613. Dressed in clothes, Ma Jiabang
At about half past seven, everyone entered the territory of Qiantang, and after a while, it was the service station, Xu Le's car was in the first, and he turned into it directly, and the four cars behind him arrived, and after everyone got out of the car, even Xu Le laughed!
Guang Yiran walked over to Xu Le's father, "Xiaole saved me, since he called me uncle, then we are brothers, you are my brother, don't just be the boss in the future, just call me by my name, I will call you and sister-in-law like this in the future", Xu Le's parents also smiled, looked at Xu Le, Xu Le nodded!
"I know you don't lack anything, I'm going to go to Xiangjiang next year, anyway, as long as you go to Xiangjiang, you have to call me when you go abroad, I don't care about Xu Le, it's all my arrangement anyway!"
The bold energy of light is back, and Xu Le also smiled!
"Xiaole, the matter of the foundation that my dad said, you'd better not enter, I'll go in with 50 million in the afternoon, do your own, it's good, it's standardized"! Guang Yiran directly demolished Lao Tzu for him, Xu Le agreed very much, and Qing Ning nodded!
Yingzi and Ah Zhong bought all the things sold in this service area, and there was a steady stream of zongzi, Xu Le ate seven or eight kinds of fillings, meat, dates, bean paste, pork ribs, eggs, and then Qingtuanzi, Xiaoyi shouted, "Mom, it's delicious"!
She also asked Eminem, "Eminem, is it delicious?"
Eminem's Mandarin is becoming more and more standard now, nodding, "It's really delicious"!
Xu Le had to eat almost forty or fifty, and after eating, he looked at Guang Yiran, "Uncle Guang, you are practicing the foundation of Wen County, right?"
Guang was stunned for a moment, and suddenly the two eyes looked at Xu Le and nodded, Xu Le knew, "Let's talk about it when you get to a quiet place, you have nothing to do and turn around the Buddha beads"!
Guang Yiran shouted at Xu Le and said that he knew!
"In addition, I suggest that you don't wait for the year after tomorrow, if you have time, it's best to go over next month to have a look, some opportunities are still good, however, my family is not in charge of this", Xu Le pointed at Qingning, "You have time to ask Qingning, she knows better"!
"Yes, Uncle Guang, my sister-in-law is one inside and one outside, my brother is a shopkeeper, and he can't do anything except be able to read", Xiaoyi couldn't stop eating things, everyone laughed, Qingning and Zhuoma blushed and glared at Xiaoyi, Xu Le's mother nodded Xiaoyi's head, "You can't stop your mouth when you eat"!
Xiaoyi said reluctantly, "That's right, my parents also have to listen to my sister-in-law", Qingning said to Xu Le's parents, "Mom, I'll clean up my little thoughts when I go back, you two elders are not allowed to care"!
Xu Le's parents nodded with a smile, and when they saw Xiaoyi, they immediately wiped their hands and hugged Qingning and Zhuoma's necks, "Sister-in-law, I listen to the two of you the most, don't I?"
Everyone laughed, Zhuoma came and said, "You eat quickly", and Xiaoyi ate again!
Xu Le looked back in the direction of the magic capital, where the sun was already shining, and he was in a good mood, and the phone rang!
Xu Le stepped aside, "Brother-in-law, what's the situation?"
"Xiaole, the old man is going to eat by himself", the little brother-in-law cried while talking, Xu Le smiled, "Well, I know"!
"Also, the work has been suspended over there, and there is also news from the Xiangjiang side, and now there are almost a dozen or so families here who have jointly gone up to stop work, and this matter must be explained"!
Xu Le nodded, in a better mood!
"Xiaole, how much is the price of this virtual master"? He laughed again as he spoke, and as soon as he finished speaking, Xu Le heard someone shouting over there, it was the voice of the godmother, "Is it Xiaole"?
Then the phone was snatched up, "Xiaole, your grandfather drinks porridge by himself", the godmother cried and said, Xu Le hurriedly said, "Mother, it's a good thing, what are you crying about, okay, wait for me to go back, you tell my sister-in-law, this matter is not in a hurry, you have to continue to make trouble, the conditions are not enough"!
"Well, okay, I see, you guys pay attention to yourself outside, when will you come back"?
