Three months ago, Ji'an Province.

The army has been scattered, and Zhao Han stayed in Ji'an, taking care of military and political affairs.

Zhang Bingwen, the political envoy of Jiangxi, was officially promoted to one of the three secretaries, and was specifically responsible for assisting Zhao Han in handling government affairs. is a bit like the cabinet minister of the Ming Dynasty, but there is a fundamental difference, Zhao Han's secretary has no power to draft votes, and he must be released after a long time.

"Zongzhen, this is a text from Anfuzhi County, I'm afraid we have to pay special attention to it." Zhang Bingwen handed over an official letter.

Zhao Han took it and looked at it, it was a little funny at first, and he quickly frowned.

It was a small case, and it happened at the end of last year.

A soldier was rewarded for his meritorious service, and when he returned home for the Chinese New Year, he brought back a copper bun for his wife. It is a piece of jewelry that is worn around the bun and is decorated with jewels, pearls or other ornaments, and is generally only qualified to be worn by ladies.

The soldier's wife used to be a maid in the landlord's family.

She went out wearing jewelry for the New Year, showing off that it was made of gold, and happened to meet the former hostess. The hostess said a few sarcastic words, and a verbal altercation ensued, accompanied by the act of grabbing each other's hair.

The two cried and went to the village chief, who asked them to apologize to each other and promise not to quarrel over the matter in the future.

As a result, the two girls were not convinced, and each took his family and went to the mayor again.

One said that the other party insulted him first, and the other reported that the other party was wearing gold jewelry, which must have been stolen by her husband from a war outside.

The mayor of the town did not dare to slack off, and immediately asked someone to inspect the goods, and found that it was copper.

The matter should have ended here, and the woman from the landlord suddenly made a noise about keeping the township covenant. Then the group began to discuss whether the soldier's wife was entitled to wear a bib according to the township covenant.

In the end, it went to Anfuzhi County.

The magistrate believes that the highest legal principle in Jiangxi should be based on the article of "Datong Collection". Even if there is a conflict between "Da Ming Law" and "Da Tong Ji", "Da Ming Law" should be put aside, not to mention that it is just a township covenant.

In the article in "Datong Collection", since it is said that all people are equal, then ordinary women can also wear a bun.

The letter written by Anfuzhi County to Zhao Han was not to discuss the case itself, but to discuss how to regulate and guide the township covenant.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, in the vast countryside of China, there was no law, only a township covenant.

Unless there is a fatality, the government does not care at all.

Zhao Han put down the letter and asked, "Do you know when the Township Covenant appeared?" ”

Zhang Bingwen arched his hand and said: "The truth comes from "Zhou Li", and the real written word is "Lantian Lu's Township Covenant". Zhu Zi highly respected this, and personally changed it to "Increase and Loss of Lu's Township Covenant". In the early years of the dynasty, Emperor Taizu implemented the township drinking ceremony, allowing the virtuous village elders to educate the people, and also allowing the village elders to deal with village and town disputes. The village elders educate the people and deal with disputes, which can also be regarded as a kind of township agreement. Chengzu also included the "Lu's Township Covenant" in the "Encyclopedia of Sexuality", and then spread it to the world. As for the actual implementation, it is actually through Yang Ming Xinxue. ”

"What does this have to do with Yang Minggong?" Zhao Hanzhen didn't know.

Zhang Bingwen explained: "During the Zhengde period, the atmosphere was corrupted. Taizu's township drinking ceremony has existed in name only, and those township elders are no longer virtuous, but take the lead in oppressing the people. ”

To put it more clearly, Zhu Yuanzhang used village elders, grain chiefs, and lieutenant chiefs to rule the countryside. With the development of social economy, by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, these grassroots ruling forces were completely corrupted.

Zhang Bingwen continued: "Yang Minggong suppressed bandits in Southern Jiangxi, in addition to lightly repaying the meager endowments, relocating the displaced people, and exterminating the thieves, he must also educate the people of Southern Jiangxi. Therefore, Yang Ming Gong formulated a system of protecting the armor, taking the "Lu Township Covenant" as the original, and letting each Baojia make a township contract. Nangan was thus greatly governed, and later the disciples of Yang Ming Gong became officials, and they followed this method in various places. It's just that instead of using armor, the local clans were summoned to jointly swear a township covenant. ”

"This method has a good effect, and during the Jiajing period, the imperial court ordered to promote the world."

Wang Yangming's influence is by no means just to create mental science and pacify thieves. His Baojia and Township Covenant Law continued to the Republic of China, building a centuries-old political ecology of China's countryside.

After the township covenant was formulated, although the gentry and wealthy families were still chaotic, most of them had to abide by the township covenant on the surface.

In other words, the gentry and wealthy families are in trouble, and the basic rules still have to be observed, and breaking the bottom line is to be poked in the backbone by the villagers.

In addition, Wang Yangming's township covenant also influenced the formulation of family rules in the Ming and Qing dynasties for hundreds of years.

The township covenant can be understood as an enlarged version of the family rules, which are forcibly followed under the armor protection system. Or, the local magnates voluntarily join and pledge to abide by their agreement.

The specific contents are: seeing good things must be done, mistakes must be changed, respecting the old and loving the young, urging each other, helping each other, standardizing words and deeds, and standardizing etiquette. Advocate trustworthiness, do not make friends with bandits, and work diligently...... And so on and so forth.

Under each item, there are detailed regulations, and if someone violates it, everyone will discuss and deal with it together.

Why did Zhang Bingwen remind Zhao Han that he must pay attention?

