"I smiled at the sky with my horizontal knife, and went to leave the liver and gallbladder two Kunlun, what a man."

"Yes, it's a pity that there are no descendants."

"What's the use of staying, in Tan Sitong's words, that is, even if a child is born, it's just one more slave in the world."

Just thinking of this sentence, everyone couldn't help but feel a pain in their hearts.

Although everyone is not in this era.

But.

When everyone heard Tan Sitong say such words, their hearts were extremely uncomfortable.

How dead is the heart to say such a thing?

"It seems that the Qing court is hopeless."

"Well, otherwise, Tan Sitong would not have died like this."

The prosperity after Qianlong did not last long, and the Qing Dynasty declined in a blink of an eye.

Of course.

If it's just a recession.

Throughout history, a series of dynasties have declined after their glory.

But.

At the time of the decline of the Qing Dynasty, it was no longer just a matter of decline, it had entered the point of being wantonly bullied by the foreign powers.

Look at the series of unequal terms that the Qing Dynasty contracted with a range of great powers.

Not to mention experiencing the world firsthand.

Even just looking at the contents of these treaties, everyone trembles incomparably.

Territorial sovereignty is gone.

Diplomatic sovereignty is gone.

Trade sovereignty is gone.

Guan Rui's sovereignty is gone.

Even.

The country is going to be scraped by the great powers.

And what dignity do the common people in this dynasty have?

Or rather.

It's not just the common people who don't have dignity, it's the entire Qing court that has lost its dignity.

Tan Sitong said such a thing, and it was not just his feelings.

In addition to Tan Sitong, Chen Fan also talked about a diplomat named "Tan Jinyong".

Chen Fan said: "Tan Jinyong was a diplomat sent to the United States by the Qing Dynasty at that time, and when Tan Jinyong was returning home from official business in the United States, a American policeman passed by and heard a sentence, Chinese, yellow pig. Tan Jinyong forcibly suppressed his anger and said to him, please Mr. self-respect, Chinese are also human beings, not at will. But when the policeman heard it, he laughed and asked rhetorically, Chinese are also people? After speaking, he directly gave Tan Jinyong a slap. Although Tan Jinyong is a diplomat, his skills are not bad, and when he couldn't bear it, Tan Jinyong punched this guy back. ”

But the matter is not over, after the Mi policeman was beaten by Tan Jinyong, he immediately called several helpers. Two fists are invincible to four hands, and Tan Jinyong was beaten by them to have a headache and blood flow. But this was not enough, after beating Tan Jinyong, they also used Tan Jinyong's braid to tie him to the railing and humiliated. This is not over, and then, Tan Jinyong was taken back to the United States Police Station by them. ”

"The Legend of the Fairy Tree"

Tan Jinyong thought that when he arrived at the police station in the United States, he would be able to reason. Immediately, he pulled out his diplomat's certificate. However, these Mi police officers just glanced at it, and then threw aside a series of Tan Jinyong's certificates. Speaking of which, what if you are a diplomat. As long as you are Chinese, you have to be beaten, and there are no exceptions here. In this way, Tan Jinyong was beaten again at the United States Police Station. It wasn't until an old friend of Tan Jinyong spent a lot of money that Tan Jinyong was ransomed. ”

It's just that after coming back, Tan Jinyong felt a huge sadness in his heart. He thought that he would be bullied like this as a diplomat, not to mention ordinary people who had no status. Then he remembered that since the Yapian War, the whole country had been bullied by the great powers again and again, and a series of unequal treaties had been signed, countless territories had been ceded, and reparations had been paid. And in himself, something like this happened again. Tan Jinyong felt that in this dynasty, even the basic personality could not be maintained. So, what can he do? At this time, Tan Jinyong was discouraged, and he felt that there was no point in living. Even being a diplomat doesn't mean anything, he thinks only of one word, die. ”

"A few days later, Tan Jinyong walked under a high bridge and committed suicide by throwing himself into the water in the United States......"

This is Tan Jinyong.

The front is a failed change and killed.

The other was a diplomat who did not participate in the reform of the law and even served the Qing Dynasty.

But.

Both died.

What is the reason for this?

No one can tell.

……

"Teacher Chen Fan, is it true that everyone in the Qing Dynasty is mediocre and incompetent, and everyone is bullied?"

One of the students stood up excitedly, wiped the corners of his eyes and said.

Although he knew.

The Qing Dynasty is not what it is now.

The Qing Dynasty was also not a country of its own.

The Qing Dynasty did not have in their history.

