It was almost eleven o'clock, the old lady took him to the site and the purpose, and finally Xu Le and the old man asked for the mailing address and the phone number of the brigade, and told the old man that he still had to go to Qijiaping and Majiayao to see, the old man reluctantly let Xu Le go, Xu Le also wanted to stay longer, but there was no way, he had to read the two to finish!

Qijia Cultural Museum, in Guanghe County, more than 20 kilometers away from Xindian, Xu Le stepped on the thick snow, no one walked in the mountains, only some small beasts and pheasants and other east houses, Xu Le took the Guan Mu and knocked on the trees from time to time, all the way are primeval forests, with the rolling wood gas into the body, Xu Le felt that the liver was becoming more and more active, although the individual absorption is not large, but the number is large, and it is very old!

After crossing the top of the mountain, I came to the door of the museum, saying that it was a museum and not a grocery store, but it was still charged, and Xu Le paid two yuan! The small place, that is, three or four hundred square meters, concentrates on some of the ruins in the surrounding area, many of which are restored, patchwork together, and the middle is all white ash, Xu Le looks very beautiful!

He found the appearance of a staff member, gave five yuan, and asked the middle-aged man to tell him, under the magic of money, this man arrived, "Qijia culture is a late Neolithic culture centered on Yongzhou, and has entered the stage of copper and stone use, and its name comes from its main site, Qijiaping site in Guanghe County, Yongzhou. It is an important archaeological culture of the Early Bronze Age distributed in the Hexi Corridor area. The Qijiaping site was discovered by archaeologist Andersen. Spanning from about 2,200 BC to 1600 BC, it is an archaeological culture of special value in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and an important source of Chinese civilization. ”

When Xu Le heard that it was mainly distributed in the east of Yongzhou to the west to Zhangye and Xihai Lake, within nearly 1,000 kilometers from east to west, spanning Yongzhou, Ninghui, Xihai, Mombasai and other provinces and regions, he couldn't help but look at a map on the wall, thinking about the road map of transmission, looking at the rivers and mountains, and thinking about the path of the ancestors, he was really emotional!

Qijia culture is derived from Majiayao culture and Changshan lower culture, Majiayao culture and Changshan lower culture are both developed from Yangshao culture temple ditch type, which is one of the sources of Siwa culture and Cayo culture. This fully proves that the exchange of culture and civilization is constantly influencing each other, and Xu Le now judges that it is likely that the indigenous peoples and the Western peoples are constantly blending, but the civilization and culture together are more influenced by the east, and this place is one of the intersection of Eastern and Western civilizations as a whole, which may be far earlier than the exchange of the Silk Road!

Xu Le feels that there is nothing wrong with his thesis, just the interaction between the civilizations of Huaxia and the east of Aiji is enough to show that his judgment is correct, there is no need to be overly entangled in who the first ancestor of mankind is, let the past be attributed to academics, and the future will be attributed to reality, his current academic thoughts are becoming clearer and clearer!

Looking at those large and small pottery, although it is re-pieced, but the lines are still there, very beautiful, indicating that the craft at that time was very developed, and red copper products were also found here, reflecting the improvement of the level of productivity at that time, and laying the foundation for the development of bronze culture later.

Looking at the schematic drawings of those restored houses, most of them are semi-crypt buildings, and the living rooms are covered with a layer of white plaster, which is both solid and beautiful, and moisture-proof.

The pottery industry is developed, and the double-eared jars, high-necked folded shoulder jars and perforated beans are typical utensils. There has been a copper smelting industry, and there are copper knives, cones, mirrors, finger rings and other small red bronze or bronze ware. Most of the houses are square or rectangular semi-crypt buildings, and the floor of the house is coated with a layer of white plaster, which is smooth and solid. Clan public cemeteries are often located near residential areas, and rectangular earthen pit tombs are popular, with single burials and joint burials, with pottery and pig mandibles as burial goods. There are adult male and female burial tombs of one man and one woman, or one man and two women, in which the male is lying on his back and straight, and the female is bent sideways to face the man. This shows that men were dominant in society at that time, and women were reduced to subordination.

Xu Le looked at the introduction of these tombs, imagining that the ancient society entered the era of matrilineal clans from matrilineal clans, and the status of women began to decline, engaged in some auxiliary affairs, and in this process, the demand for ornaments continued to increase, including large-scale jade synthesis, jade mirrors, etc., all verified that aesthetics began to change!

There are many animal bones here to indicate that domestic animals began to develop on a large scale, this is a typical nomadic people, it should be said that they live by water, but they constantly change their position throughout the year, basically passing between several places!

Xu Le saw the introduction, Mr. Gu Da has been here, and he was a little puzzled, since your old man is here, why do you have to be suspicious, why can't you study it well, it's a bit inexplicable!

Then, continuing to listen to the man's introduction, Xu Le nodded frequently, the power of money is infinite, I can't say how beautiful and beautiful it is, but at least it is very detailed, so that Xu Le has gained a lot from it, and also let him touch it from time to time, feel it!

