Every autumn, it is not only a day to hunt on horseback, but also a time for Zhao Han to communicate with the scholars of the Qintian Academy.

In the past two years, it has gradually become a routine: spring outings, the emperor and civil officials, scholars of the Hanlin Academy, go out to enjoy the scenery in spring and sing poems. In autumn, the emperor and the generals and scholars of the Qintian Academy rode horses to hunt and talk about science.

Of course, whether it is a spring outing or an autumn safari, everyone can participate, and there are no strict requirements.

Ji Beike has already known all the concubines, and compared with the emperors of previous dynasties, Zhao Han's harem is very small. Don't say anything about the infatuation of Emperor Guangwu, Emperor Wen of Sui, and Ming Xiaozong, and don't say that a certain emperor favors one person, how many concubines should they have.

Although Emperor Wen of Sui was afraid of his wife, the favorite concubines recorded in the history books included Concubine Zhang, Concubine Cao Ling, Concubine Han Yi, Concubine Wang Guifei, Concubine Wei, etc., and there were many concubines who were not recorded in the history books.

Therefore, although the number of Zhao Han's concubines was eleven, the hundred officials unanimously believed that the emperor was not a woman.

Jibeko's car, followed by the Korean concubine, and she is now at the bottom of the ranking. But everyone knows that the emperor spoils her very much, after all, she is young and beautiful. For example, Empress Fei Rulan is over fifty years old, although the emperor often goes to Kunning Palace, but the time to stay is getting less and less.

After that, it was the car of the prince and the princess, and the prince and princess had already canonized eight people. Except for King Jin in India and King Han serving in the navy, the rest of the princes brought their princesses to participate in the autumn hunt.

The team of generals is further behind, and a group of people from Long Xungui are talking and laughing on horseback. But there are also a few people who are sick and bedridden, after all, they are old, and when they were young, they were still fighting everywhere, and it is estimated that two or three will die of illness in a few years.

There are also some civil officials who like to hunt on horseback, and they mingle with the generals.

At the end are the scholars of Qintian Academy, dozens of people with bachelor's degrees and above, and many graduate students who came to join in the fun.

The guards of the imperial city walked in the front and rear of the procession, and when the official autumn tour team passed, the rich and noble families in the capital quickly followed. They are not eligible to enter the royal horse farm and hunting grounds, but they can play in Xuanwu Lake, not only can enjoy the beautiful autumn scenery, but also are not far from the emperor.

Of course, the scholars of the Painting and Calligraphy Museum of the Hanlin Academy also came here today to specialize in painting the emperor's autumn hunting picture.

Everyone went to the racecourse to play first, and the royal family sat alone, and after watching a polo game, it was basically lunchtime.

In addition to the normal meal, I saw the palace maids and the guards, who brought many jars of porcelain, and the mouth of the bottle was also plugged by a cork.

Zhao Han said with a smile: "This thing is called canned food, and it was developed by the military food factory, and the navy and maritime merchants can carry it on board, which can prevent and treat scurvy." Everyone, come and have a taste. ”

Everyone was surprised, but not surprised, because the emperor always came up with something new.

I saw that the guards first removed the sealing wax, then pulled the cork off, poured the food inside into the cauldron, and then put it into the bowl and divide it.

Fei Ruhe took a bite of spinach, and the taste was really bad, far inferior to fresh spinach.

Another bite of the pork, it's still the same ghost.

But the emperor made a new gadget, and the ministers had to give face, and they praised the canned food as particularly delicious.

