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Zhang Tang

Zhang Tang is a native of Duling, his father used to be Chang'an Cheng, and when he went out, Zhang Tang guarded the family as his son.

When my father returned, he found that the meat had been eaten by rats, and my father was furious and lashed out at Zhang Tang.

Zhang Tang dug a mouse hole, caught the rat who stole the meat, and found the leftover meat, and then filed a case to torture and interrogate the rat, circulated a document for retrial, thoroughly traced it, and took the rat and the leftover meat, the crime was determined, and the rat was sentenced to death in the hall.

When his father saw it, he took and read the words of his interrogation of the rats, and was very surprised like an old prison officer who had been handling cases for many years, so he asked him to write the documents for the treatment of the prison.

After his father's death, Zhang Tang inherited his father's position and served as a Chang'an official for a long time.

When Zhou Yang Hou Tiansheng was serving in Jiuqing, he was detained in Chang'an for his crimes.

Zhang Tang was dedicated to helping him. After his release, he was named a marquis, and he had a deep friendship with Zhang Tang, and introduced Zhang Tang to meet the nobles.

Zhang Tang served as the internal history of the matter, for Ning Chengpeng, because of the correct work, he was recommended to the prime minister, transferred to Maoling Lieutenant, and handled affairs in the mausoleum.

Wu'an Hou Tianwei served as prime minister, recruited Zhang Tang as prime minister, and recommended it to Emperor Wu, and reappointed him as the imperial history ("Hanshu" as the imperial history), so that he could handle the lawsuit.

When dealing with the case of Empress Chen's witch Gu, he thoroughly tracked down her henchmen, so Emperor Wu thought he was very capable and promoted him to Taizhong Doctor.

He and Zhao Yu jointly formulated various laws and regulations, which must be strict and meticulous according to the law, especially for the officials who serve.

Soon, Zhao Yu was promoted to lieutenant and transferred to Shaofu, and Zhang Tang was also promoted to court lieutenant, and the two had a close relationship, and Zhang Tang treated Zhao Yu like a brother.

Zhao Yu is honest and arrogant, and since he became an official, there have never been diners in Shedi.

The ministers invited Zhao Yu one after another, but Zhao Yu never reciprocated, and his intention was to prevent the invitation of friends, relatives, friends and guests, so as to insist on his own ideas.

He received all the legal judgments and passed them, and did not review them, so as to grasp the faults of the officials and their dependents.

Zhang Tang is cunning and cunning, playing with wits to control others.

At the beginning, he served as a small official, and he had a close relationship with Chang'an's palace merchants, Jia Tianjia, Uncle Yu Weng and others.

As for the position of official Jiuqing, he accepted and befriended well-known scholars and doctors from all over the country, although he did not approve of the other party in his heart, he still showed admiration on the surface.

At that time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty favored people with literary talents and learning, and Zhang Tang decided big cases, wanting to attach the righteousness of the ancients, so he asked those who studied "Shangshu" and "Spring and Autumn" among the doctoral disciples to fill in the history of Yanwei to solve the difficult matters in the decree.

The difficult cases played above must have been the original reason for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to distinguish the case, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty affirmed it, so he wrote the Law of Judgment as the legal basis for Yanwei's judgment to show the wisdom of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

When he was reprimanded, Zhang Tang thanked Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and he also speculated on the intentions of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, citing the correct remarks of the court commanders, the eunuchs, and the historians, saying: "They had originally made suggestions for the ministers, but if the saints reproached the ministers, they thought that the ministers had not adopted their suggestions. His subordinates are foolish, and that's all. ”

Therefore, mistakes are often forgiven, and sometimes they are praised for their deeds to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and they say: "Your Majesty does not know how to march to Your Majesty in this way, but a certain court commander, eunuch, or Peng Shi wrote a recital." ”

When he wants to recommend someone, he often praises the person's strengths and hides their weaknesses.

If Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to add to the crime, he would let the court commander or Peng Shi punish him; If Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to pardon his crimes, he asked Tingwei or Peng Shi to reduce his guilt.

If the convicted offender is strong, he will be slandered and punished by law.