Because according to the letter of Anfuzhi County, many local gentry are quietly promoting the township covenant again. Maybe some people are out of good intentions, but more people may want to snatch the right to speak at the grassroots level!

Many village chiefs saw that the content of the township covenant was very good, and in order to facilitate the governance of the village, they even took the initiative to cooperate with the gentry to make trouble.

This is moving Zhao Han's foundation!

Zhang Bingwen not only mastered mathematics, but also mastered the "Datong Collection", he suggested: "The general town and the township covenant can be promoted, after all, they are all persuading people to be good." But two points must be noted: first, those who violate the agreement cannot be mediated and dealt with by the gentry; Second, a small number of entries in the township covenant contradict each other with the "Datong Collection", and these contents must be deleted! ”

"That's a good word," Zhao Han nodded, "Let the villages and towns submit the contents of their township agreements." You bring a few people, who are responsible for finding out what is wrong, and then give it to me for review. ”

"Yes!" Zhang Bingwen was immediately ordered to leave.

Zhao Han wrote another note, and after stamping it, he asked the secretary to forward it to the divisions.

This slip is to pay the salary of the village chief.

The village chief has nothing to deal with, mainly to solve trivial disputes in the village, so he must be a member of the village. If a foreigner is allowed to serve as the village head, there are few things that cannot be done unless he is extremely capable.

In the past, the village chiefs used love to generate electricity, and there was no salary. After the freshness passed, it was inevitable that there would be a slack mentality, so he helped the gentry to promote the township covenant, because it would be easier to formulate the township covenant.

The village chiefs must be paid salaries, and it will not last long to generate electricity with love, and there may be people who use power for personal gain in the future.

They will think to themselves, I pay so much, and I don't have a salary, it's normal to get some benefits.

Paying wages certainly does not prevent this phenomenon, but it can reduce it. Because in the ancient agricultural society, if the village chief did not have the right to levy grain and levy forced labor, he would not be greedy for any money at all. With a salary, there will be face and lining, which will make the village chiefs much more stable.

The most important thing to be vigilant against is not the corruption of the village chief, but the village chief's bullying of men and women, and taking advantage of it!

In the following month, Zhao Han ruled two major events: standardizing the township contract and paying wages to the village head.

Zhang Bingwen took a few scholars to summarize the township covenants in various places, delete and change them, and Zhao Han personally revised a few articles.

Then, there are two types.

The text is a vulgar version, and people send it to villages and towns.

The text is elegantly versioned and compiled into the new edition of "Datong Collection".

The name of the article is "Datong Township Covenant", which can be understood as "Datong World Values". Respect the old and love the young, make good friends, be diligent in keeping the family, abide by the law and dedicate to work, and so on.

Don't think it's useless, after hundreds of years, it will become the consensus of all peoples.

The reason why the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people is to a large extent the subtle adaptation of the township covenant. Even if the people are illiterate, they will gradually understand the truth by word of mouth, and use this to educate their children and grandchildren, thus forming the good character of a nation.

Just when Li Zheng was besieging Changsha, Chen Xisong of the Persuasion Agricultural Institute suddenly asked to see him.

"What good seeds have been cultivated, or have new farming tools been developed?" Zhao Han asked with a smile.

Chen Xisong was the one who presented the "Book of Agriculture" and was thrown to do the main work of persuading the agricultural office. He took out a mechanical drawing and said excitedly: "Zongzhen, the water turns into a large spinning wheel, and you can spin cotton yarn." ”

Zhao Han was stunned for a moment, and then ecstatic.

More than thirty spindles, a water-powered spinning machine, which was fucking against the sky in the seventeenth century!

Zhao Han hurriedly checked the drawings, but looked confused and asked, "How to improve it?" ”

Chen Xisong was afraid that Zhao Han would not understand, so he explained in detail: "The reason why the water to the large spinning wheel cannot spin cotton yarn is because the tensile force of the cotton sliver is not enough, and the yarn will often break when spinning with the water to the large spinning wheel. Chen Xisong pointed to the drawings and said, "General Town, please see, I have added a car and a pressure plate here, and I have also added three gears." The water spinning wheel drives the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft slows down the rotation speed through three gears, which can reduce the force on the sliver. By passing through the pressure plate of the small trolley and hooking the spindle bar, the yarn is held, and the trolley also holds the yarn. The spindle rotates the spindle rod through the rope sleeve to twist the yarn. ”

Zhao Han understood, the main thing was to add three gears, and at the same time assemble a finer walking car, pressure plate and spindle rod.

However, this thing must be flawed, and the tampons must be kneaded by hand first. The second is that the spun cotton yarn is very coarse and cannot be used to weave fine cotton cloth, but can only be used to weave some cheesecloth.

In a word, it is positioned as a low-end market, and it can produce coarse cotton yarn in large quantities!

Zhao Han was very satisfied, and said to Chen Xisong: "Continue to improve in the future, and reward you with ten taels of silver this time." In addition, within five years, other merchants who use this spinning machine must give you a sum of silver every year, otherwise they will be confiscated by the government! ”

"Thank you, Headquarters!" Chen Xisong was overjoyed, their Chen family was going to get rich.

In ancient times, there was no concept of patents, and if it was an ordinary spinning machine, Zhao Han was really difficult to manage.

But the water conservancy spinning machine is different, that thing is too big, and it is accurate to check.

Giving Chen Xisong an invention patent can stimulate craftsmen to make inventions, and second, it is conducive to the promotion of large spinning wheels. For the sake of interests, the Chen family will inevitably take the initiative to promote, and only hope that the whole of Jiangxi will use this kind of machine.

Zhao Han was very happy that the industrial technology revolution seemed to have begun.