Regarding the work of repairing history, Chen Fan agreed in principle.

However, he is not ready to revise history now.

The work of repairing history is not so easy to cultivate.

Look at Bangu, in order to repair the Han book, a total of 25 years.

This hasn't been completely repaired yet, and I asked my sister to continue writing it later.

Another example is Sima Guang, who also spent more than ten years on the cultivation of the general knowledge of governance.

There are also various dynasties to revise the official histories of previous dynasties, and some of them take years, or even decades.

Some have been repaired for more than 100 years, which is really life-threatening.

Although the network is more developed now, what Chen Fan is facing now is five thousand years.

If you really want to cultivate, although Chen Fan still has it in his mind, but ...... I have to refer to some historical materials of this world.

But the historical materials of this world are not safe, and it is an incomparable headache to sort out.

It is estimated that it will take a lot of time.

But.

Chen Fan is not in a hurry.

Anyway, there is nothing to do when you come to this world.

In the days to come, I will tell you stories while cultivating history, and it is not impossible to brag about it.

Of course.

When you have time, you can continue to travel around the country, introduce the scenery to everyone, and then dig the tomb...... Something.

This is far from it.

For the time being, Chen Fan is ready to finish the Eastern Han Dynasty and talk about it.

……

"Teacher Chen Fan, in the next issue of the Hundred Schools' Forum, which one are you going to talk about?"

"When the time comes, everyone can watch the programs of the Hundred Pulpits."

"However, some insiders commented that in addition to the good performance of several emperors in the early stage of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the performance of some emperors in the later period was very mediocre, and there is basically nothing to say."

"History does not always revolve around the emperor, in addition to the emperor, the Eastern Han Dynasty has many existences that have influenced future generations for thousands of years."

This is Chen Fan's answer in an interview with media reporters before opening the 100 forums.

But.

For Chen Fan's answer, the industry is still a little reluctant to believe it too much.

It's not that I don't believe in Chen Fan, but I really don't believe that there are any other highlights in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

"I feel that the 100 pulpits in the back will have to be weak."

"I also think that Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, Emperor He of the Han Dynasty...... After that, there's really nothing to talk about. ”

"I think too. Previously, Chen Fan's teacher said that Ban Gu, Ban Chao, and Ban Zhao were all in the Ming Emperor, Emperor Zhang, and Emperor He periods. Later, if you really want to talk about it, the Three Kingdoms that Mr. Chen Fan talked about before is even more exciting. ”

"Although the Three Kingdoms are wonderful, the Three Kingdoms were not as plain as everyone imagined before. Don't talk nonsense, since Mr. Chen Fan is talking, it definitely has a lot of highlights. As for what we don't know, it can only be said that we are all alone. ”

Although it is said that this is the case, many people really want to see what this issue of the Hundred Schools Forum is about.

In fact.

For this issue of the Hundred Schools, Chen Fan didn't feel that there was nothing to talk about at all.

Instead.

In terms of influence on future generations, his influence is even greater in this issue of the Hundred Schools.

So.

When he was preparing to do the show that day, Chen Fan was in a good mood.

This also infected a group of Dragon TV staff.

"Teacher Chen Fan, I'm in such a good mood today."

"Okay."

"Teacher Chen Fan, what are you talking about today?"

"Hahaha, you can just listen to it then."

Chen Fan didn't say either.

However, seeing that they were so curious, Chen Fan revealed slightly: "What I want to talk about today may affect many people in the future." ”

As for what.

Chen Fan said confidentiality.

……

8 p.m. that night.

At this time, Dragon TV had already adjusted "Hundred Lectures" to prime time broadcasting.

Chen Fan took the stage again.