If it was a poor and inferior commoner, it would immediately report orally to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Although the provisions of the law are still used to punish crimes, the rulings of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty are often as Zhang Tang said.

Zhang Tang was very cautious with high-ranking officials, and often gave their guests wine and food.

For the children of old friends, whether they are officials or poor, they take care of them very thoughtfully.

Therefore, although Zhang Tang's usage is severe, profound, and unjust, he has gained a good reputation because of his practice.

And those harsh officials who were used by him like minions were also attached to those who were talented and learned, and Prime Minister Sun Hong praised his merits many times.

When dealing with the cases of rebellion by the three kings of Huainan, Hengshan, and Jiangdu, they all pursued and dealt with them vigorously and tried them thoroughly.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to release Yan Zhu and Wu Quilt.

Zhang Tang argued with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: "Wu was originally planning a rebellion, and Yan Zhu was close to His Majesty's close ministers who entered and exited the palace, and the same was true for privately befriending princes, and if they were not punished, they would not be able to be punished in the future." ”

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty therefore agreed to punish Wu and Yan Zhu.

He took the trial of the case and the exclusion of the minister as his own performance, and it was like this, and since then, Zhang Tang has been more respected and trusted, and has been promoted to the imperial doctor.

It happened that the Xiongnu Hun evil king and others descended to the Han Dynasty, the Han court mobilized a large army to crusade against the Xiongnu, the drought east of the Kunshan Mountain, the poor people wandered and migrated, all relied on the government to supply food, and the government inventory was empty.

Zhang Tang thus accepted Emperor Wu's will and requested the manufacture of platinum currency and five baht coins to monopolize the production and trading of salt and iron, and squeeze out the wealthy merchants.

He also issued arrest warrants, cut off the families that had been annexed by the powerful and powerful, and used rhetoric and clever slander to assist in the implementation of the law.

Every time Zhang Tang went to the court to play an event and talk about the country's financial use, it was often until dusk, and Emperor Wu even forgot to eat.

The prime minister is nothing but nothing, and all major national affairs listen to Zhang Tang's opinions.

The whole country has been made miserable and in an uproar, and the various productions that have been raised by the government cannot make a profit.

The officials took advantage of the fishing profits, and were severely punished according to the law.

Therefore, the officials below the minister, and even the common people, all reprimanded Zhang Tang, when Zhang Tang was ill, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty personally went to visit, and his grandeur reached this point.

The Huns came to ask for peace, and the ministers discussed the matter in front of the emperor.

Dr. Dishan said, "Harmony is good for us. ”

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked what the benefits were, and Di Shan said, "The weapon is a murder weapon and should not be used many times." Emperor Gao wanted to conquer the Xiongnu and fell into trouble in Pingcheng, so he made peace with the Xiongnu.

When Emperor Xiaohui and Empress Gao, the world was happy because of this.

As for Emperor Xiaowen, he wanted to take military action against the Xiongnu, and the northern border was sluggish and suffering from war.

During the time of Emperor Xiaojing, the seven kingdoms of Wu and Chu rebelled, and Emperor Xiaojing went back and forth between the two palaces, and he was afraid for several months.

After the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu was put down, Emperor Jing never talked about military affairs, and the country was rich and fulfilling. Now His Majesty has begun to send troops to attack the Xiongnu, which has made our country empty, and the people in the border areas are extremely poor and destitute. From this point of view, it is better to be close. ”

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked Zhang Tang, and Zhang Tang said, "He is a stupid Confucian scholar with no knowledge. ”

Di Shan said: "His subordinates are indeed foolish and loyal, but like the imperial historian Zhang Tang, they are deceitful and loyal. For example, when Zhang Tang tried the case of rebellion against the kings of Huainan and Jiangdu, he wantonly slandered the princes and kings with vicious language, dividing the flesh and blood relatives of the clan, and making the ministers feel uneasy. Therefore, the minister knew that Zhang Tang was deceitful and loyal. ”

So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty said to Di Shan with an unhappy face: "I let you be the governor of a county, can you not let the Huns enter and plunder?" ”

He replied, "No." ”

Again, "What about being in charge of a county?" ”

He replied, "No." ”

Then he asked, "What about being in charge of a beacon?" ”

Di Shan knew that if he said no more, he would be punished, so he had to say "yes".

