623 Tiered Tax System (2-in-1)

If this world's hatred for Shen Yichen has a level, then Yang Shan, the right capital imperial history, is definitely the highest level.

Full of expectations, he "informed" Shen Yichen, hoping to get the other party's appreciation and embark on a road of green clouds. As a result, who would have thought that the dignified cabinet chief assistant would do something even more shameless than a villain, and use his own information to complete a lucrative exchange of interests.

Even the heroes of the green forest and the gentlemen of Liang Shang know the word "morality", but Shen Yichen, who is a very popular minister, "collects money and does not do things", Yang Shan really didn't expect that the other party was a hundred times more insidious than himself!

"Okay, Shen Yichen is the treacherous thief, we want to see how long he can disguise!"

Cao Jixiang immediately echoed a sentence, Yang Shan's words simply spoke to his heart. Now he finally realized the pain of Shi Heng, the prince of the loyal country, standing in the position of being the enemy of Shen Yichen, but he was suppressed step by step, and finally either broke out in silence or perished in silence.

Shi Heng chose to die Yibo, but he finally relied on the identity of his relatives and the value of courage to exchange a way for himself to survive. Cao Jixiang believed that if he was defeated in the hands of Shen Yichen, it would definitely be a dead end.

This is why he has been keeping a low profile and developing secretly in the past few years, because either he does not make a move, or he must have an absolute chance of winning.

With Cao Jixiang's approval, Yang Shan was overjoyed, and he realized that there was a possibility of taking the opportunity to take revenge, so he took the opportunity to say: "As the saying goes, those who steal the hook are punished, and those who steal the country are marquis, Shen Yichen has come to his current position, and he already has the power of a prince." ”

"If it is not restricted, then in the future, the foundation of Your Majesty's ancestors may be in danger. As human ministers, we should set things right with the heart of Kuang Fu Sheji, and we can no longer let Shen Yichen be wanton and barbaric! ”

When Yang Shan said this, several people present had different expressions, especially Cao Jixiang thought in his heart, are you old boy too deep in the play, when this is in the Fengtian Hall of the previous dynasty to discuss with hundreds of officials, what he said is so high-sounding.

Of course, Cao Jixiang could also understand that this was an old problem of civil officials full of righteousness, so he simply cooperated: "Then Yang Duxian has a good way to deal with Shen Yichen?" ”

In fact, this time, he summoned his relatives and Yang Shan, Tang Xu and others to the celebrant to discuss the matter, and Cao Jixiang hit the idea of limiting Shen Yichen's authority. After all, many of Shen Yichen's previous reform actions were basically aimed at the civilian official group, and Cao Jixiang was not affected in any way, but was happy to see it.

Now it has affected the core interests of Cao Jixiang's military power, and if he doesn't fight back, he will be eaten away step by step.

"Xia Guan really has a plan!"

Yang Shan was waiting for Cao Jixiang's words, and a yin smile subconsciously appeared on his face.

"Shen Yichen was known for his youth and frivolity in his early years, and in order to climb up in his career over the years, he deliberately restrained some of his temperament, and built himself into a gentle and humble gentleman, which won the respect of many young students in Shilin."

"The ancients are easy to change their nature, and Shen Yichen has an arrogance in his bones, which can be seen from his impatience to reform and change the law after he took power, as well as the arbitrary dispatch of Shi Hengxi, the prince of Zhongguo."

"Xiaguan sent envoys to Mobei and Warat camps back then, and had some friendships with some high-level Tatar captives, and now today, after the Holy Khan also pacified the civil strife in Mongolia, he annexed the three Jurchen tribes and restored the strength of the heyday, and is in the stage of strong soldiers and horses."

"Even if Shi Heng, the prince of Zhongguo, has the courage of ten thousand people, can he really sweep away thousands of troops and rely on 50,000 soldiers and horses to open up the Hexi Corridor and conquer the countries of the Western Regions? Not to mention that there was also a powerful Mongol Khanate on its radar. ”

"As long as the Heavenly Saint Khan also sends troops first, the Western Expeditionary Army of the Loyal Kingdom Gong Shi Heng will definitely be defeated, Shen Yichen, as the leader of the Western Expedition, shouldn't he take responsibility?"

When Yang Shan's words came out, several people present instantly understood his intentions, and a chill suddenly rose in their hearts. You must know that including Cao Jixiang, at most he was thinking about how to defeat Shen Yichen, and he didn't think about the major military affairs of the DPRK.

Since ancient times, it has been said that eunuchs are ruthless, and Cao Jixiang feels that he is far less vicious than Yang Shan in terms of unscrupulous means at this moment.

When it comes to losing your conscience, you have to be the readers......

