The Second Anglo-Dutch War was not limited to Europe, but also had battlefields in the Americas and Africa.

A British naval expedition...... Well, it's actually a group of pirates who have long been entrenched in the Caribbean islands. On the orders of Charles II, the pirates immediately attacked New Amsterdam, and after the occupation changed its name to New York!

At the same time, the Royal African Company began to attack the West African colonies, attempting to seize the ivory, slaves and gold trade from the Dutch.

On the main battlefield in Europe, Britain dispatched more than 100 warships, 4,200 large and small guns, and 22,000 troops.

This was made by Charles II by selling iron, as well as Cromwell's family savings and, of course, the enthusiastic investment of Dutch merchants.

The port of Amsterdam was blockaded by the British Navy for half a month, the Netherlands was already in a state of industrial and commercial decline, and the port was blockaded again, and the prices of goods in the capital soared to the point of starvation.

Then the British withdrew......

All the decent ships of Britain were converted into warships to fight, which led to the shortage of grain ships, and the navy had to return home to replenish when the food was exhausted.

The Netherlands took advantage of the opportunity to regain their senses, and the big businessmen urgently negotiated and decided to grit their teeth and raise military expenses. After settling the issue of the Dutch navy's salaries, the Dutch navy was assembled and a counteroffensive began, culminating in a battle off Lostoft.

For the first time in the history of human naval warfare, battle line tactics were applied to actual combat.

This thing has been proposed before, but the British Navy was the first to adopt it, but it didn't work perfectly for the first time.

The British Navy had the upper hand and lined up in battle. The Dutch navy rushed into battle, and the formation collapsed. The two sides drove sideways in the opposite direction, and since the British were not familiar with tactics, they forgot about the battle line while fighting.

Eventually, it turned into a brawl, with each other's warships entangled, except that the Dutch were more chaotic than the British.

In the afternoon, the Dutch flagship exploded, and the British army won a complete victory.

The Dutch lost 18 warships and more than 5,000 crew members and soldiers, but the main force managed to escape from the battlefield.

Two months later, fighting broke out again.

This time, the Netherlands issued a wartime mobilization order, calling a large number of armed merchant ships to participate in the war. The British lost several warships, but the main force retreated safely, and on the way home, captured more than a dozen Dutch merchant ships hiding from the wind and waves.

After another two months, the third battle began.

Historically, the British navy has always had the upper hand, and as a result, the Black Death broke out in the country, with more than 100,000 people dying in London alone. From then on, the situation reversed, and Britain finally lost the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

Now the war was two years ahead of schedule, the Black Death in London had not broken out, and the British navy had been pressing the Netherlands.

The Netherlands urgently launched diplomatic action to form an anti-British alliance with Denmark.

Because France was married to England, it was inconvenient for Louis XIV to intervene forcibly. However, the Sun King was so bad that he secretly sent supplies to the Netherlands and instigated the Netherlands to fight the British to the end.

The British went to Portugal for help, but the young king of Portugal was a paralyzed man and mentally ill. The king was unable to call the shots, and a group of nobles quarreled and finally agreed to an alliance with the British, but were only willing to cheer on the British by the side.

More and more Dutch merchants woke up and took the initiative to join the battle with armed merchant ships, and the Anglo-Dutch began a four-year tug-of-war.

Both sides ran out of food, and frantically bought grain from other countries. Merchants took advantage of the opportunity to raise prices, which led to a sharp rise in grain prices in Europe, and the people of various countries suffered unspeakably.

French and Spanish grain merchants took the opportunity to make a fortune selling grain.

Finally, it dragged on until the Black Death broke out in London, and Britain's fragile finances completely collapsed.

The Netherlands was no better, with starvation rife at home, serious damage to overseas trade, and the Dutch East India Company in debt.

But Charles II was tough, or rather, the monarchy was better suited to war. Under the pressure of the Black Death in London, he continued to send troops to blockade Dutch ports and patrol key sea areas, looting Dutch merchant ships when he saw them.

If it dragged on, Britain would definitely not be able to hold out first, but the weakness of the merchants affected the war.

The Dutch merchants did not want to fight anymore, and if they continued to fight, the Netherlands might win, but many of them would go bankrupt!

At this time, France and Spain were fighting, and the battlefield was in the Spanish Netherlands, which frightened Britain and the Netherlands to immediately negotiate an armistice.

Charles II the lion opened his mouth, and the Dutch bargained.

The armistice treaty was roughly as follows: New York in North America and Suriname in South America, the two Dutch colonies, were all ceded to Britain. At the same time, Britain promised to amend the "Navigation Regulations" and no longer provoke trouble with the Netherlands.

Then, the drama came.

Britain and the Netherlands fought to the death and suddenly declared an alliance. It also pulled Sweden in, and the three countries formed an anti-French alliance and demanded that France return Spanish territory.

However, King Philip IV of Spain died of illness, and Louis XIV declared that his wife's dowry was not enough. Now the king of Spain is dead, and his wife is a Spanish princess who has the right to inherit the throne of Spain. The wife is willing to give up the throne, and together with the dowry that is not enough, Spain can compensate for a piece of land.

That territory was the Spanish Netherlands, which was roughly equivalent to what would become Belgium and Luxembourg.

France quickly dispatched troops and easily swallowed up the Spanish Netherlands while the new Spanish king was not firmly established.

Before Spain could react, Britain and the Netherlands blew up.

France swallowed that territory, and the Netherlands was equivalent to being dumplings, and it could be annexed by France at any time. Even if France doesn't do it, the Netherlands will be in a state of trembling.

Britain was unhappy with France's funding of the Dutch war, and feared that France would continue to grow.

