Chapter 303 What was the image of Confucius like two thousand years ago?
A Confucius screen caused a sensation in the entire archaeological base.
It is different from the image of Confucius in most people's impressions.
Generally speaking, the closer you get to the time of Confucius, the more it reflects the true image of Confucius.
Therefore, the portrait of Confucius unearthed from the tomb of the Marquis of Haiding, although it is not 100% sure that it is the true face of Confucius, it leaves people with infinite reverie.
And what does the image of Confucius look like on the screen?
To put it simply, he is a slender, somewhat hunchbacked, goat's beard.
This is very different from the image of Confucius recorded in the history books that "the head is different from ordinary people".
Of course, considering that Confucius's record of "being born with the head on the top of the polder" is a record of Taishi Gong's record, there seems to be nothing difficult to understand.
There is a very special thing about the "Records of History".
That is, all sages, saints, emperors, and Taishi Gong will always write a lot of special metaphysical records for them.
One of the more special ones is that he looks different from others.
It seems that only by being different in this way can we reflect the special features of these people and ordinary people.
Therefore, the head recorded by Confucius in the "Records of the Historians" looks different from that of ordinary people, which may also be the artistic processing of Taishi Gong.
And the image of Confucius on this screen is actually really closer to what Confucius looks like in history.
It's just an ordinary slender old man.
Of course, the craftsmen who make the screens are not masters of scripture, and we cannot rule out the possibility of misinformation caused by word of mouth, or that the craftsmen have made clerical errors."
In other words, since the content of the Confucius screen is only an isolated evidence and is likely to be caused by a writer's mistake or miscommunication, it cannot completely overturn the existing historical records.
However, on this screen, there are not only portraits of Confucius and Yan Hui.
The portraits of the two are only in the middle of the screen, at the left and right ends of the cloak, and there are rows of dense official scripts.
The content of these texts is a written record of Confucius's life experience.
Roughly, it is similar to the life of Confucius recorded in the history books.
However, there are two places that contradict the records in the "Historical Records"!
According to the screen of the tomb of the Marquis of Haiding, Confucius's height is "seven feet nine", which is about 1.82 meters based on 23.1 centimeters of one foot in the Western Han Dynasty.
In the "Historical Records", it is recorded that "nine feet have six inches", which is about 1.91 meters based on a 19.9 cm western ruler.
It is difficult to tell which account is more accurate.
After all, it is indeed a bit difficult for people in the Western Han Dynasty to trace the height of a person in the late Spring and Autumn Period.
Because the weights and measures of the Spring and Autumn period were not unified.
Even if there may have been a record of Confucius's height at that time.
But the "nine feet" or "seven feet" left at that time were Lu rulers, Jin rulers, or Qi rulers?
When it came to the Western Han Dynasty, how to convert?
These things are most likely unclear to historians of the Western Han Dynasty.
Modern people can't figure it out.
The only thing that can be determined is whether Confucius was "seven feet nine" or "nine feet six", whether it was a Zhou ruler or a Han ruler.
In terms of the era in which Confucius lived, Confucius was tall no matter what!
Whether it's 1.8 meters or 1.9 meters, in BC, they were all one in a hundred miles tall!
It is no wonder that no matter who wrote the history, as long as it comes to the height of Confucius, they all agree that Confucius is a big tall man.
In addition to height, there is another record that contradicts the "Historical Records".
The "Historical Records" records that "Confucius was born in the twenty-second year of Lu Xianggong", that is, in 551 BC.
However, the record of the screen of the Marquis of Hailun is "in the sixth year of Lu Zhaogong (536 BC), Confucius was 30 years old (Confucius was 30 years old)".
Therefore, Confucius was born 15 years earlier than recorded in the "Records of the Historians".
In this way, Confucius's lifespan is 15 years longer than the traditional understanding!
15 years,
Not for two or three years!
With such a big gap, it is obviously impossible to make a clerical error or a mistake in Taishi Gong's copying.
It can be said that there are many subversive contents of Confucius screens.
However, the question is, is the Confucius screen reliable?
After all, the Confucius screen appeared after the Records of the Historians, while Sima Qian's Records of the Historians was more rigorous and trustworthy.
The most important thing is that whether it is the life of Confucius in the "Records of the Historians" or the life of Confucius on this screen.
It's all an isolated testimony.
That is, apart from the "Records of the Historians" and this screen, there is no exact record of Confucius in the same period or earlier.
After all, Confucius, a sage, was only revered as a sage after Dong Zhongshu.
Before the Western Han Dynasty, Confucianism was not a prominent scholar, and Confucius was not a universal sage.
At least there won't be too many documents dedicated to recording the date of his birth.
In archaeology, it has always adhered to the scientific concept of "isolated evidence does not stand".
In other words, a single historical fact recorded in one place cannot be used as evidence.
Just like the "Battle of Makino" mentioned earlier, because there are only historical materials handed down from generation to generation, and there is no other evidence to corroborate, there has always been an argument that the "Battle of Makino" does not necessarily exist, or is made up by later generations.
It wasn't until the excavation of the Lie Gui that this bronze Gui, which was born after the end of the Battle of Makino, proved that in the first millennium BC, such a great battle did occur!
This completely proves the authenticity of the Battle of Makino.
Now on this Confucius screen, there are different records from the "Historical Records", but it is only an isolated evidence, but there is no way to overturn the record of the "Historical Records".
However, this screen is also very important.
At least, this screen of the Western Han Dynasty puts forward a second argument for the life of Confucius.
Regardless of who is right and who is wrong, such a new discovery is enough to shock the academic community!
"This screen is actually not a screen, but a mirror screen, but it is a little broken!"
The researcher who took Chen Han and a few of them to see the screen sighed and said, "The screen in front of me with Confucius and Yan Hui is only one-third of the original fragment."
"With the continuous combination and restoration, the research found that the unearthed Confucius mirror screen is mainly composed of two parts."
"Part of it is a mirror, and part of it is a piece of lacquered wood."
"This mirror is a bronze square mirror, 76.3 centimeters long and 46.5 centimeters wide, similar in size to a modern ordinary dressing mirror, and has the practical function of reflecting images."
"The square mirror is embedded in a lacquered wood frame, on which are drawn the four gods of the Eastern Prince, the Western Queen Mother, and the Green Dragon, the White Tiger, the Vermilion Bird, and the Xuanwu."
"On the back of the mirror is a lacquered wooden screen, similar in shape to a screen, on which are painted images and biographies of Confucius, Yan Hui and others."
"So, in fact, the 'screen' we see is just a lacquered plate on the back of the dressing mirror."
"And it's badly broken, only a third of it has been repaired, and two-thirds have not been repaired."
"According to our guess, there should be four more human figures drawn below, as well as some written records."
"But it's going to take a long time to repair before we can uncover the true secrets of this mirror!"