Xu Le looked at all this, and couldn't help but think of a question, where did the ancestors who infiltrated this Majiayao culture, Qijia culture, and Xindian culture belong to?

Is this the origin or is it really as early as 5,000 years ago during the Yellow Emperor period, the two emperors fought a war, and then the Yellow Emperor abolished the Yan Emperor, and as a result, the Yan Emperor tribe was defeated and fled west. Emperor Yan's surname is Jiang, and in ancient times, Qiang Jiang was not distinguished, is this the origin of the Qiang people?

Or the Qiang tribe that came first, but it's not right, it's not right at this time, it must have been beaten, and by the way, it came with the civilization in the east, and finally embarked on the road of animal husbandry, Xu Le shook his head and kept thinking about this problem!

As long as it is a period of 4,000 years, it can basically be identified as a late-onset phenomenon, which is certain! There is also a possibility that this statement can also be identified, that is, Xu Le translated some of Qin Xueli's articles yesterday, which have some text explanations, during the matrilineal clan period, people mostly used ginger, which symbolized that it was women who were in power, and when it came to the patrilineal society, men were in power, so they naturally used "son", and Qiang appeared. A further explanation is that Jiang and Qiang are people wearing sheep's horn headdresses in the oracle bone inscriptions, and it is clear that they were primitive nomadic tribes who used sheep as their totems.

Xu Le listened to the introduction and said, "The initiator of Chinese civilization in the West is Anderson, he believes that the Qijia culture is earlier than the Yangshao culture, and the Qijia culture has the shadow of Western civilization, so it is liked by the West, but Mr. Xia Dading has two pieces of pottery in the Yangshao period of the Qijia cultural site in Yangwa Bay, Ningding County, according to the principle of archaeological stratigraphy, it is impossible to appear in the early strata of the late relics, this discovery makes the chronological sequence of Yangshao culture and Qijia culture have ironclad stratigraphic evidence. This discovery completely broke Andersen's view, and "Chinese culture in the West" lost its archaeological roots.

Xu Le couldn't help but smile, and then took a closer look at the "first copper knife in China", which was found in the ruins of Majiayao, the copper knife took the stone knife and the bone knife, and the productivity was greatly improved, Xu Le looked at this copper knife and thought about whether this had anything to do with Erlitou, especially when he saw those jades again, from Liangzhu in the east to Hongshan in the north and then here, the Central Plains actually produced jade in one place, and there was no turquoise, most of the turquoise was in the west. Does that mean that a large number of turquoise stones in the Xia and Shang dynasties came from here?

Xu Le looked at the replicas of the round carved jade statues, the shape is exquisite, the jade is transparent, and the men and women are different, simple and vivid, and some statues have multiple turquoise embedded in various organ parts. Such statues may have been made as objects of worship, is this a worship of the gods or an early Chinese patriarchal concept? Is it a kind of worship and respect for ancestors, and using precious jade materials to make ancestor statues may be a kind of reverence for ancestors?

Xu Le was a little puzzled, and then was taken by the middle-aged man to the side of the ruins pit to take a look, it was better than the Xindian, but there was nothing left, no one took care of it, and he looked very helpless!

Subsequently, Xu Le thanked the man and went directly to the site of the Lintao Majia kiln!

At two o'clock in the afternoon, Xu Le arrived at the county seat of Lintao, ate five or six bowls of ramen, authentic, asked for a lot of beef, and then hurried away, before three o'clock to the site of Majiayao, east of the Tao River.

This is the birthplace of the famous Majiayao culture, and it is also done by Anderson, and a lot of complete painted pottery has been taken away, all of which are treasures of China.

Xu Le understands now, nothing is as good as money, he directly found someone to give five yuan, there is a man over there, and he took Xu Le around, there is nothing here, in fact, there are museums in Qijiaping just now, mainly to feel the situation on the scene!

The male comrade told Xu Le about the house, purpose, pottery and other things, analyzed the differences between the author's Majiayao site and the ruins of Banshan, Machang and Shilingxia, and also roughly introduced the differences between Dongxiang Linjia, Lintao Majiayao, Guanghe Dibaping, as well as Qinggangcha, Huazhaizi, Tugutai, Baidaogouping and Yongchang Mandarin Duck Pond and Xihai Ledu Liuwan in Lanzhou, and finally concluded that from the perspective of stratigraphic stacking, the chronological order of the various types of Majiayao culture is: Shilingxia type - Majiayao type - Banshan type - Machang type.

The most important thing is that this man showed Xu Le two photos, a photo of a scepter and a photo of a god-man pattern painted pottery pot, Xu Le was stunned, the scepter is generally in the West, how can it be here, the man said that it was unearthed locally, but now it has been brought to the Jincheng Museum, Xu Le feels that this is indeed a cultural exchange place!

But the god pattern shocked Xu Le very much, he felt as if six people were praying hand in hand, as if they were talking about their respective powers running through and flying upward, he suddenly thought that this was not a kind of cultivation exercise? When I asked the man where this thing was now, the man said that it had been included in the first-class cultural relics collection!