Looking at everyone, Chen Fan said directly: "We have talked about Wang Mang before, Emperor Guangwu of Han, Ban Gu, Dou Xian, and Ban Chao across the fifty countries of the Western Regions...... I read the comments of many classmates and many netizens and media, and everyone sighed, and after reading it, my blood boiled for a while. ”

"Yes, the glory of the Eastern Han Dynasty is actually no worse than that of the Western Han Dynasty. After all, the Eastern Han Dynasty was developed on the basis of the Western Han Dynasty. At the same time, it has experienced several people's monarchs, so the development is not bad. And when I was about to start today, some media interviews said that after the Han Dynasty and the emperors, a series of emperors of the Eastern Han Dynasty behaved very mediocre. If you speculate on this, then there is nothing to say about the Eastern Han Dynasty? ”

Chen Fan shook his head: "I told this reporter friend that the Eastern Han Dynasty is not the Eastern Han Dynasty of the Eastern Han Emperor. In addition to these emperors, there are many people or things that have nothing to do with the emperor and are really closely related to our lives. Today, what I want to talk about is the historical materials of the Eastern Han Dynasty that had nothing to do with the emperor and the generals. ”

Yes.

Chen Fan has wanted to talk about this episode for a long time.

But after all, I had to explain the background of the entire Eastern Han Dynasty before, so Wang Mang, Emperor Guangwu of Han, Emperor Ming of Han, Emperor Zhang of Han...... These are some people to talk about.

In addition, the entire political, military...... And so on, and I have to talk about some of it.

And after talking about this.

Well, that's the part of people's life that doesn't have much to do with the emperor, the military, and politics.

"During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the people's lives were actually not bad. Because of the development of iron control technology, the life of the people of the Eastern Han Dynasty has been more convenient. Among them, iron plough technology has been greatly developed. ”

While saying.

Chen Fan opened the PPT on the side.

The PPT shows an iron plough unearthed in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

At the same time, farmers have mastered more detailed farming methods in their production activities. In Cui Shi's "Four People's Moon Order", he recorded in detail the situation of farmers cultivating fields. There is a more mature understanding of weeding and fertilization, as well as the nature of the land. They will plant different crops according to different lands, and even adopt different planting densities, and can turn the soil and dry the fields in time, double crop rotation, and improve the utilization rate of land......"

Although this may seem like nothing.

But.

When listening to Chen Fan's explanation of this farming knowledge, all the spectators were shocked.

"When I go, the cultivation level in the Eastern Han Dynasty is already about the same as that of modern times."

"It's just about the same, it's almost indistinguishable. Moreover, more than 2,000 years later, we still look like the planting technology of the Eastern Han Dynasty. I'm wondering if the people were too smart in ancient times, or if we were too stupid, and nothing has changed in more than 2,000 years. ”

"Hahaha......"

Indeed it is.

If you only stare at the emperor, only at some generals, then the width of the whole history is so much.

But if you jump away from these and look at other more interesting places, then even if the Eastern Han Dynasty has produced a series of mediocre emperors, it is just as wonderful.

Of course.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was not only agriculture that performed extraordinarily, but also the textile industry.

The brocade that came out of the East to benefit China is actually a kind of textile industry.

However, the textile technology in the Western Han Dynasty was still average, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the technology has developed very superbly.

There are even a lot of brocades that modern craftsmanship can't do.

"In addition to these, the Eastern Han Dynasty is also the world's attention in science and technology, affecting China...... No, it even affected the whole world. ”

For this sentence, everyone has some incomprehension.

"Technology?"

"What other technology can the Eastern Han Dynasty have?"

"It seems that there was no technology in ancient China, let alone influencing the whole world."

"Isn't it Western technology that affects the world, where is the technology of the East?"

This is, of course, everyone's misunderstanding of ancient Chinese technology.

In fact, there were a series of technologies in ancient China, and even, some of them were black technologies.

Even in the Eastern Han Dynasty, his technology was amazing.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the most outstanding performance in the field of science and technology was Cai Lun.

"Do you know when paper was invented?"

At this time, Chen Fan suddenly asked.

"Paper?"

This time, I really asked a lot of people.

In their concept, there is really no such thing as paper.

But as a symbol of civilization, paper is extremely important.

Even.

Chen Fan thinks.

Science and technology can develop, paper is the most important, there is no one.

If there is no paper.

Where are there so many Tang and Song poems?

If there is no paper.

Where is there so much advanced culture and technology?

If there is no paper.

I'm afraid there aren't many people who read.

