Cleaning the graveyard is actually a very boring thing.

Constantly digging out the soil and transporting it away is mainly a time-consuming task.

Not only the staff of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, but also many villagers invited from Shuhui Township are also helping to carry out some work of transporting the excavated soil.

In the process of cleaning the tomb, Chen Han couldn't help but wonder and asked Professor Li and Kong Jianwen about it.

Why is this tomb different from the previous "Nine-Story Demon Tower".

If the nine-story demon tower is a burial system used by the Tuyuhun royal family, why is only this one buried like this.

This is different from the situation of other countries and nations.

Let's take an analogy.

The mausoleum system of the Son of Heaven in the Han Dynasty, starting from Taizu Liu Bang, formed a unified system, and everyone was buried like this.

Folk, since the Neolithic period, is a pit tomb, which has not changed for thousands of years.

In modern times, people are cremated and buried in cemeteries, so people do it.

The burial system is such a thing, and once there is a system, it will continue until it is replaced by a new system.

Because for human beings, death is a very serious matter, a thing that needs to be taken seriously.

This is true not only in China, but also in foreign countries.

Egyptian pharaohs built pyramids, not only one, but successive pharaohs would spend manpower and material resources to build pyramids for themselves as mausoleums.

As a country that has ruled Qinghai for more than 300 years, how could the royal family not have a unified tomb culture?

Facing Chen Han's incomprehension and questions.

Professor Li and Kong Jianwen couldn't answer for a while.

They didn't study Tang Dynasty tombs, and they didn't know much about Tuyuhun.

However, the person in charge of the team this time, Professor Ke Weibin Ke, gave an answer.

"As an important node of the Silk Road, the development and prosperity of Qinghai Road is related to Tuyuhun, a branch of the Murong Xianbei tribe who moved westward to Qinghai."

"From the establishment of the Tuyuhun Kingdom in the early 5th century A.D. to the destruction of the Tubo Kingdom in 663 A.D., the Tuyuhun Kingdom lasted more than 350 years."

"When the Tuyuhun Kingdom was strong, it was a powerful regional regime with a land area of 4,000 miles from east to west and 2,000 miles from north to south, which completely controlled the Qinghai region and made outstanding contributions to the development and operation of the Qinghai Road on the Silk Road, as well as trade and cultural exchanges between the East and the West."

"A large number of important relics have been left along the east-west traffic road that connects it."

"Among them, the Hot Water Tomb Group is the most important tomb group."

"From August 1982 to November 1985, the famous "Xuewei No. 1 Tomb" and 50 small tombs around it were excavated for four consecutive years. ”

That is, the "nine-story demon tower" tomb in your mouth, although this tomb has only been excavated on the upper three floors, but the archaeological institute has a deep understanding of the shape of the special nine-story cypress wood of the whole tomb. ”

"The more I know, the more I understand this tomb, not only is it not clear, but the fog is getting more and more."

"There are thousands of Tibetan tombs in and around Dulan that have been discovered, and the tombs extend to the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River."

"Some of the tombs were organized by Ma Bufang engineers in the thirties and forties of the last century."

"Since the 80s of the last century, the Qinghai Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology has long commanded and participated in the excavation of the tombs of Tubo in Dulan."

"Up to now, the total number of tombs that have been discovered in the Dulan Tubo Tomb Group has reached more than 2,000!"

"Among them, the Shuhui Ancient Tomb Group where we are located is the most important one, and it is the area with the highest concentration of Tibetan tombs in the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau."

"There are more than 160 on the north bank, with the Xuewei No. 1 tomb as the center, distributed in a long strip along the foothills to the two wings, extending about 3 kilometers from west to east."

"The cemetery on the south bank is across the river from the Xuewei No. 1 tomb on the north bank, and there are more than 30 tombs."

"Since the beginning of the last century, the School of Archaeology and Museums of Peking University and the Qinghai Institute of Archaeology have excavated the Hot Water Tombs many times, and unearthed a large number of inscriptions, pottery, ancient Tibetan silk books, and wooden scrolls."

"Through the identification of these cultural relics, as well as the techniques and patterns of the unearthed silk fabrics, the age of the ancient tomb is about the middle of the 8th century."

That is to say, although the most well-known tomb of the Hot Water Tomb Group, the "Nine-Story Demon Tower" excavated in 1982, is the tomb of the Tuyuhun royal family. ”

"But! Among the more than 200 tombs in the Hot Water Tomb Group, most of them are not the royal tombs of the heyday of Tuyuhun, but the tombs of the later Tubo period. ”

"The age of the Xuewei No. 1 tomb is around the 6th century AD, and many of the tombs on this side of the Hot Water Tomb Group are tombs from the mid-8th century."

"There are two hundred years in between."

"The Tuyuhun Kingdom flourished in the 5th century AD, and then the regime was destroyed in the 7th century by the Tubo people who came down from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau."

"However, the Tuyuhun regime has perished, but the Tuyuhun people and the Tuyuhun tribe are still there, they live in Tubo and belong to one of the tribes under the Tubo State."

"And culturally, it quickly moved closer to the country of Tibet."

"In the Hot Water Tomb Group, many tombs have found ancient Tibetan written on wooden tablets."

"In terms of historical records, Tuyuhun used to have its own writing."

"But in the high-level tombs of these hot water burial complexes, all the Tibetan languages used in the Tibetan state were found."

"This also shows that after the demise of Tuyuhun, the Tuyuhun people quickly became Tubo and integrated into the Tubo country."

"Although they are still an independent tribe, culturally they are quickly getting closer to the Tibetans."

"Take, for example, the tomb we're excavating right now."

"From the sealed soil on the ground, it can be seen that this tomb is a trapezoidal double compound bucket-shaped sealed soil, which is stacked on top of the trapezoidal platform formed by the natural mountain below."

"From the buildings on the ground, it can be seen that this tomb is composed of concrete rammed walls, stone ring walls, foundations outside the wall, animal burial tombs, and cross-shaped burial tombs."

"There are also relics of combined burial and sacrificial relics composed of horse ditches, cattle pits, and ditch pits on the south flat of the tomb."

"These structures, ancillary relics, and spatial distribution are all consistent with the Tibetan funeral rituals recorded in ancient Tibetan and Chinese historical materials."

"Therefore, although it is said that the hot water tomb group existed in the Tuyuhun period, and the main tomb is the tomb of a Tuyuhun monarch in the sixth century."

"However, in fact, most of the subsidiary tombs buried here are the noble tombs of the Tuyuhun tribe that remained after the destruction of the Tuyuhun Kingdom."

"The nobles of these Tuyuhun tribes, under the rule of the Tubo State, have already been fully Tuboized, including the tomb system, and they have also fully studied the Tubo tomb system."

"Only the only "Nine-Story Demon Tower" tomb is a creation under the Tuyuhun people's own burial system. ”

"It's a pity that this special nine-story cypress tomb may be a burial system that can only be used by the monarch of Tuyuhun State, and before the system can be formed, the Tuyuhun State regime was destroyed by Tubo!"

"That's what I left, the only bottomless special tomb made of nine-story cypress!"