Chapter 540: Sweeping across the European continent
On April 15, when the governors of many central banks met in Basel, Schlesinger publicly stated in his speech that he "does not dare to guarantee the future trend of interest rates and does not have much confidence in the fixed exchange rates of European currencies", focusing on the Italian lira in his speech.
This news is tantamount to a blow to the British, and the financial market, which has just eased, has changed dramatically again.
Currencies as a whole began to fall, but it was not the British who were most uncomfortable, but the Italists.
The whole person is stupid, what's the matter, you boss and second have a dispute, it's about our stupid!
Why mention me, ah, why mention me!
Is there still a heavenly principle?
Is there still a royal law!
……
High emotional intelligence: care about partners and dedicate yourself wholeheartedly.
Low emotional intelligence: no trust in partners, always asking about progress.
After finding out that Soros was doing something, Sean waited a few days and called to inquire about the situation.
"Everything is on the right track." Soros was in a good mood and reported the progress to Sean with a smile, "There are many things that we can see, but those ordinary people can't understand anything." ”
"They are already overwhelmed by work and family life every day, so we need to lift the lid first and show it in front of everyone."
"The results are very good, and now the whole of Europe knows that there is a problem with the European exchange rate system created by countries bound to the Deutsche mark, and all countries except Germany want Germany to cut interest rates, but Germany refuses to accept it."
"Yesterday after the meeting, the media interviewed Schlesinger, and the question we asked, how does he feel about the ECU concept?"
"Guess what he said?" Soros was in a good mood and began to sell a lawsuit with Sean.
Sean doesn't mind, as long as he has the ability and can help me make money, he will only feel in a good mood when he jokes.
"Oh, how did he answer, he wouldn't want ......" Sean was stunned for a moment, and then said softly, "It's really possible!" ”
"Hahaha, Mr. Sean is so young, but his grasp of human nature is so keen, it is really enviable and jealous!" Soros slapped him with a sycophant, and the movements were extremely natural, "Schlesinger said: I like the idea of a European currency, but I don't like the name "ECU", I would rather call it a Deutsche mark. ”
Saying that, Soros laughed out loud, not giving Schlesinger a penny, but he is our staunchest ally!
ECU, Europea, is the predecessor of the euro, which stands for the idea of a single European currency, which was proposed in 1979 together with the European Exchange Rate Mechanism.
The first purpose of the European exchange rate mechanism is to break down exchange rate barriers, strengthen economic cooperation between regions, and make the European continent a large market.
But the second purpose is fundamental, and that is to open the way for Europe to agree on the currency, the euro!
The euro, as simple as it sounds, is the simple use of one currency by all European countries, but in fact, there are many difficulties in it, and it took 43 years from the proposal to the actual implementation of this idea!
This is really not ink, for example, the exchange rate issue is one of the more difficult ones, after all, it is currency unification, not the merger of countries.
The purpose of the euro is to make the European single market perfect, free trade between countries more convenient, and to speed up the process of EU integration, not to let the strong countries suck the blood of the weak and small countries!!
So, a lot of things have to be pushed little by little, experimented, and learned from failures, just like the north, the European exchange rate mechanism is a testing ground.
In fact, after Soros's shorting of European currencies, the European exchange rate mechanism has evolved, from ERM-1 to ERM-2, and the most important point is that the fluctuation has expanded from 7% to 15%, giving a more relaxed environment and space.
But if the European exchange rate mechanism has really withstood the test, then it will inevitably evolve, and countries will jointly form the European Central Bank, which will replace the current position of the Bundesbank.
The establishment of the European Central Bank is a good thing of great historical significance for the overall development of Europe, but this does not mean that it is a good thing for Schlesinger.
Schlesinger, who is now the president of the Bundesbank, can be said to be the brightest boy in Europe, and one sentence can determine the rise and fall of many countries, and 12 countries must act according to his Schlesinger's face!
Even European countries that have not joined this exchange rate mechanism must look up to him Schlesinger!
This right is a poison that men can never quit!
But once the ECB is established, it will never let Schlesinger be president!
Originally, Germany was dominant, and the president of the ECB gave Schlesinger back, and then set up a fart ECB, and directly use the Bundesbank to calculate!