Xu Le nodded!

In the end, Xu Le went to Siwa again, purely for the sake of the people, that is, he came to take a walk, and he was as depressed as Xindian!

Subsequently, Xu Le ran all the way to the temple, in the dense forest in the mountains, the snow was big and looked at the road from time to time, and finally at eight o'clock in the evening, Xu Le felt that in the town of the temple, he casually found a small hotel to live in, and took a bath first!

Then I went down there and ate a few bowls of beef noodles, went back to my room and started writing!

Yongzhou is known as the "Silk Road Confucius", the "golden section" of the Silk Road, and the intersection of Eastern and Western civilizations. From the painted pottery culture of the Neolithic Age, the pre-Zhou and early Qin cultures, the Hexi culture of the Wei and Jin dynasties, to the Silk Road culture of the Han and Tang dynasties, and the multi-ethnic culture of the Song, Liaoxia, Jin and Yuan dynasties, the colorful regional civilization of Yongzhou has been interpreted. For thousands of years, the East and the West, the economy and culture have exchanged and interacted with each other in this narrow geographical space, and different ethnic groups have migrated and flowed here, blended and coexisted, and finally formed a thick and unique regional history and culture.

The origin of Chinese civilization has gone through a process from pluralism to unity. Located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the Dadiwan culture and many prehistoric Neolithic cultures such as Peiligang culture, Cishan culture, Hemudu culture, and Liangzhu culture developed in parallel, competed and shined, and influenced each other, collided and fused, forming a splendid early Chinese culture.

Majiayao culture is the late Neolithic culture in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the pottery industry here is very developed, and its painted pottery inherits the hearty style of the Yangshao culture temple ditch type, but the performance is more fine, and most of the pottery is formed by the clay strip plate construction method, and the surface of the vessel is polished delicately. The development of faience is a significant feature of Majiayao culture, which has a brilliant faience culture, reaching the pinnacle of the world's ancient faience history.

The Qijia culture is a late Neolithic culture centered on Yongzhou, and has entered the stage of copper and stone use, and its name comes from its main site, the Qijiaping site in Guanghe County, Yongzhou. It is an important archaeological culture of the Early Bronze Age distributed in the Hexi Corridor area.

The scepter here should also have the possibility of civilized interaction, etc., Xu Le keeps expanding!

Later, Xu Le started the writing of the second article "Xia Yi Successively Said", human beings are animals that love to migrate, and the history of mankind is the history of migration. Every nation or country is made up of different immigrants.

The so-called indigenous people, as opposed to the newcomers, are early immigrants. The Native American Indians, as opposed to the Tazhou, were the first Asian immigrants. In contrast to Xia, Yi is an indigenous East Asian species. Inspired by Mr. Fu's Sinian's "Xia Yi's Theory of East and West" and Wang Xiantang's "Examination of Yanhuang Clan Culture", and with reference to Braudel's long period and Wallenstein's concept of the world system, he specially proposed "Xia Yi's successive theory".

Historical records or legends show that before the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, East Asia was a barbaric land, and the father and son of Dayu established the Xia Dynasty in the Yi before the East Yi and the West were divided. Archaeological excavations and studies have shown that there was no distinction between nomadism and agriculture in East Asia before the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, and it was Yi who created the Neolithic settled agricultural culture in East Asia, and Xia or Rongdi introduced the Bronze Age nomadic culture. Physical anthropological studies have shown that the Yi is of the race, possibly from South Asia, and some of the Xia or Rongdi Indo-European races, from Central Asia. Linguistic studies have shown that Chinese, Korean, and Japanese are typical mixed languages: Yi or Sino-Australian is the bottom, and Xia or Indo-European is the surface. It was the combination and transformation of Xia Yi that created the history of China and formed a unique East Asian cultural tradition.

Xia Yi is not only divided into things but also has a difference in order. It was razed as an indigenous person of East Asia and created a settled agricultural culture in the Neolithic period of East Asia; The Xia people came west and spread the nomadic culture of the Bronze Age. The history of the Han nationality is the history of the combination of Xia and Yi, and the Han people, Chinese language, and Han culture are all the result of the mixture of Xia Yi, as are the sticks, dog days, Xiongnu or Mongolians. The Xia Yi transformation is a key point in the ancient history of East Asia. In the history of mankind, it has happened from time to time, and it is common to forget one's ancestors. Xia Yi successively resolved the contradiction between the theory of the local origin of East Asian civilization and the theory of foreign transmission, which is not indispensable for understanding the formation of East Asian peoples and cultures and the history of East Asia.

Xu Le continued to discuss from many aspects, and finally wrote nearly 5,000 words, and finally finished writing!

But then he put these two articles into "Why Huaxia" and his own papers, and filled them in, whether it was a book or a thesis, it was more rigorous!

After Xu Le put the computer away, he stood at the window and looked at the La Temple in the wall not far away, and shook his fist!

"I'm sorry, the first knife started with you"!