"Go back on the fifteenth", Xu Le said, "Okay, then I'll hang up first"!
Xu Le turned around and walked back, looked at the way Xiaobai ate Bei'erxiang, kicked it twice, Xiaobai didn't pay attention to him, knowing that he would be in a good mood!
Xu Le walked behind Qingning and Zhuoma, squatted down in the back, the two of them sat on the chair and looked back at him, Xu Le whispered, "When will they come over?"
As soon as Dolma heard that something was wrong, "Why don't you let them come over early"?
Xu Le nodded, "You can order a plane for them on the 21st, the 22nd will arrive, and then the 24th will gather together, and we will go to Xiangjiang on the 26th!"
He then stood up, "Brother, I'm going too"!
Xu Le's mother patted her thoughts, "You have to go anywhere, do your studies first"!
Xiao Yi pouted, "I'll finish four years of study in one year"!
"I'll go for two or three days this time, if there's something, I have to go and see the house that your sister-in-law bought over there", Xu Le said, and when Guang Yiran heard it, he hurriedly asked, "Where did you buy it?"
Qing Ning said, "That murderous house in Taiping Mountain"!
"Huh?" Xu Le's parents, Xiaoyi, Eminem, and Grandma Guan were startled, and Guang Yiran was also stunned, and then reacted, Xu Le should be fine, he can hold it!
"Big brother, sister-in-law, girl, let's be together", Guang Yiran said with a smile, and said to everyone, "Go, I'm in charge of the trip, the most important thing is that my house is also in that area, but it's not as big as that house, it's enough to live, they are busy with theirs, let's play our own, and we will finish walking around Xiangjiang in three days, and go to Ocean Park, Disneyland, and Victoria Harbour"!
Xiaoyi was happy when he heard it, Xu Le thought about it, and nodded, he glanced at Grandpa Guan, "Grandpa Guan, Grandma Guan, you should also go together, go on the 26th, come back on the 29th, Xiaoyi reported on the 31st, it's over, I'll accompany you to the Northeast"!
Grandma Guan smiled and nodded!
Then everyone set off and went straight to the Majiabang site!
Xu Le's only regret is that he didn't go to Maqiao to have a look, but he doesn't want to cause trouble, and Maqiao is not representative, but it's okay!
It took an hour to arrive at the Majiabang ruins, and Xu Le didn't look for anyone, just bought a ticket and found an old tour guide to explain to everyone!
Majiabang culture is a Neolithic culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, mainly distributed in the Taihu Lake area, south to the north bank of the Qiantang River, northwest to Changzhou. According to the radiocarbon dating and correction, the age began in about 5000 B.C., more than 7000 years ago, and developed into the Songze culture around 4000 B.C.
The discovery and establishment of the Majiabang culture and its subsequent Songze culture and Liangzhu culture show that the Neolithic culture in the Taihu Lake area has a long history, is self-contained, and has distinctive regional characteristics.
The tour guide told me that in the spring of 59 years, a large number of animal bones and ancient relics were found in the Majiabang place of Tiandaiqiao in Nanhu Township, Jiaxing, and the remains of houses and tombs were found. Everyone looked at the five probes, totaling two hundred and three square meters. The cultural layer under the topsoil layer is divided into two layers; The upper layer is mainly gray-black clay, and there are red clay layers and silt layers, up to 12-80 centimeters thick, including animal bones, stone adzes, stones, bone axes and pottery shards of various textures, as well as architectural remains; The lower layer is a black clay containing a large number of decaying fragments of animal bones, up to 15-75 centimeters thick, containing more animal bones than the previous layer, as well as bone tubes, bone awls, bone needles, bone axes, stone stones, and pottery shards. Tombs were found in the mud at the junction of the upper and lower floors, and 30 human skeletons were unearthed, six of which had burial goods next to them, production tools at the waist, ornaments at the head, and pottery in different positions. The unearthed artifacts include a perforated stone axe, two pottery beans, four pots, a basin, a spinning wheel, and two jade beads. Also found rectangular house remains, seven meters from north to south, three meters from east to west, the door faces east, there is a circle of pillar holes around the periphery, there are still remnants of wooden pillars, and some wooden pillar holes are placed on wooden boards at the bottom. The interior is made of processed yellow-green soil, and there are remnants of walls with traces of branches and reeds. Carbonized rounded water chestnut was also found in the lower culture layer, which is similar to Nanhu water chestnut.