Therefore, Schlesinger is the last thing he wants the ECB to be established now.
I can be patriotic, and I can love the world, but this cannot be based on harming my interests.
Therefore, Schlesinger's position is bound to be tough, even if it hurts the interests of many countries and many people......
Source change app】
One will be a success!
Softhearted?
Soft-hearted, you're from your mother's politics!
Listening to Soros's words, Sean's mouth slugged, and some of the things he had just thought of, but they weren't deep.
After thinking about it, Sean asked again: "Then do you think that after this time, will it be a good thing or a bad thing for the birth of the euro?" ”
"This ...... It should be a good thing. As he spoke, Soros sighed.
The European Exchange Rate Mechanism is used to find a way, and their actions this time can be regarded as helping the other side to find out the problem, and from this point of view, the Europeans should be grateful to them.
Earn billions of dollars with tears!
But, for the United States, this is really a bad thing.
The U.S. dollar is undoubtedly the largest foreign exchange reserve currency, but once the euro is born, it will inevitably be highly competitive.
Europe is currently the second largest market in the world, and the background of the euro is too strong, and it is certain to snatch the reserve currency share of the dollar, if, if the pound is added to it......
It is inevitable that the dollar will be challenged.
Of course, whether Soros is short or not, it will not prevent the birth of the euro, and at most the time will change from morning to noon......
Sean sorted out his mood and said with a smile: "Since it's a good thing, then you have to say it, I will arrange someone to prepare the manuscript and help you wash the floor afterwards." ”
Soros: "......"
There are no tears in your eyes!
Is this what it feels like to have dad care?
Love, love!
……
The day after Sean's communication, April 17.
Schlesinger's announcement that Germany could not make any promises on future interest rates was widely reported by the media, and Soros took action directly, cooperating with other foreign exchange companies on Wall Street, and everyone began to sell the Finnish mark in their hands in the foreign exchange market and buy the strong German mark.
The initial move was not particularly large, and it was set aside to give the Bank of Finland an opportunity to urgently mobilize foreign exchange reserves and dollars to enter the market to sweep the Finnish mark.
The Bank of Finland does not invest, there is no takeover, whose money do you make!
The Bank of Finland poured $1 billion in half a day, and as a result, the price of the Finnish mark began to fluctuate up and down rapidly, and in the afternoon, the selling on Wall Street suddenly increased......
The Bank of Finland reluctantly found that its foreign exchange reserves were insufficient, and some capital predators targeted them Finland.
Don't look at Finland's GDP of more than 120 billion US dollars in 1990, it is a developed country, but it still can't withstand this shock, and in the afternoon of the same day, the Bank of Finland publicly stated that it would abandon the Finnish mark and abandon the fixed exchange rate system.
In one day, the Finnish mark plummeted by 15%!
That's fine, you can't really dry it into waste paper, Finland's volume is too small, then everyone has no money!
Finland's losses are no less than those of Thailand in the following years, of course, Finland's industrial level is not comparable to Thailand's, and its ability to resist risks is higher.
On April 18, after the capture of the Finnish mark, Soros and others once again set their sights on the Swedish krona.
In fact, no other Wall Street company specializing in foreign exchange speculation cooperates with Soros's money...... He now has twice as many dollars in cash as Sweden's foreign exchange reserves, but the cake always has to be cut and shared, so that he can have a happy birthday.
Within a day, the Riksbank raised interest rates like crazy, and within a day rates soared to 75%, and even then, the Swedish krona fell as high as 12%.
On April 19, Soros and others discarded the bloody and mutilated corpses of Sweden, and flew as if they were going to pounce on the Italian people!
Do you think Soros and they moved towards Finland and Sweden first because they fancy that little profit?
No!
Those profits are not much, especially after everyone has eaten, and everyone wants to create an atmosphere of panic!
Let the clouds of the financial crisis hang over the heads of Europeans and blow their confidence!
Now, Soros and others have eaten Finland and Sweden, accumulated enough momentum, and with a mighty speculator, they are killing the Italian lira with great momentum!
Italy is not Finland and Sweden in the end, he is one of the 13 countries of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, if the lira is captured, it means the failure of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism, and he will definitely be able to pull the rescue!