So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Di Shan to the border to take charge of a beacon barrier.

More than a month later, the Huns cut off Di Shan's head and left.

From then on, the ministers were shocked and did not dare to talk about peace again.

Zhang Tang's doorman Tian Jia, although he is a businessman, has a good character.

When Zhang Tang was a small official, they exchanged money with each other, and when Zhang Tang became a big official, Tian Jia once blamed Zhang Tang for his mistakes in acting, and also showed the demeanor of a loyal and strong man.

When Zhang Tang served as the imperial historian for seven years, he was finally dismissed from the official position and punished.

Li Wen, a native of Hedong County, had an estrangement with Zhang Tang, and soon served as the middle of the imperial history.

In order to vent his anger, he searched for evidence unfavorable to Zhang Tang in the documents he played many times, but he did not succeed.

Zhang Tang had a beloved subordinate named Lu Yuju, knowing that Zhang Tang was dissatisfied with Li Wen, so he instructed others to play a performance insinuating that Li Wen had a treacherous deed, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty handed over the matter to Zhang Tang to deal with, and Zhang Tang sentenced Li Wen to death.

In fact, he knew in his heart that this matter was done by Lu Yu.

Emperor Wu asked about this incident and said, "How did the accusation of Li Wen's plot to misdeeds come about? ”

Zhang Tang pretended to be surprised and said, "This is probably caused by the resentment of Li Wen's former acquaintances. ”

Lu Yuju was sick and lived in a family in the lane, Zhang Tang went to visit him in person and massaged Lu Yuju's feet.

Zhao relied on smelting and casting to make profits, and Liu Pengzu, the king of Zhao, accused the iron officials many times, but Zhang Tang always rejected the king of Zhao. King Zhao is looking for Zhang Tang's ulterior deeds.

Lu Yuju once tried the lawsuit of King Zhao, and the king of Zhao was resentful of him, and wrote to denounce: "Zhang Tang is a minister of the imperial court, and Peng Shi Lu Yuju is sick, but Zhang Tang personally went to him to massage his feet, I suspect that they may have some big conspiracy." ”

The matter was brought to Yanwei for trial.

Lu Yuju died of illness, and his younger brother was implicated in the matter, and he was detained with the supervisor.

Zhang Tang also went to the official office of the supervisor to interrogate other prisoners, met his younger brother, and wanted to help him secretly, but he pretended not to know him on the surface.

Lu Yuju's younger brother did not know his intentions, so he resented Zhang Tang and instructed someone to write a letter to denounce Zhang Tang and Lu Yuju's conspiracy, and jointly denounce Li Wen on the charge of conspiracy.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty handed over the case to Jian Xuan for handling.

Jian Xuan had a discord with Zhang Tang, and after taking over the matter, he pursued and ruled ruthlessly, and did not march to Emperor Wu.

It happened that someone stole the burial money from the cemetery of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, and Prime Minister Zhuang Qingzhai went to court and made an appointment with Zhang Tang to apologize.

In front of Emperor Wu, Zhang Tang secretly thought that only the prime minister went to the mausoleums of various countries at four o'clock to pay respects, and the matter should only be pleaded by the prime minister, and he himself was not involved in the matter, so there was no need to take responsibility.

After the prime minister apologized, Emperor Wu sent the imperial historian to review the matter.

Zhang Tang wanted to report that the prime minister knew about the theft, and the prime minister Zhuang Qingzhai was deeply frightened.

The three elders of the Prime Minister's Mansion were therefore ready to attack Zhang Tang and frame him for crimes.

Zhu Maichen has always resented Zhang Tang, Zhang Tang was a small official at that time, and those who wanted to bow down asked Zhu Maichen to come forward.

Soon, Zhang Tang served as a court lieutenant to try the case of Huainan Wang's rebellion, squeezing out Zhuang Zhu, and Zhu Maichen was dissatisfied with this.

When Zhang Tang was promoted to the imperial historian, Zhu Maichen was promoted to the lord of the capital with the title of Huiji Taishou, and was in the position of Jiuqing, and a few years later, he was dismissed for violating the law and demoted to Shou Changshi.