But invisibly, they have already been substituted into the Qing Dynasty.

Regardless of whether the Qing Dynasty is in history or not.

They just think.

The Qing Dynasty was also Chinese.

The bullying of the Qing Dynasty was also bullied to the heads of the Chinese.

Especially Tan Jinyong.

As a diplomat, he ended his life by suicide, how sad it is.

What is the reason for this?

The underlying reasons can be difficult to articulate.

But the most obvious.

Everyone knows a truth.

Weak countries have no diplomacy.

Yes.

At that time, the Qing Dynasty was not just a weak country.

So.

As a diplomat of the Qing court, how could he get any respect in diplomacy?

"Of course you can't say that."

Chen Fan shook his head: "In the Qing Dynasty, there were still some great heroes who were not afraid of life and death, loved the country and the people. For example, Deng Shizhan. ”

Chen Fan mentioned a character at this time.

Deng Shichang was the captain of the Beiyang Fleet, which fought against the Japanese in the Yellow Sea in 1884. It's just that although the Beiyang Fleet also has some strength, it is still quite far from the warships of the Japanese State. In particular, most of the warships of the Beiyang Fleet can only hit 3,000 meters, while the warships of the Japanese Kingdom can hit more than 5,000 meters. Because of this, the battleship Zhiyuan commanded by Deng Shichan was also injured in many places in the battle at that time. ”

But even so, in the face of the invasion of the Japanese state, Deng Shichan did not flee. On the contrary, after learning that his warship was damaged, he also ordered a group of soldiers to drive at full speed and crash into the Japanese warship, preparing to die with the Japanese warship. Deng Shichang encouraged the officers and men of the ship and said: My generation served in the army to defend the country, and we have long put life and death out of the way, and now we are just dead! ”

Seeing this, the officers and men of the Japanese warship were shocked and concentrated their artillery fire on the "Zhiyuan," but unfortunately a shell hit the torpedo tube of the "Zhiyuan," and the torpedo in the tube exploded, causing the "Zhiyuan" to sink. After Deng Shichang fell into the sea, his entourage rescued him with a lifebuoy, but he refused, and said: I am determined to kill the enemy to serve the country, and now I am dying in the sea. Deng Shichang swore to live and die with the warship, resolutely pressed the dog's head into the water, and he also sank in the waves, and more than 250 officers and men of the ship died heroically at the age of 45. ”

After Deng Shichang's martyrdom and sacrifice, the whole country was shaken, and Emperor Guangxu wept and wrote "this day is full of tears in the world, and there is a strong navy", and gave Deng Shichang the title of "Zhuang Jie Gong", posthumously awarded the title of "Prince Shaobao", enshrined in the Zhaozhong Temple of the Beijing Division, and wrote a sacrificial text and an inscription in the imperial pen.

"There is another person, named Zuo Brown Hall."

Looking at everyone's extremely excited expressions, Chen Fan did not stop, but continued: "Zuo Brown Tang is an important minister of the Qing Dynasty, he and Zeng Guofan and others founded the Westernization Movement, learning advanced Western techniques, and he is also one of the few people of insight in the Qing Dynasty. However, while Zuo Brown Hall was carrying out the Westernization Movement, some external forces took advantage of the Qing court's bullying by foreign powers to invade the frontier, and for a while, the frontier was in an emergency. ”

Faced with the situation on the frontier, the Qing court was unable to protect itself at that time, and the superiors intended to abandon the frontier. It's just that Zuo Brown Hall is extremely opposed, saying, not an inch of the ancestral land can be lost, and strive to recover the frontier. However, although the imperial court agreed to Zuo Browntang's request for recovery, the Qing court could no longer come up with the money. But even so, Zuo Brown Hall did not retreat. In order to recover the frontier, he raised his own army, borrowed money from a group of merchants, and carried the coffin to the army. In this battle, Zuo Brown Hall is ready. Either regain the frontier or die on the battlefield yourself. In the end, it was precisely because of Zuo Brown Hall that the frontier had to be recovered......"

In the previous life, if there was no Left Palm Hall.

I am afraid that millions of square kilometers of land are no longer on the map of China.

Of course.

Zuo Palm Hall is not only meritorious in recovering the frontier.

His personal morality also embarrassed many important ministers of the Qing Dynasty.

In his previous life, after his death, Zuo Brown Hall only left 20,000 taels of silver, and his four sons only got 5,000 taels each.

In fact.

At that time, Zuo Palm Hall's annual salary, including the imperial court's incorruptible silver, was almost 20,000 taels.