General Fubo Gu Jianshan couldn't help but smile and said: "It's a hell of a delicious taste, canned food is specially eaten for the navy when it is going to the ocean." With this thing, no matter how far you sail, you won't get scurvy. Moreover, it can also be packed in a porcelain bottle, and after the voyage, half of the empty porcelain bottle will be sold on the spot, and half of the empty porcelain bottle will be re-boiled and canned for returning to the flight. ”

"Wonderful," said Fei Ruhe, "it's a pity that the porcelain vase is too heavy for a land march." If it can be made in an iron box, a lot of canned food can be made for army rations in the future. ”

Zhang Tieniu said: "Yes, yes, he marched with tens of thousands of catties of canned food, and he didn't need to make a pot to cook rice halfway." Biscuits like mince cakes, eating one or two pieces are quite fragrant, and after eating them for a few days, I want to vomit when I see them. ”

Yang Shuang, a master of Qintian Academy, said: "I have also had the honor to participate in the research and development of this canned food. His Majesty's original intention was to use an iron box to pack it, but he tried many ways, but he couldn't completely seal it. Tin canned food is the longest, and it will rot in less than a month, and most of them will spoil in less than ten days. ”

Zhao Han also had people experiment with glass cans, but they could only use cork. Small glass cans and caps, in fact, contain high technology, the current steam engine can be supplemented by manual construction, but the cost is high, the efficiency is low, far less practical than the cork.

In the end, the cans were still made of porcelain bottles, sealed with cork, and then poured with a layer of wax to seal them twice.

First, the porcelain bottle is resistant to high temperatures, and when cooking canned food, it is not as easy to break as glass.

Second, the current role of canned food is to provide to ocean-going vessels. The ocean-going fleet must engage in trade, and porcelain is a must-carry commodity. It is perfectly possible to make a kind of porcelain vase can, eat the contents halfway, and sell the rest of the porcelain vase when you dock.

Porcelain needs to be packed layer by layer to prevent it from breaking when the sea is bumpy and broken.

If you use glass bottles for cans, you also have to pack them layer by layer, which takes up too much space in the cabin. Switching to a tradable porcelain bottle saves a lot of space and allows the cargo hold to hold both goods and food.

It is equivalent to the crew eating the canned food, and then selling the canned food and bottles to foreign veters.

Of course, if the voyage is too long, it is generally necessary to leave half of the porcelain bottle, boil the food into cans, and bring it back when you return.

The Americas route is the most suitable, and when you go there, you can't replenish your supplies, so you can eat canned food to supplement your vitamins. On the way home, you can resupply in Hawaii, no need for canned food, and sell all the porcelain bottles to maximize profits.

Zhao Han smiled: "I remember that your surname is Yang, since you have participated in the development of canned food, I can tell you what the principle is." ”

Yang Shuang stood up and said, "Through the microscope, many creatures that are invisible to the naked eye can be observed. We have observed the spoilage process of fruits, rice, broth, vegetables, and it may be that the microscope magnification is not enough, and we can only see many small dots. We suspect that those dots are also some kind of organism that causes the spoilage of food. ”

The generals have become accustomed to it, and in the past two or three years of autumn hunting, the emperor likes to bring the Qintianyuan with him, and he always has to make some strange remarks.

Due to the magnification limitation of the microscope, although the Chintenin Temple can observe bacteria, it can only see many small black dots. They regarded bacteria and tardigrades as the same kind, thinking that they were both small bugs, and Zhao Han could not forcibly explain, only saying that those black spots were so tiny that they might not be the same kind of creatures as tardigrades.

Doctors look at the germs with a microscope, and again, they can only see small black dots. Then, according to the macroscopic distinction of these black spots, they are completely blind to what kind of pests (germs) are, and often confuse several germs together.

The magnification of the microscope needs to be improved urgently!

As for how to improve, Zhao Han doesn't know at all, maybe it will take another hundred years to develop.

Yang Shuang continued: "We call this fine microorganism a microorganism. There are microorganisms everywhere in the air, in clean water, which can be killed by boiling and heating. Therefore, put the food in a porcelain bottle, cork it well, boil it over high heat to kill insects, and then pour wax to completely isolate the air, so that the food can be preserved for a long time. ”

"Good!" Zhao Han smiled and applauded.

The royal family, palace maids, guards, military generals, civil officials, and scholars who were eating all applauded with the emperor. Due to the large number of people at the scene, those who were far away didn't know what they were talking about, but when they saw that everyone was applauding, they also clapped wildly.

Zhao Han let everyone continue to eat, and asked casually, "How is the rubber experiment?" ”

Li Quan brought back not only rubber saplings and seeds, but also some natural rubber latex that had solidified.