Sweden was simply inexplicable, and actually got involved and formed a three-country anti-French alliance with Britain and the Netherlands.

Louis XIV ignored it and continued to attack Spain, occupying Conté and other areas, and making peace between Spain and Portugal.

What's the matter with Portugal?

Louis XIV married his cousin to the foolish king of Portugal and gave him a large dowry, instigating Portugal to attack Spain. This queen who married from France, who had an affair with the brother of the foolish king, joined forces to control the power of Portugal, and even made a real noise about going to war with Spain.

Seeing that something was wrong, Spain not only chose to negotiate peace, but also formally recognized the independence of Portugal.

As a result of the formation of the anti-French alliance, France also entered into peace talks with Spain, relinquishing the occupied Spanish mainland but retaining control of some cities in the Spanish Netherlands.

France thus stabilized its northern borders, but the conflict with the Netherlands intensified.

As for Britain, although allied with the Netherlands against France, it secretly prepared for the Third Anglo-Dutch War. When the time comes, England will pull France together to fight the Netherlands, and Charles II and Louis XIV are so bad.

In any case, this series of wars has greatly damaged the vitality of Spain, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

In India, the Dutch had no temper in the face of China, and even in the face of the Jin king, they were low-mouthed.

They feared that if they were not careful, China would suddenly go to war and occupy the Dutch colony in Ceylon. Knowing of the situation in Europe, China seized the opportunity to claim commercial benefits and obtain the same commercial privileges of the Netherlands in India and Ceylon.

In the Americas, the Spanish crown was completely out of control, the Chinese trading fleet drove over with great swagger, and smuggling was completely open. And the fake show was really done, the Luzon Navy went to Cebu Island for a walk, and fired a few shots as a greeting gift.

The governor of Mexico, Palafort, was so frightened that he reduced his commission on Chinese merchant ships, and the profits of Li Quan's Four Seas Trading Company soared by 5%.

Spain and the Netherlands were in complete decay, England was licking its wounds, and France had become the hegemon of the continent. If China doesn't do anything, it can make a little more money, and I can't wait for European countries to fight a few more times.

As for India, the two brothers, the Mughal Emperor and the Bengal Emperor, expanded wildly with military force, and finally both brought about bad results.

There are frequent uprisings in their country, and they don't want to do anything all year round, they are busy leading troops to quell the chaos.

Especially in Afghanistan, the chiefs of various tribes fought guerrilla warfare with the Mughals in the mountains, and the Mughals gave up their rule over Afghanistan.

Then there was a civil war of chiefs in Afghanistan, and those chieftains wanted to be kings themselves.

After the loss of Afghan territory, the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb became more and more angry, so he attacked the southern kingdom of Gorkunda.

The two sides fought back and forth, and the rebel armies on both sides also fought back and forth with the government forces.

In order to obtain funds for the war, the state of Gorkunda intensified its exploitation of the Hindus, and successively had three territories, and the princes of the Hindu princely states declared independence. One of the territories, next to the Jin Kingdom, actually chose to be loyal to the King of Jin in order to resist the counterattack of the Sultan of Gorkunda.

The country of Oman on the Arabian Peninsula has started a rapid expansion mode, from the Gulf of Aden to Kenya, all of which have become Omani territory, and the Portuguese have been beaten to the ground.

The wise emperor of Persia died, and his son succeeded to the throne, and he became an alcoholic, and he stayed in the palace all day drinking, and the power of the Persian Empire fell into the hands of eunuchs. The Persian frontier was constantly invaded by Central Asian tribes, and little by little the land was lost.

The Ottoman Empire ended the Queen's Era, and the old ministers in their 80s took charge of the overall situation, restored the central power and the combat effectiveness of the troops, and once again expanded wildly towards the surrounding areas. The overseas territories of Venice, in particular, were occupied one by one by the Ottomans, who were planning to attack Austria.

Russia was fighting the Ottomans and was powerless to expand into Siberia.

Nanjing, Forbidden City.

Zhao Han said to Bayinkov, who was on his second mission to China: "Go back and tell the Rakshasa Emperor to give up the Yenisei Governor as soon as possible, otherwise all that awaits him is endless war, and I will fight all the way to the Volga!" ”

Bayinkov prostrate on the ground: "Your Majesty the Great Emperor, if China claims the Baikal region, I will go back to Moscow to convey it to His Majesty the Tsar, and mediate an armistice negotiations." But it is impossible for Russia to give up the Yenisei River Basin, the Russians will fight to the end! ”

"Baikal?" Zhao Han sneered, "It is already China's North Sea, and there is an Osinsk not far to the west, and only by occupying it can China completely control the North Sea." Calculate the time, the Beihai Protectorate should have already sent troops, maybe by the time you go back, Osinsk has already changed its Chinese name. Take Osinsk, followed by Verkhniy Lesk and Ust-Kut, these names are too awkward, and it is better to change them to Chinese names in the future. ”

Bayinkov lay on the ground, his face almost desperate.

The damned Ottomans, expanding like mad dogs, dragged all the Russian forces to the border, and it was impossible to transfer them to fight in the Yenisei region.

The Ottomans are mad dogs, China is also mad dogs, and Russia has to face two mad dogs at the same time.

Zhao Han smiled and said, "I have sent an envoy to visit the Ottomans. I heard that the Ottoman Prime Minister was an old minister who was almost 90 years old, and he turned the tide and eliminated the bad government, which really made me sincerely admire. With such a wise minister, I am willing to form an alliance with the Ottomans. ”

Bayinkov was dumbfounded when he heard this, the Ottomans and China are in an alliance, is there still a way for Russia to live?