"Our family really underestimates Yang Duxian, he has a wide range of contacts, and even the high-level Tartars have friendships."

Cao Jixiang said meaningfully, if you want to maintain this friendship, I'm afraid it's not as simple as sending two envoys. However, for the officialdom of the Ming Dynasty, the world was as black as a crow, and how many eunuchs and commanders of the Nine Sides had privately colluded with the Tartars.

Including Cao Jixiang himself, he has raised so many generals and soldiers, how did he come to know it, who dares to say that he is clean?

"It's just a coincidence, it's not worth mentioning."

Yang Shan deliberately rejected this topic, after all, it was already a huge risk to be able to say it today. It's not that the hatred in his heart is too great to swallow this breath, he must let Shen Yichen taste revenge, and he won't reveal that he has a connection with the Tartars.

Since the other party didn't want to say it, Cao Jixiang was not interested in delving into it, everyone had their own secrets. At the same time, Cao Jixiang is not a good man and a woman, after he realized the benefits of this move, he immediately spoke: "Then Yang Duxian is sure to let him send troops first?" ”

"The small Mongolian tribes in the Hexi Corridor were exterminated, and the Guanxi Seven Guards conquered by Wara surrendered to the Ming Dynasty again, so the Mongol Khanate had to face the situation of being attacked from both sides by the Liaodong and Western expeditionary armies.

"As long as we reveal a little bit of information, it will be enough to make it difficult for the Western Expeditionary Army of the Loyal Monarch Shi Heng to move an inch, and even return defeated, and then it is time to ask Shen Yichen for the blame!"

In the end, a hideous smile that could not be concealed appeared on the corner of Yang Shan's mouth, he was a real villain by unscrupulous means, and Shen Yichen should have thought of this consequence if he chose to be treacherous.

As for the 50,000 Ming soldiers of the Western Expeditionary Army, they were simply worthless in the eyes of Yang Shan, and the 50,000 rebels who participated in the palace rebellion in all dynasties and dynasties were already considered merciful to the emperor if they were not collectively killed afterwards, and now it is just their fate to die in the hands of the Tartars.

Yang Shan's smile seemed to infect Cao Jixiang, he laughed unbridled without any scruples, and by the way, several people from the ceremonial supervisor Yamen laughed together, and the whole scene was filled with a "joyful" atmosphere.

You must know that the period when Cao Jixiang chose to rebel in history happened to be the time when the two states of Ganliang in the Hexi Corridor encountered an emergency from the Mongols, and Zhu Qizhen of Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty urgently appointed Sun Bo, the Marquis of Huaining, to rush to the west, which was also a national disaster.

The historical process has changed, but the nature has never changed, and the national disaster is a stepping stone for Cao Jixiang and others!

Of course, Shen Yichen didn't know about the eunuch group's plan, and he couldn't imagine that Yang Shan would be so frustrated, and he would not hesitate to betray the country and collaborate with the enemy to complete his revenge. At the moment, all his energy was focused on the statistics of the Qingzhang field acres submitted by the expatriate Beijing officials.

Just as the Ming Dynasty's finances and population are a lake account, the cultivated land area of the Ming Dynasty is actually also chaotic, not to mention the local field history data, and the data in the most authoritative official "Ming Shilu" and "Ming Huidian" are not matched before and after.

According to the peak period of historical data, the cultivated land area reached 850 million mu in the 26th year of Hongwu, and then the data quickly fell to 420 million, and then recovered to more than 800 million mu during the Hongzhi period of Ming Xiaozong, and fell below 500 million mu again during the Zhengde period.

I don't know how the officials of the Ming Dynasty counted it at that time, it is estimated that it is a random number with your eyes closed and it will be regarded as a crossover.

Among them, the most credible data is estimated to be 786 million mu of fields across the country during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. However, of the more than 700 million mu of farmland, only about 500 million mu of cultivated land can really maintain grain production, and the rest are some mountainous wasteland.

Therefore, Shen Yichen probably guessed that the reason why the cultivated land area of the Ming Dynasty had a particularly large statistical span was that in some years, only reclaimed land was counted, and in some years, wasteland was also counted.

In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, land annexation was not as serious as in the Wanli period, and at the same time, there was no exponential explosion of clan fiefdoms. In addition, Shen Yichen's efforts to clear the country's acres of land this time are simply more than equal to those in Zhang Juzheng's period.

After more than half a year's inventory, preliminary statistics show that the cultivated land area of the country has reached 920 million mu, of which 590 million mu is reclaimed land and 330 million mu is wasteland.

Shen Yichen is very satisfied with this Qingzhang data, because he has a historical perspective of God, and knows that later Chinese and foreign scholars estimate that the peak cultivated land area of the Ming Dynasty is about 1.2 billion mu, and the peak population is 160 million, which is about 10 mu of land per capita.