Huangfu Jun, who was in charge of researching rubber, was eating at the next table at this time, and hurriedly put down his fast son and stood up: "Back to Your Majesty, when it was transported from the Americas to Nanjing, those latex have already solidified, and the ministers have never seen liquid rubber milk." Therefore, only solid rubber can be studied. When the temperature is high, the rubber will soften. When the temperature is low, the rubber will harden. If the rubber is heated at high temperatures many times, the rubber will deteriorate thoroughly and even lose its elasticity. ”

"That's all?" Zhao Han was a little dissatisfied.

Huangfu Jun said helplessly: "Your Majesty, the ministers hope to study the rubber that has not yet solidified, and those that have solidified can only do cold and hot experiments." ”

Zhao Han understood this and said: "The rubber trees in Luzon and Coconut City should be able to tap rubber in two or three years." Sign up for yourself and set up a research institute in Luzon that specializes in the formulation and use of rubber. I went to Luzon, and the money remained the same, but there was an additional allowance. ”

"Yes, the minister would like to go to Luzon." Huangfu Jun actually didn't want to go, but he had to give face to Emperor Zhao. He is the person in charge of the rubber project, and if he doesn't go, he has to go, otherwise he will inevitably disappoint the emperor.

Natural rubber has serious defects, so let's say that it is smeared on the cloth to make a tarpaulin. When the temperature drops suddenly, the rubber becomes less elastic and even brittle. After being exposed to the sun, it will be seriously aged, and it will not be able to be used after a few more sunbaths.

In addition, it is not resistant to friction and cannot be made into tires.

The scholars in charge of the rubber project have already drawn up experimental plans.

The method is very rude, that is, various items are mixed in latex and stirred, and then the results of each experiment are recorded. There are always one or two things that can react with latex, and after a lot of trial and error, you can try the right formula.

Zhao Han suddenly asked again: "What about electricity?" ”

A scholar named Peng Renhu stood up: "Your Majesty, we killed a little chick with electricity. ”

"Oh, tell me about it." Zhao Han suddenly became interested.

Peng Renhu said: "In the past, tortoiseshell, amber and the like were used to generate electricity, which was expensive and very inconvenient. Five years ago, the mayor of Magdeburg, Germany, Europe, invented the electrostatic generator ......"

"Wait," Zhao Han asked, "Mayor Ma Debao?" What does he have to do with the Magdeburg hemispheric experiment? ”

Peng Renhu was surprised: "Your Majesty has a lot of opportunities, and you actually know about the Magdeburg hemisphere experiment. This experiment was done by the mayor 11 years ago. ”

The Chin Tien Academy has a fund dedicated to ordering European academic papers.

Merchants from the Netherlands, France, England and other countries would collect the latest academic papers from Europe, and when they went to Coconut City to trade, they would sell them to the Governor at a high price, and the Governor of Coconut City would send the papers to Nanjing.

Peng Renhu said: "The electrostatic generator is like this, adding sulfur to the glass bottle, and the glass bottle is continuously heated. Once the sulphur has melted, continue to add sulphur until the glass jar is filled. And before the sulfur solidifies, insert a wooden handle. Once the glass bottle has cooled, it is smashed to obtain a sulfur ball with a wooden handle. ”

"This ball has a positive electrode at one end and a negative electrode at the other end, which is more suitable for experiments than tortoiseshell and amber."

However, the mayor's generator can only attract confetti and hair. We made an improvement by making the sulfur ball into a larger cylinder, and then using a foot machine to make the sulfur cylinder rotate at high speed, and by rubbing the silk, static electricity was generated. The sulfur cylinder can store static electricity, and the power of electricity is very great, and it directly electrocuts a chick. ”

How powerful is static electricity?

Zhao Han had no relevant concept at all, and even the electromagnetic induction experiment, he couldn't remember it all, so he only reminded: "You can use copper wire to wrap around and move back and forth between two repulsive magnets." I don't know exactly how to do it, but I always feel that magnetism is related to electricity. ”

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