But.

After his death, there was only such a small amount of family property left, does this mean that Zuo Palm Tang spent money lavishly?

If you don't know about Zuo Palmtang, then you can know what kind of person Zuo Palmtang is from the letters that Zuo Palmtang left to his children and grandchildren.

There are a total of 163 letters in "Zuo Zongtang's Family Letters", and in one of the family letters, Zuo Zongtang wrote: "Pay this year's salary 200 taels of silver...... Thinking of the family's financial constraints, I didn't want to send more, but the situation was difficult, and it was strange that the army owed wages for seven months, and I couldn't bear to send more. Er Cao is young and incompetent, and it is appropriate to go through more hardships and practice to become a financial weapon, and the situation is good for being bitter and indifferent, not in much money. ”

From this letter to the family, we can see where did Zuo Palmtang's money go?

In addition to sending a few hundred taels to his family, the rest of the money was either donated to the poor people, or his money was used as military salary.

But even so, he advised his children and grandchildren to go through more hardships so that they could succeed.

Such qualities.

I'm afraid that the loyal ministers of all dynasties may not be able to compare with Zuo Palm Hall.

But.

On the other hand, there were several other people in the Qing Dynasty who were on the same level as him at that time.

After some died, they left behind tens of millions of taels of property.

I really don't know if such an important minister will save the country or harm the country.

……

"Tan Sitong, Tan Jinyong, Deng Shichan, Zuo Palmtang...... I remember your names. ”

Chen Fan finished speaking.

The crowd silently recited the names of these men.

Their fingers gripped tighter.

Although they would love to say more.

Why did these outstanding figures come out, and the Qing court at that time was still so bullied.

But they still didn't ask.

Because.

There is no need to ask.

Just like Tan Jinyong, he could have been immortal, but he still died.

It's not that Tan Jinyong really wants to die.

But in such a dynasty, even if there are these heroic martyrs, they can't save the Qing court.

"Teacher Chen Fan, where should the Qing court go in the future?"

Another student from the history department of Peking University stood up and asked.

"That's a good question, you can discuss, if you go back to that time, what should the Qing court do?"

Chen Fan also threw this question to everyone.

"Teacher Chen Fan, I think we should follow the path of Tan Sitong and Kang Youwei before, that is, take the constitutional monarchy. Only by following such a path, the Qing court may still be saved. ”

However, Chen Fan shook his head and said.

"Although the constitutional monarchy has its advantages, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao have failed in their changes. In the end, it was not that they did not change the law well, but that such a change touched the interests of the old school at that time. As for why their interests are touched, it is that the constitutional monarchy limits the power of the monarch, which is certainly unacceptable to the rulers of feudal dynasties. So in the end, a series of promising people who changed the law sacrificed and stopped. Of course, even if he left again, even if the Qing court agreed later, he would not get the support of the public. ”

"Why?"

"Times are different."

Chen Fan can only say this.

Why do you say such a sentence?

Chen Fan explained: "Maybe if you proposed such a change before, maybe it's okay. However, with the invasion of the great powers again and again. The minds of countless people, they are gradually awakening. Although the constitutional monarchy seems to be very good, many people of insight have lost any confidence in the Qing court. For them, they will think, why such a court, and why such an emperor? Does the governance of this world have to be governed by an emperor? ”

In the midst of this, another group of people of insight formed a force called the revolutionaries. They were completely disappointed with the Qing court, and they no longer had any hope for the Qing court. They feel that instead of letting them change, they should do it themselves. Their idea was to overthrow the Qing court and establish a new democratic state. ”

But.

Among them, the two factions also engaged in a contest.

At first, it was the constitutional monarchists who prevailed, and the Qing court, well aware of the changes in the global landscape, no longer pursued the original feudal rule, but followed the trend and prepared to implement a constitutional system. Of course, this is also related to the previous changes. Although Tan Si and others died, their deaths woke up many people of insight. Under the general trend of the world, the Qing court can only follow the trend. However, no one expected that after the Qing court formed a cabinet, a group of people found that the entire cabinet members were all the royal family of the original Qing court. This is tantamount to no reform, and the so-called cabinet is not equivalent to the military aircraft department before the Qing Dynasty.

This directly aroused the dissatisfaction of both the constitutionalists and the revolutionaries.

And eventually.

Under the dual pressure of the constitutionalists and revolutionaries, the last emperor of the Qing court, Puyi, issued an edict of abdication.

The Qing Dynasty, which had existed for more than 200 years, officially ended.