Chapter 182 Military Service System
The compulsory military service system advocated by Qingji is the conscription system.
The conscription system was widespread in ancient times, and almost every dynasty had it, and the more obvious ones were the Three Dynasties, the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period, the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, and the Three Kingdoms.
After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Sixth Army and the Eighth Division were formally organized, but the Sixth Army and the Eighth Division were semi-standing armies that produced in peacetime and fought in wartime, and the Sixth Army was basically composed of the Zhou people in Guanzhong, and the Eighth Division was basically composed of the Yin people who were moved to Luoyang by the Zhou, and there were traces of tribal soldiers.
As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the princes had the armament of one brigade to three armies, and they expanded in the Spring and Autumn Period, but they were basically similar to the Western Zhou Dynasty, but the traces of tribal soldiers slowly faded.
By the time of the Warring States, the scale of the war had expanded, reaching hundreds of thousands to hundreds of thousands of people on both sides participating in the war, and the wars were prolonged, frequent and short-lived.
In addition, the transition from slavery to feudalism was gradually completed, and slaves, who could not be used as a source of soldiers, became peasants and became a source of soldiers, so a large-scale conscription system was formed.
For example, in the battle of Changping of Qin and Zhao, the Qin army surrounded the Zhao army in Changping, and in order to achieve victory in this decisive battle, King Zhaoxiang of Qin personally rushed to Hanoi County and requisitioned all adult men to support the front line.
After the establishment of Qin, Qin Shi Huang requisitioned a large number of manpower to defend the Great Wall, conquer Hetao, Lingnan and other places, and excessive military service was one of the reasons for the fall of the Qin Dynasty.
Conscription during this period was largely temporary, and an institutionalized universal military service system had not yet been established!
In the Han Dynasty, the imperial court basically established a universal compulsory military service system, but the demobilization system was not perfect, so there was the phenomenon of "fifteen military conscriptions, eighty years to return" as mentioned in the Han Yue Fu.
During the Three Kingdoms period, due to frequent wars, the number of conscripts was larger, such as Cao Cao once "collected one million yellow turbans from Qingzhou, and selected 300,000 of them as Qingzhou soldiers", and Wu also forced Shanyue to go out of the mountains as soldiers, and there were more than 100,000 in the history books.
After the Three Kingdoms, some dynasties implemented the military household system, and some implemented conscription, but the conscription system has always existed, especially in the event of a large-scale war, in order to meet the needs of the war, the imperial court has a large number of conscriptions.
For example, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty "added a military government in Shandong and swept the ground for soldiers" in order to conquer Goryeo.
In Du Fu's poems, he wrote, "Staying in Shiqiao Village at night, there are officials who catch people at night", and "then taking the middle man to the line", all of which show that the Tang Dynasty was a rebellion in the history of peace, and even the old man and the fourteen or fifteen-year-old boy did not let go.
Qingji naturally couldn't have done so much.
The rest of the military household system, the unity army system, the militia system, the conscription system, the guard system, the Eight Banners Green Battalion system, etc., Qingji will not consider implementing it in Wu State, and it should not be appropriate at all.
"Great King, if such a military service system is reformed, won't the standing army of our Wu State in the future become a guard and a tiger, not a producer, and a division specializing in military affairs? In this way, the financial burden of the state must be increased! ”
Dazai Jiza had such worries in his heart, so he said in a deep voice to Keji.
Qingji had already considered this for a long time, and said: "Dazai, the widow means, this compulsory military service system is not a soldier who does not produce. ”
"But from now on, the soldiers of my Wu country will become professional soldiers, just like the farmers and businessmen."
"These professional soldiers, who are recruited every three years by the will of the widows, range in age from sixteen to thirty. Such as a division of 15,000, survival of the fittest, a rotation of 5,000 people. ”
He is familiar with history and has a sense of foresight, but he is very aware of the importance of professional soldiers.
Professional soldiers are elite!
In ancient China, there were no professional legions like Rome.
Although there was a standing army very early, it was not the land that was used as a lifelong occupation by the Roman legions and was compensated by the state after retirement, but a battalion of iron-clad soldiers, who returned home to farm after a few years of military service, and there was no additional state compensation.
Even in the Ming Dynasty, the regular army was also a guard soldier of the cantonment system, although it was a soldier according to the household registration generation, but in fact, farming was more than fighting!
In the late imperial period, the Roman legion system was unsustainable, because of the lack of newly conquered lands to continue to distribute to the soldiers, the legions became iron rice bowls, and without motivation, the army lost its combat effectiveness.
Therefore, every military service system has its own flaws.
Now it is not difficult for Wu to raise 15,000 professional soldiers.
The difficulty lies in how to keep them in high combat effectiveness.
"King, if there is a big war, I wonder if the country will recruit soldiers and horses?"
"That's nature. The standing army of 15,000 people is only in the peacetime of our Wu country, if there is a big war, it will also recruit soldiers and horses, but it will not enjoy the treatment of the standing army! ”
Hearing Qingji say this, Ji Za couldn't help but breathe a sigh of relief.
It is conceivable that under Qingji's compulsory military service system, the combat effectiveness of the Wu army will definitely be stronger, and even if it encounters a major battle, the retired soldiers can be called back and quickly restore their original combat effectiveness.
……
In the west of Wudu City, outside the Yaxing, it is already crowded and bustling.
I saw that a group of stubborn Wu soldiers came to the gate of Yaxing, and expelled the people inside Yazi and his entourage, as well as hundreds of poor slaves in ragged clothes, to the street and strictly guarded them.
"What to do? Wait, what are you doing! ”
"I don't pay commercial taxes for the country, and I never evade taxes, so how can I seize my dental shop?"
"I'm going to sue you!"
The people were angry, and said angrily at a nearby Wu military captain.
The captain at the head just sneered, then took out a bamboo slip, stuffed it into the man's teeth, and said, "Open your dog's eyes and take a good look!" ”
"This is a royal decree! From now on, within the state of Wu, it is forbidden to hunt slaves, all tooth shops are banned, and the slaves of the tooth shop are all purchased at a flat price, thinking that they are official slaves! ”
"What's ...... What? ”
The human tooth was stunned for a moment, and then opened the bamboo slip again to see, and it was really a notice on it, the latest decree issued by the state!
Rao is like this, and the human teeth still can't calm down.
"If the king does this, he is not afraid that there will be no slaves in the Wu Kingdom?"
"That's not something you need to worry about!"
The lieutenant sneered and said, "Wait here." Later a judge will come and check with you, and the state will buy every slave at an equal price. ”
Hearing this, the human tooth stomped his feet, but he was helpless!
Who made this an edict of King Wu Qingji, a decree of the state?
He is just a person, a little person who is not a nobleman, how can he oppose the king?
In addition to Wudu, the county orders of the rest of Zhufang, Yunyang, Yanling, Zhoulai and other counties, after receiving the royal decree of Qingji, posted notices at the gate of the city, and then sent troops to seal up the Yaxing everywhere.
If this had been placed in the past, the nobles who were the feudal lords might have disobeyed the yin, but those county orders who were mostly outsiders, how could they not take this opportunity to hug Qingji's big thick legs tightly?
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