He once went to visit Zhang Tang, Zhang Tang sat proudly on the bed, and his Fucheng and Peng Shi were not polite to Zhu Maichen.

Zhu Maichen was a scholar from Chudi; He was deeply resentful of this, and often wanted to put Zhang Tang to death.

The dynasty is a Qidi person, because he knows how to do magic, and the official is the right internal history.

Bian Tong learned the art of saying people from the Warring States Period, and was a person with a strong personality, and was twice appointed as an official to the Kingdom of Jinan.

Their status was higher than that of Zhang Tang, and soon they lost their official positions and served as prime ministers, so they had to make compromises in front of Zhang Tang, and Zhang Tang acted as prime ministers many times, knowing that these three long histories have always been noble, so they often deliberately insulted them.

Therefore, the three long histories jointly planned and said: "At the beginning, Zhang Tang and the prime minister made an appointment to apologize to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, but soon betrayed the prime minister; Now he wants to impeach the prime minister with the matter of the temple, which is to retain the position of replacing the prime minister. We know Zhang Tang's ulterior deeds. ”

They sent their subordinates to arrest and interrogate Zhang Tang's friend Tian Xin and others, saying that Zhang Tang had made a suggestion to Emperor Wu, and Tian Xin knew in advance, so he accumulated profits and shared them equally with Zhang Tang.

They also said that Zhang Tang had other treacherous things, and these words soon reached Emperor Wu, who said to Zhang Tang: "What plans I have, the merchants know in advance, and they have doubled their stockpiling, and this is all because someone told them about my plan." ”

After Zhang Tang listened; He didn't apologize, but said in surprise: "Someone must have done this." ”

Minus Xuan played the matter of Lu Yuju again.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty really thought that Zhang Tang was sinister in his heart, and lied to his face, and sent envoys with books to accuse Zhang Tang of eight crimes.

Zhang Tang denied it one by one and refused to accept it.

So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhao Yu to reproach Zhang Tang.

After Zhao Yu saw Zhang Tang, he persuaded Zhang Tang and said: "Your Excellency doesn't know how to measure, how many people have you interrogated and executed, and now that people are accusing you, the Holy Lord attaches great importance to your case and wants you to deal with it properly, why do you need to testify many times?" ”

Zhang Tang then apologized for the crime and said: "Zhang Tang has no credit for the size, he started from a sword and pen officer, and was promoted to the third prince because of His Majesty's favor, and there is nothing to exonerate the crime." However, it was the three long histories of the Prime Minister's Mansion who conspired to frame Zhang Tang. ”

So he committed suicide.

After Zhang Tang's death, the family's property did not exceed 500 gold, all of which were rewarded by the emperor, and there was no other property. His brother's son is to bury Zhang Tang.

Zhang Tang's mother said: "Zhang Tang, as the minister of the Son of Heaven, was slandered to death by evil words, what is there to bury!" ”

His body was then loaded in an ox cart and buried, with only a coffin and no coffin.

When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty found out, he said, "Without such a mother, you can't give birth to such a son." ”

Therefore, the three elders were sentenced to death; Prime Minister Zhuang Qingzhai was forced to commit suicide; Released Tian Xin.

Emperor Wu was very sorry for Zhang Tang's death and promoted his son Zhang Anshi to the official position.

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anecdote

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Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty discussed with Zhang Tang about making white deer skin coins and asked for the opinion of Dasi Nong Yanyi.

Yan Yi objected, and Emperor Wu of Han was unhappy.

Zhang Tang was at odds with Yan Yi again, and it happened that someone reported Yan Yi for other things, and Yan Yi was arrested and imprisoned, and Zhang Tang interrogated.

Yan Yi once had a conversation with the guest, and the guest said that the law was first issued and there was an inconvenience, but Yan Yi did not respond, but only sneered a little.

Zhang Tang called Yan Yi as Jiuqing, seeing that the decree was inconvenient, he did not say it explicitly but slandered in his heart and was sentenced to death.

So the precedent of the so-called "belly slander" was opened, and since then, most of the ministers and doctors have flattered and flattered the emperor.

(End of chapter)