Stepan Racin is no stranger to China, and most of the information is heard from the Turks.

This servant lived in the Turghut Ministry for two years, serving as the permanent diplomatic representative of the Don Cossacks. He also stayed away from the Don River and worked as a water bandit on the Volga River for several years, collecting protection money from merchant ships passing along the way.

"Respected Khitan envoy, please convey my respect to the Khitan Emperor on your behalf." Racin bowed, his Mongolian fluent.

Xie Yuan smiled and said, "Hello, heroic rebel. ”

Racine said curiously: "You are a Khitan envoy, and you must be from a noble family. Shouldn't the nobles hate rebels like me? Why call me a heroic insurgent? ”

Xie Yuan's expression suddenly became serious, and he turned to the east and said, "Because Your Majesty the Emperor of our country is also a heroic rebel. He was a slave oppressed by the aristocracy, taking with him more slaves and the poor, overthrowing the rule of the tyrannical emperor. In today's China, no poor people are oppressed anymore because the emperor treats everyone equally. ”

"The Khitan Emperor used to be a slave?" Racine was surprised.

Xie Yuan nodded and said, "Yes, His Majesty the Emperor of China, who used to be a slave. Chinese officials, many of whom were slaves and poor people, followed His Majesty in the revolt and inaugurated a new dynasty. I heard that you are going to march to Moscow and then let the tsar improve the policy towards the poor. With all due respect, you can't make it. ”

"Why can't it be successful?" Racine asked.

Xie Yuan said: "Because the tsar and the nobles are one, he will only speak for the nobles." Even if he agrees to you, he will definitely regret it, and then mobilize a large army to destroy you. ”

"I believe that His Majesty the Tsar is merciful," Racine said. ”

Racine himself doesn't believe this kind of nonsense.

He was purely self-consoling, because for the Cossacks the tsar was invincible. Even if they revolted, they could only wander around, and force the tsar to change his decree by inflicting losses on Russia.

Xie Yuan asked, "Are you literate?" ”

"I've been reading books for a few years." Razin's parents were wealthy Cossacks, but the family property was seized by the nobility.

Xie Yuan took out a special Russian edition of "Datong Collection", and with the efforts of Honglu Temple and missionaries, the book has been translated into many languages. He handed it to Racine and said, "This is a book written by His Majesty the Emperor himself, which tells how to revolt and govern the country. ”

Racine took it and looked at it, only to see that the title of the book was "The Theory of the Khitan Emperor Leading the Poor People's Uprising and the Founding of the State".

The Russian translation is more straightforward and excludes traditional Chinese ideas.

The first chapter is the theory of personality, which explains that all people are equal under the gods and that no one should be born oppressed.

The second chapter is the three original chapters, which explain that the people are the masters of the country, and that the monarchs, nobles, and officials are only administering the country in place of the people.

The third chapter is the Juntian Theory, which explains that land is given by the gods and should not be monopolized by large landowners. All the land of the big landlords came by bloody means. Only small landlords and yeoman farmers earned their income from the hard work of clearing wasteland.

Chapter 4......

Razin led the rebel forces and went north along the Volga River.

Sitting in a Cossack boat, Razin began to read the Russian version of the "Great Homology".

The first chapter gave him a fierce impact, and at the same time made him empathize, because this theory was very suitable for the Cossacks.

After reading the second chapter, Racine felt a sudden opening.

In the third chapter, Racine suddenly wanted to cry when he watched it. The Cossack was not born a robber, his grandfather was a fugitive slave, and he fled to the Don valley to work hard, and he got rich by hard work. But the damned aristocratic lord came, seized his family's property, and occupied his family's business, and he could only take one vote to be a robber.

The Russian aristocracy was constantly encroaching on the Don River valley and constantly compressing the living space of the Cossacks.

This book is a booklet, and you can read it in half a day.

At the end of the book, there is "A Brief Biography of the Khitan Emperor". tells how miserable the Khitan Emperor was since he was a child, was oppressed by layers of oppression, and finally led the poor and slaves to rebel, and finally established a happy country where everyone is equal.

After reading the book, Racine's hands trembled, and he was inspired by the deeds of the Khitan Emperor, and he felt that he could also overthrow the Tsar and establish a state.

Raiding a small town on the shore, Razin called all the leaders of the rebel army, as well as the leaders of the Bashkir uprising.

He took the Russian version of the "Datong Collection" and said: "In the far east, there is a powerful country called the Khitan. How powerful is the Khitan? Its capital numbered a million people, and it was able to easily defeat the Tsar's army. But twenty years ago, the Khitan Emperor was also very brutal, oppressing and exploiting the poor and slaves. ”

More than thirty rebel leaders gathered around Racine and listened.

Racin continued: "There was a Khitan serf who couldn't stand the abuse of the landlord and rebelled with the serfs and the poor. Their initial weapons, which were inferior to ours, were only made of planks for shields and wooden spears for spears. But they were very valiant and defeated the emperor's army again and again, and eventually they overthrew the brutal Khitan emperor and established a country of their own. ”

"Are you telling a story?" Muhad, the leader of the Bashkir rebels, asked.

Racine held aloft "Datong Ji": "I'm not telling a story, it's all true. The serf who took the lead in the uprising is the current Khitan Emperor, and this is a book written by the Khitan Emperor himself. I'm going to tell you now......"

Racine walked up the steps: "Man is made of ......" He suddenly looked at Muhad, "Slavs, created by Yahweh." The Bashkirs, created by Allah. No matter which god created human beings, under the gods, everyone is equal. You ask, why are the nobles equal to the poor if they are smarter and more literate? The Khitan emperor said that personality is equal, and there is only a personal difference between the noble and the poor. And the person can be changed, and if a person's morals and abilities do not correspond to his position, then he does not deserve to have a noble person......"