"It seems that people don't have much of a concept of paper. Before the Eastern Han Dynasty, the medium we used for writing was not paper, but bamboo slips, as well as silk brocade, or animal skins. But there are big problems with these, such as bamboo slips, which are more troublesome to make and take up too much space. Take a look at the five cars that many people said in ancient times, this five cars is a book made of bamboo slips in five cars. But speaking of which, even if it is a book made of five carts of bamboo slips, his content is not much. Even, there is not a 1 million words so much. So if you really want to count it according to the five cars of learning rich in ancient times, the students sitting here are also all rich five cars......"

"As for silk or brocade, and animal skins, it is too extravagant and too expensive for ordinary civilians to use. Even if it's royalty, you can't use these often. Therefore, in the Western Han Dynasty, some people already wanted to make a medium that could not occupy space, was very cheap, and was very convenient for writing. This medium, that is paper. Moreover, someone really made it during the Western Han Dynasty. However, the paper made in the Western Han Dynasty is not good, one is rougher, and the other is that the surface is not smooth, which is not suitable for writing, and is only suitable for packaging. ”

Later, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a eunuch named Cai Lun, who recognized the role of paper, so he began to improve the paper produced in the previous Western Han Dynasty. After countless experiments, Cai Lun used tree bark, hemp bark, bamboo...... And so on, summed up the four steps of papermaking. ”

The first step is raw material separation.

It is to use the method of soaking or steaming to make the bark, hemp bark, bamboo ...... These are degummed in lye and dispersed into fibrous forms.

The second is pulping.

The fibers are cut off by cutting and pounding, and the fibers are broomized and become pulp;

The third is copying.

The pulp is soaked into a slurry, and then the pulp is scooped with a paper scraper, so that the pulp is interwoven into a thin sheet of wet paper on the paper scraper.

The fourth is drying.

Dry or dry the wet paper and remove it to become paper.

These four steps, to the invention of Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty, 2000 years have passed, and most people are still made according to this method.

Even if the development of modern science and technology is very good, the basic steps are similar.

It's just that these four steps will be improved by machines, etc.

"Because it is Cai Lun's papermaking technology that is summarized and improved, we call Cai Lun's improved paper Cai Hou paper."

As for why Cai Hou paper, not Cai Lun paper?

That's because Cai Lun helped Emperor He destroy Dou Xian's arrogant and domineering relatives during the Han and Emperor periods, and Cai Lun was loyal, and was finally named the Marquis of Longting.

"It can be said that Cai Lun's improved papermaking technology can be said to be the first of the four great inventions of ancient China."

At this time, Chen Fan mentioned a new point of view, the four great inventions of ancient China.

This point of view immediately made everyone at the scene extremely interested.

"The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China?"

"Where did this come from?"

At this time, a student raised his hand and asked: "Teacher Chen Fan, what are the four major inventions in ancient China?" ”

It's not that they don't know.

In fact, in the past life, this view was not put forward by the Chinese.

In the previous life, the idea of the four great inventions of ancient China was first put forward by the British.

Other words.

Although there have been four major inventions in China for a long time, no one has proposed them, and everyone has not taken them seriously.

People still think that ancient China actually had no science and technology, and it didn't contribute much to the world.

From this it can be said.

History is still that history, but if there is no publicity, many times the wonderful things in history may be lost.

This is also the significance of the historian.

Chen Fan continued: "There were many inventions in ancient China, not just the four major inventions. However, these four are relatively influential. The first invention is the papermaking technology improved by Cai Lun as I mentioned earlier, or it can be directly said to be the papermaking technology invented by Cai Lun. Because Cai Lun's improved papermaking process has not only affected China, but also the world. Because the paper made by Cai Lun's papermaking process is easy to carry and economical. Soon, he spread to Goryeo and Fuso. Later, under the influence of the Silk Road, it spread to Central Asia, South Asia, and Europe......"

"The second invention is the compass."

"The third invention is called gunpowder."

"The fourth invention, movable type printing."

Without papermaking, it is estimated that the process of cultural development in the world would be slowed down tenfold.

Without a compass, there would be no so-called Age of Discovery.

Without gunpowder, I am afraid that China has always been the kingdom of the Celestial Empire.

Without movable type printing, culture is still in the hands of a few.

So.

Among the four major inventions, Chen Fan believes that papermaking should be ranked first.

"It turns out that we have such an awesome invention in ancient times."