Judging from the unearthed artifacts and relics, the polished stone tools in the production tools include perforated stone axes and arc-backed stone adzes; The main characteristics of the Majiabang culture period are the main characteristics of the Majiabang culture period, which is a cultural form different from the primitive culture of the Yellow River Basin.
Then the tour guide named this place for the disciples who talked about Xia Dading, and the famous archaeologist Mr. Su Zhizheng personally inspected and gave a high evaluation!
"Brother, it's your husband"! Xiaoyi said with a smile, the tour guide was startled, the two of them looked at Xu Le directly, Xu Le glared at Xiaoyi, Xiaoyi knew that he was wrong, blushing and sticking out his tongue!
"You are Deputy Xu"? The tour guide said in surprise, Xu Le nodded, and saw the person shouting inside, "Come on, Deputy Xu is here to visit"!
Xiaoyi knew that he was really wrong, and then Hula and a group of people ran out, and there were some tourists who were inexplicable.
"Hello, Deputy Xu, I am Li Changning, the head of the cultural protection station here, you are very welcome to visit, this is our honor", Xu Le hurriedly shook hands with everyone, "I am here to study this time, everyone, don't disturb everyone's work, thank you"!
"Deputy Xu, can you sign for us?"
"Deputy Xu, let's find a photo with us"?
Xiaoyi was called over by Xu Le's parents and said, Xiaoyi nodded, "Mom, I know it's wrong, don't say it, I won't say it again", the little girl was a little aggrieved, but who knew that my brother was so popular!
Xu Le had no choice but to sign for everyone, and then took some photos, this time it was the cultural protection station to introduce to everyone, more detailed, everyone looked at those objects and listened carefully!
The subsequent archaeological excavations of Tongxiang Luojiajiao site, Yuhang Wujiabu site, Changzhou Weidun site and other places strongly confirm the view that the Majiabang culture is the representative of the early Neolithic culture in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Taihu Lake Basin. In particular, the carbon-14 dating of the fourth layer of the Luojiajiao site dates back more than 7100 years to the present, and the leading creation in rice planting, weaving, pottery, and manufacturing handicrafts is undoubtedly a powerful correction to the view that the popular Majiabang culture at that time was developed from the Hemudu culture.
Now the ruins of the Majiabang culture have reached fifty or sixty points, and Xu Le looked at the introduction of these civilization characteristics: the prevalence of prostrate burial. Some of the deceased's skulls are covered with pottery, or the skulls are placed in a separate pottery, which is a special burial custom. The pottery is mainly red pottery, which is characterized by the clay pottery that is red and black or the surface is red and black, and is mostly plain, and often has red pottery clothes on the appearance, and the shape of the vessel is representative of the wide eaves kettle (or the waist kettle), the trumpet-shaped ring-foot bean, the pot of the ox-nose-shaped ear, and the conical foot tripod; Ornaments such as jade and jade were used, and this type of jade later became a traditional ornament in China.
I also looked at the scraps, only the shovel body remained, the two sides were flattened, and the blade was thin, which should be a digging tool. Stone knives are harvested in smaller quantities and are crudely made. The main crop is rice, and rice is found in the lower layer of the Straw Shoe Mountain and the Songze site, and there are two kinds of indica rice and japonica rice. I heard that the japonica rice unearthed in the third and fourth layers of Luojiajiao is dated to about 5000 BC, and it is the earliest japonica rice remains found in China. At the same time, indica rice was also found at the Luojiajiao site. From the analysis of the number and proportion of japonica and indica grains, the cultivation of indica rice was more developed than japonica rice at that time. At the same time, domestic animals such as pigs, dogs, and buffaloes are also raised. The fishing and hunting economy also occupies a relatively important position. Most of the bones found are willow-shaped. In the lower layers of Majiabang, Songze, Weidun and other sites, there are a large number of animal bones piled up. For example, the animal bones of Majiabang are piled up to twenty or thirty centimeters thick. The bones of wild animals in the polder have been identified, including sika deer, four dislikes, wild boars, roe deer, raccoon dogs, crab mongooses and birds, grass turtles, turtles, crucian carp, etc. Among them, the number of sika deer, four different and wild boar is larger. Wild peaches, pits of apricots and plums, and water chestnuts have also been found at some sites, which are examples of people's gathering activities.