On April 20, the Italians received support from the powerful Bundesbank and borrowed $36 billion at once.
$36 billion to scare Soros?
Stop it!
Sean's support has made the Quantum Fund's own cash flow as high as $5 billion, and it can turn this figure into 12 billion at any time!
Soros believes that as long as he speaks, Sean has a way to make that number 220,320 in a short period of time......
And the hungry wolves on Wall Street who eat meat with them!
And the speculators who drink the soup with it!
There is no shortage of Europeans here, and there are a lot of them.
Schlesinger is right about saying that there is a huge risk in the lira.
In the foreign exchange market, a group of people led by Soros began to frantically sell the lira positions they had obtained from major European banks and exchange them for more valuable German marks.
On the first day, the Italian invested $5 billion in three consecutive installments......
Even so, it is just barely keeping the lira from falling, and appreciation is not to be thought about!
This makes the followers see the opportunity, and this group of talents is the craziest and dares to open hundreds of times leverage.
The next day, more orders were thrown, and in just one morning, the Italians smashed another $5 billion, and by the evening, a total of $8 billion......
Crazy, crazy!
In just one day, the funds used by the two sides exceeded 20 billion US dollars, which can play a trillion-dollar effect in the financial market, and how many countries have a GDP of more than 100 billion a year in the first year of this year!
There is no gain until the winner is decided, and both sides are suffering losses.
Only the banks that act as transaction guarantee platforms are making money......
Banks are the most profitable business!
This madness is not over, on the third day, the Italians smashed in 10 billion dollars, but the lira is still seesawing, and there is no hope of victory.
Three days, three days, do you know how these three days are spent by the Italian people?
smashed 23 billion US dollars in three days, how many families are there?
Damn, don't you need to pay back the borrowed dollars?
This kind of madness not only made the Italian people cry out unbearable, but even the British on the other side of the sea were terrified!
The pound has fallen from 2.95 marks per 1 pound to 2.85 marks in the last two months...... 2.7964…… 2.7780……
In order to stabilize the value of the pound, the Bank of England has swept 3.3 billion pounds from the market, but this government intervention has not had any effect, and the pound is still falling.
This is still Soros, they did not attack the pound, but only secretly closed the position of the pound.
So where did these devaluations come about?
A: The British did it themselves!
As we said earlier, the British were deeply divided internally.
The British economy is declining day by day, exports are blocked, theoretically the British government needs to cut interest rates and depreciate the currency to stimulate exports, but the UK is limited by the European exchange rate mechanism, but it has been raising interest rates, stimulating the currency to rise, and maintaining the exchange rate with the mark.
The British government's actions have been criticized by the vast majority of domestic financial experts, and domestic business leaders have been lobbying the government and speaking in the media to lower the exchange rate.
People also want interest rates to be cut because of mortgage loans for real estate......
All kinds of reasons and Murdoch's promotion have caused the current situation!
However, British Prime Minister John Major and the Chancellor of the Exchequer publicly stood up for interviews, repeatedly reiterating that they insisted on the current British policy unchanged, emphasizing that Britain has the ability to keep the British pound in the European exchange rate system.
Leave your mother!!
Soros and others haven't done it yet, and the pound can't hold on!
On the fourth day, April 24, Soros and others continued to increase their selling of the lira, and at the same time cooperated with Murdoch to analyze the economic situation in the media, analyze why the government invested such a huge amount of money and still could not pull up the lira, and analyze what the problem was after all.
The more we analyze, the more pessimistic we become, and all kinds of evidence show that there is a big problem in the Italian economy, and the lira will not be able to bear it.
Day 5, Day 6...... Within three days, Idully directly emptied all the cards in his hand, borrowing $36 billion plus his own foreign exchange reserves.
On the seventh day, the lira plummeted 7% in a single day, falling below the line that the European Exchange Rate Mechanism said it allowed, and the Germans finally couldn't sit still and came forward and promised to cut interest rates by 0.25%.
Good news?
Wrong!
As soon as this news came out, Soros and others cheered, and the market completely collapsed!
Lira, crash!
All the money that Soros and the others invested before was earned, and they also cared fiercely about the stupid people and tore off a large piece of meat, and a group of hungry wolves with mouths full of blood aimed at the pound sterling!