"The four great inventions, although I don't particularly understand the situation here, but judging from these four major inventions, he has changed the world."

"Yes."

If you haven't been particularly interested in these ancient technologies before.

But as soon as Chen Fan said the concept of the four great inventions of ancient China, everyone could already feel the impact of these inventions on modern times.

But.

The other three major inventions Chen Fan did not talk about for the time being.

Because among the four major inventions, only papermaking was invented in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the others were all in the Song Dynasty.

In the future, when revising history, Chen Fan can put the three major inventions in the history of the Song Dynasty.

……

But.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, if you want to talk about science and technology, it is not only Cai Lun's invention of papermaking.

In addition to Cai Lun, there is also a technology maniac named Zhang Heng.

Seeing that everyone had entered the state, Chen Fan said: "During the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the continuous improvement of the level of productivity, great progress has been made in cultural knowledge and technology. At this time, there was a man named Zhang Heng, who served as the Taishi Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This Taishi Ling is the official in charge of the astronomical calendar. This official position is not very large and not very highly valued. But despite this, Zhang Heng is very interested in astronomy and mathematics. ”

He once wrote an astronomical book called "Lingxian", in which Zhang Heng believed that the universe is infinite and the movement of celestial bodies is regular; Moonlight is the reflection of sunlight, and the eclipse of the moon is caused by the earth obscuring the sun, and the moon moves around the earth and rises and falls. He believed that certain laws of the sun's movement correctly explained the causes of the long nights in winter, the short nights in summer, and the day and night of the spring and autumn equinoxes. He also pointed out that there are 2,500 stars that can be seen in the Central Plains, which is similar to what we know now. After observing the movement of certain celestial bodies, he came to the conclusion that the day of the week is 365 degrees and one quarter of a quarter, which is not much different from the value of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds for the modern measurement of the Earth's orbit around the sun......"

Of course.

This may be very simple knowledge for many people in modern times.

There are even some elementary school students who know about it.

But.

When you know that the people who recognized this were the ancients more than 2,000 years ago, then you wouldn't say that.

"Nima, this level is awesome."

"It is no wonder that ancient China has always led the world, and at this level of mathematics, it completely beats all other countries in the same period."

"Well, knowledge of the sun and moon alone is enough to get ahead of them. After all, the calendar is calculated by the moon and the sun. ”

As for what you want to ask, what does the calendar have to do with China's leading world?

It's so relevant.

In ancient times, food was everything, productivity, and the strength of the country.

So.

What determines the production of food?

Many people may say that it is a production tool, such as the appearance of agricultural iron tools.

But some of these are only secondary.

The most important thing is the calendar.

What does the calendar represent?

Doesn't just tell you what day or month it is?

The important role of the calendar is also to tell you what days you can sow and what months you can harvest in autumn.

Without the guidance of these calendars, everything that grows is doomed.

"But that's not all. In order to better study Zhou Tianxingdou, Zhang Heng also invented the armillary sphere. ”

"Teacher Chen Fan, what is an armillary sphere?"

A classmate asked.

At that time, Zhang Heng engraved on a copper ball with a diameter of more than four feet with 28 sutras, Chinese and foreign stars, as well as the yellow equator, the north and south poles, the 24 solar terms, the constant display circle, the constant hidden circle, etc., into a muddy image, and then used a set of water droplet machinery to combine the muddy image with the leaky pot. Control the turbulent phenomenon with a leaky pot of flowing water, so that it rotates synchronously with the celestial sphere to show the sun's apparent movement of the starry sky, such as the appearance of stars and the mid-heavens......"

I don't seem to understand.

Chen Fan explained that in fact, he is an upgraded version of the globe, or he can directly be called the celestial globe.

The globe indicates only the Earth.

The armillary sphere, on the other hand, records the instruments of the celestial bodies.

As for why you should use an armillary sphere, it's completely easier to identify.

Otherwise, how can you tell the stars in the sky?

Having a thing like a celestial globe is much more convenient to distinguish or impart astronomical knowledge on your own.

Of course.

It's nothing.

After all, although the armillary sphere is also relatively high-tech, it is not so shocking.

What's really shocking is another piece of bull fork technology.

Or it's called black technology.

This black technology is called a geodynamic instrument.

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