For modern society, ten mu per capita seems to be a lot, but you must know that in the Ming Dynasty, one mu was converted into a modern mu to almost nine percent off. And in ancient times when there were no chemical fertilizers and machinery, the yield of grain per mu was simply terrible, and the average harvest of reclaimed land and wasteland was three or four hundred catties, which was already a bumper harvest.

In the event of a natural or man-made disaster, as soon as the rent paid to the landlord and all kinds of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes are paid, they will immediately be reduced to the point of selling their children and daughters. This is why the ancient low-level people, most of the time, the living environment is not much different from the hell on earth, and they really can't afford to take a little risk!

Looking at the astonishing data of acres of land and acres that were preliminarily counted, the Hubu Shangshu Nianfu who was standing on the side stood in place in a daze, and only after a long pause did he speak: "Shen Gongbao, Xia Guan never thought that the hidden data was so amazing, and the Orthodox Dynasty had an estimate in the last years, and the cultivated land area of the Ming Dynasty was only about 800 million mu, which was less than that of Taizu Hongwu. ”

"How long has it taken to clear more than 100 million acres of land, how many acres of land have been stolen by the wealthy families in those places?"

Nianfu's shock was expected by Shen Yichen, and indeed for most Ming Dynasty officials, they only knew that there was a local operation of tax-exempting the land under the name of the scholar, but they didn't expect it to be so exaggerated.

And this is only out of Qingzhang, there is definitely still room for hiding in the Ming Dynasty, no wonder the imperial court taxes have not improved in recent years, and all of them have been encroached upon by local wealthy families!

Facing the exclamation of the rich man, Shen Yichen said with a wry smile: "Normal, the imperial power is not lower than the county, for the people, the local wealthy families are the sky, coupled with the endless conquest of the imperial court during the orthodox years, the excesses and miscellaneous taxes have almost doubled, so that more people can only attach their fields and properties to the names of the gentry in order to survive." ”

"It's just that it's easy to get back, and if you want to get it back, you can come, so these acres have become the number that has been cleared out today."

The reason why Shen Yichen was not surprised was that he knew that during the Wanli period, Zhang Juzheng cleared the country's acres of land and found out that the hidden area reached 80 million mu.

You must know that the Ming Dynasty has reached the late stage of the Wanli period, the entire officialdom is almost terminally ill, and the execution ability and efficiency of the imperial court center have declined extremely.

What is even more ironic is that Zhang Juzheng changed the law to clear the 786 million mu of land, and only more than 40 million mu were nominally exempt from tax, but in fact most of the imperial court could not collect the tax.

In a feudal society dominated by a small-scale peasant economy, more than half of the fields could not be harvested, which meant that it was not far from the death of the country. In fact, it is true that decades after Zhang Juzheng's reform, the Ming Dynasty came to the point of exhaustion, and it was useless for Emperor Chongzhen to beg when he was in power, so he had to find a crooked neck tree and hang himself.

Hearing Shen Yichen's words, Nian Fu said with admiration on his face: "Now the lower officials understand why Shen Gongbao proposed to divide the land into the mu, and not collect taxes according to the head of the land, as long as these fields are in whose name, the land will be paid." ”

"In this way, the land property that ordinary people were attached to at the beginning will be quickly returned to their hands!"

Since ancient times, successive dynasties have implemented a poll tax, which means that no matter whether you have land in your name, or how much land you have, you will have to collect a land tax anyway. The implementation of apportionment to the mu has changed this tradition, and the tax will no longer be levied on a per capita basis, which will greatly reduce the burden on the landless and landless peasants.

"No, this alone is not enough to make the wealthy families return their land, as long as they have a grain of rice to earn after paying taxes, they will try their best to encroach on it."

"The tiered tax system implemented by the supporting land is the real magic weapon to force them to stop land annexation!"

Shen Yichen has never said to Nian Fu about the ladder tax system, in fact, this is the model of personal income tax in later generations, the higher the income, the more taxes will be paid. Put it on the acres of land in the feudal dynasty, it is completely possible to formulate tax exemptions within five acres, and then every number of acres of land increases, the field endowment will increase year-on-year, until the income is not proportional.

But the ladder tax method is too advanced, and even modern society uses it very carefully, and Shen Yichen has been weighing the pros and cons.

If it is really impossible to implement the situation due to the current situation, it is necessary to at least ensure that the poor peasants who have no land or have little land can reduce the burden of all kinds of exorbitant taxes. After all, the more than 900 million acres of land that Qingzhang came out, even if he didn't do anything, it was enough to bring millions of years of income to the Ming Dynasty every year!