The grinding technology of stone tools is high, and the tools are mainly (stone ben), and the body is thicker, and most of the foramen stone axes are tongue-shaped, and the body is also thicker. This kind of delicately polished phosphorus and axe should mainly be a tool for processing wood. The economy of gathering, fishing and hunting still occupies an important position in the production activities of the Majiabang clan tribe. Most of the bones found at each site are willow leaf-shaped, which are very sharp and sharp. Some sites have a large number of animal bones piled up, among which some animal bones at the Majiabang site are as thick as twenty or thirty centimeters. The inhabitants of the Majiabang culture also raised domestic animals such as pigs, dogs, and buffaloes; The development of handicraft production is unbalanced, the level of stone tool making technology and kudzu textile technology is relatively high, and the development of pottery industry is still in a relatively backward stage. The pottery found by archaeology includes kettles, tripods, beans, pots, urns, basins, bowls, cups, etc., and pottery furnaces, grates, and three-legged long-tailed bird-shaped pottery pots have also been unearthed. These pottery are all handmade, mainly sand-filled pottery, clay pottery is very little, the general pottery color is not very pure, the surface of the vessel is plain without decoration for the most, there is no colored pottery. Most of the pottery is not very hot. The emergence of the furnace grate is a major invention of Majiabang culture; The wide-eaves pottery kettle is a representative utensil of Majiabang culture. In handicraft production, jade manufacturing technology has developed rapidly, and many sites have found beautifully made jade, mainly jade blocks, jade rings, jade bracelets and other ornaments. The development of the jade industry during this period laid the foundation for the brilliant achievements of jade in the later Songze culture and Liangzhu culture.
Li Changning introduced to everyone that some people believe that Majiabang culture was developed from Hemudu culture. Those who hold this opinion define the third and fourth layers of the Hemudu site as the Hemudu culture, and the second layer belongs to the Majiabang culture, and believe that the two cultures have been inherited and developed successively by the stratigraphic overlap and the evolution of artifacts. Another opinion is that the first ~ fourth layers of the Hemudu site belong to the Hemudu culture, and the Majiabang culture has another source and needs to be explored. Those who hold this opinion point out that the middle and late stages of the Majiabang culture are roughly the same as the age of the second layer of the Hemudu site, and they belong to two archaeological cultures, and there is a relationship of mutual influence and exchange. For example, the clay red pottery and black pottery on the second layer of the Hemudu site, and the jar with ox nose-shaped ears are similar to the Majiabang culture, which is the result of the influence of the Majiabang culture in the late Hemudu culture. At the same time, a remnant wide eaves kettle was also found at the Hemudu site, which was a representative pottery of Majiabang culture, which was obviously produced under the influence of Majiabang culture.
Compared with the ruins of the polders of the Majiabang culture and the ruins of the Yinyangying camp in the south and the north, the differences in the artifacts are the main ones, but there are also some similar artifacts, such as flat perforated stone hoes, perforated stone axes, flat-footed kettle-shaped tripods, dwarf ring-footed beans, single-ear jars and ring-footed jars with flow, which shows that there is a close relationship between the two. In addition, there are individual wide-eaves kettles found at the Qingliangang site in Huai'an, northern Ningsu, which are the products of Majiabang culture.
As for the whereabouts of the Majiabang culture, six tombs were found on the seventh layer of the Straw Shoes Mountain site, and the head orientation and burial style were similar to the tombs of the Majiabang culture on the eighth and ninth floors superimposed under them, and the pottery and most of the shapes of the pottery had the characteristics of the Songze culture, so some opinions regard this layer as an example of the transition from the Majiabang culture to the Songze culture. Through the general discovery of the overlapping relationship between the upper and lower layers of Songze culture and Majiabang culture, and the overall analysis of the connotation of these two cultural relics, it can be determined that the evolution and development of Majiabang culture into Songze culture can be determined.
Xu Le and the others listened for an hour and a half, and it was not finished until half past ten, and then Xu Le had no intention of staying for dinner, nor did he say where he was going, and said goodbye to everyone!