Most of the listeners were illiterate and couldn't figure out what personality was.

But there are some things they understand, and under the gods, everyone is equal. The people are the masters of the country, and the emperors, nobles, and officials only govern the country on behalf of the people. The big landowners were all immoral, and only the small landlords and yeoman farmers obtained the land by hard work.

Since the big landlords are immoral, it is time to overthrow them and rob the land and distribute it to the poor!

Racine also made up his own imagination to tell how happy the Chinese are. The beggars there can easily get alms. The peasants there only had to pay a small amount of taxes. The craftsmen there did not have to bear heavy labor...... Everything made the eyes of the anti-thief leaders shine.

Just then, a small boat docked.

The messenger of the governor of Tsaritsyn, Andrei Onkovsky, saw Rashin and said: "I have heard of your name, you have plundered the Volga for many years. The Governor asked you to make a price, how much money you need to not go to Tsaritsyn (Volgograd). ”

"Want to buy me?" Rashin sneered, "Go back and tell your governor-general that I just passed through Tsaritsyn and that I will kill all the way to Moscow." If he dares to intervene, I will go and surround Tsaritsyn! ! ”

The rebels collected more boats along the way, swaggered close to Tsaritsyn, and even rowed past the city, but the governor really pretended not to see it.

Along the way, many poor people came to take refuge, and by the time they arrived in Tsaritsyn, the rebel army had numbered more than 10,000, and many of them were not Slavs.

How dare the hundreds of defenders in the castle come out to fight?

After Tsaritsyn, they did not have enough food, and decided to divide their forces to plunder, and the Cossacks and Bashkirs fought separately. Only when the large army is separated, the looted food will be enough to eat.

Razin led his army along the tributaries to the northwest, and that direction was to Moscow.

The Bashkir rebel army, continuing north along the Volga River, went to plunder the Moscow towns along the river.

Racine officially raised the slogan of the uprising: everyone is equal, everyone has land, and kill all boyars, large landowners and officials.

Along the way, Racine was emancipating serfs.

But he didn't find a base to develop with peace of mind, but was like Li Zicheng. Countless serfs willingly followed him, because life could not go on for a long time.

While plundering Voronezh, Rashin met a group of political prisoners, to whom he said: "I do not force you to join me, but anyone who follows me will become a free Cossack." I only want to bring down the boyar nobles and landlords, and as for the poor people, I will treat them like brothers! By the way, you should all be literate, and I have a book for you. ”

The Russian version of the Datong Collection was handed over, and a political prisoner was in charge of reading it.

By the second chapter alone, most of the political prisoners were panicked and frightened. Because they were all from aristocratic backgrounds, they were exiled after losing the political struggle, and they had a natural fear of fighting local tyrants and dividing the land.

But soon some people were moved, they were already on the way to exile, and their family was already finished.

They have nothing, and they are still afraid of a hammer?

With the exception of a few who decided to leave, most of the political prisoners showed their willingness to rebel with Racine.

But these guys, including Racine, lacked a clear program of rebellion. They also had illusions about the Tsar, and they only wanted to kill Moscow, force the Tsar to appease himself, and then they could get a piece of territory to live. This kind of thing happened often in Russia, and many Cossacks were edicted, because the tsar was simply unable to put down the rebellion.

However, it is absolutely impossible for Racine to be edicted.

Because the direct cause of this uprising was that he robbed the official ship of the Tsarist Ministry of Finance! The official ships were accompanied by the fleets of the great nobles and wealthy merchants, which aroused the anger of the Moscow aristocracy.

After advancing more than a hundred miles to Moscow, Racine finally met the troops sent by the Tsar.

The shooting army that serves as the main force is all like goods.

The real main force, but it was the aristocratic army and the Cossacks. The Cossacks also had many forces, among which there were those who were willing to be lackeys for the nobles.

Fighting broke out between the two sides by the river, and the officers and soldiers were better armed, but the morale of the rebels was high. The rebels only suffered a few hundred casualties, then routed the officers and troops, and marched all the way to continue the march.

But with hundreds of miles to go, Racin flinched again.

He was still afraid of the Tsar and knew that Moscow would not be able to take it. The group of political prisoners who had taken refuge in Racine also began to behave as opportunistic and weak, encouraging Racine to change direction and plunder. As long as you can destroy more towns and plunder more big landlords, you can inflict huge losses on Tsarist Russia, and you can also force the tsar to come to Zhao'an.

So Racine changed the direction of his march and fought all the way down the river. Moreover, he could not afford to raise so many soldiers by plundering, and when he met a new serf, he gave him some money and food and sent it away, and then robbed the nobles and the rich everywhere.

The tsar finally had time to gather more troops and send tens of thousands of troops to suppress them.

Racine made another stunning, splitting his troops into tens, plundering in all directions. It not only made it difficult for the Tsar's army to pursue, but also caused more damage and forced the Tsar to carry out Zhao'an.

I read the book "Datong Collection" in vain......

However, as the Racine rebels swept across the country, the ideas in the "Datong Collection" spread.

In particular, a few political prisoners quietly copied some of them and carried them with them during the escape, which was tantamount to preserving the seeds of revolutionary ideas.

While Racine was wandering around, the fortified fortress was knocked down by the Turghuts.

To be precise, it was not fought, but the defenders themselves rebelled.

In this case, Racine also encountered a lot, there were many fortified cities along the way, and the city gates were opened as soon as the rebels arrived, and the defenders directly joined the uprising team.