Legend has it that Prague was founded by Princess Libus and her husband, the farmer Pemisol, who founded the Khöshmisso dynasty (P?emyslid) after Pemisol.

Legend has it that the princess prophesied many times in her castle of Libusin in Central Bohemia, one of which prophesied the glory of Prague.

- "I saw it on the steep cliffs of the Vltava River in the forest, and there was a man who was digging out the prah for the house, and there he was going to build a castle called Praha.

Princes and dukes were to stoop before the threshold, bowing to the castle and the city that surrounded it. so that it will be honored, and it will be honored by all, and the whole world will praise it."

Whether the legend is true or not, Prague is indeed built around the Vyördråd Castle, built in the 9th century on the right bank of the Vltava River.

Later, another castle was built on the other side of the river, which is today's Prague Castle.

Prague reached its heyday in the 14th century under the reign of Charles IV of the Luxembourg dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire.

Charles IV, the eldest son of a Czech princess and John of Luxembourg, was born in Prague in 1316 and became King of Bohemia in 1346 when his father died.

As a result of his struggle, the Diocese of Prague was elevated to the status of Archdiocese in 1344.

In 1355, Charles was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome. Prague became the capital of the Holy Roman Empire.

Charlie wanted Prague to be one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

He built Prague into the most glorious city in the empire. The most prominent building in the city is the Cathedral of St. Vitus. In Central Europe the magnificent Gothic was first adopted, and the interior decoration was in an independent artistic style, known as the Bohemian School.

On April 7, 1348, he founded the first universities in Central, Northern and Eastern Europe.

Known today as Charles University, it is the oldest university in the Czech Republic and the first university in Germany.

In the same year, he also founded Nove Město next to the old town and built the Charles Bridge between the new town and the small town.

He also built many new churches.

At the time, Prague was the third largest city in Europe and had a mint where German and Italian merchants and bankers gathered.

From 1402 onwards, Hus, a professor of theology at Charles University, preached in the chapel of Bethlehem in Czech, allowing the laity to receive Holy Communion and Holy Blood with the clergy, and was condemned as heresy by the Holy See and burned at the stake in Constance on July 6, 1415.

Four years later, the first throw-out of the window took place in Prague, triggering the Hussite War.

From 1526 onwards, Bohemia was under Habsburg rule.

During the reign of Rudolf II (1576-1612), the capital of the Holy Roman Empire was again established in Prague.

In addition to his passion for astrology and magic, he also loved art, which made Prague the cultural capital of Europe, gathering a group of astronomers and painters such as Kepler.

In 1617, Emperor Ferdinand II, a Catholic, ascended the throne and resolved to no longer tolerate Protestants.

In 1618, another throw-out incident occurred in Prague, triggering the Thirty Years' War.

In 1621, at the Battle of White Mountain, not far outside the city, the Czech army was defeated and 27 Protestant nobles were executed in the Old Town Square.

After the Swedish army captured and sacked Prague in 1648 and the Holy Roman Emperor moved his court to Vienna, Prague entered a period of depression and the city's population fell from 60,000 to 20,000 before the war.

Prague was destroyed by a fire in 1689, after which the city was rebuilt.

In the 18th century, the city's economy continued to rise, and by 1771 it had 80,000 inhabitants, many of whom were nobles and wealthy merchants, and many palaces, churches and gardens were built in the city, which gained a worldwide reputation in the richly decorated Baroque style.

In 1784, the original four boroughs – Hrad?any (west and north of the castle), Mala Strana (south of the castle), Stare Město (also east of the castle, across the river from the castle) and Nove Město (southeast) – were officially merged into one city.

In 1806, by order of Napoleon, the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved, and Emperor Francis II renounced the title of Holy Roman Emperor and changed his name to Emperor Francis I of Austria.

The Revolution of 1848 shook all of Europe, as well as Prague, but was violently suppressed.

The following year, the Czech nationalist movement (against another nationalist party, United German) began to rise until it won a majority in the city council in 1861.

In the 19th century, the city of Prague continued to expand.

In 1850, the Jewish Quarter (Josefov) was incorporated into the city of Prague.

In 1883, the city of Prague added the Vyöehrad district.

The Industrial Revolution had a huge impact on Prague because of the fact that there were coal mines and steel factories in the nearby area, which was advantageous for opening factories.

Bohemia became the richest region within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The first suburb, Karlin, was formed in 1817 and 20 years later had a population of 100,000.

In 1842, the first railway was built in Prague.

After the end of World War I, the Austro-Hungarian Empire was defeated, Prague became the capital of the newly formed Czechoslovakia, and Prague Castle became the presidential palace.

During this period, Prague was still known for its industrial development.

At the beginning of 1922, the 37 surrounding municipalities were transferred to Prague, and the number of inhabitants increased to 676,000. In 1930 the population reached 850,000. By 1938, the population of Prague had increased to 1 million.

On March 10, 1939, Hitler ordered German troops to occupy Prague and establish the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.

On May 5, 1945, the Czechs in Prague launched the Prague Uprising against the occupation.

On the same day, the U.S. captured Plzeň, just an hour from Prague (while Soviet troops were still on the Moravian border), and General Patton attempted to liberate Prague, but was stopped by General Eisenhower.

According to the secret agreement previously reached at the Yalta Conference, Bohemia was to be liberated by the Red Army.

On May 9, 1945 (the day after Germany's official surrender), Soviet tanks marched into Prague.

After the war, Prague again became the capital of Czechoslovakia.

A few months after the end of the war, Soviet troops left Czechoslovakia, but the Soviet Union maintained a strong political influence over the Czech Republic.

In February 1948, the Communists took over power in Prague.

At this time, Prague's long-term intellectually active group could not adapt to the repressive control of the post-war period, and in 1967, at the Fourth Congress of the Czechoslovak Writers' Association held in the city, Milan? Many writers, such as Kundera, began to criticize the Communist Party.

On January 5, 1968, the new leader of the Czech Republic, Aleksandr ? Dubcek began a campaign of political democratization, the Prague Spring.

On August 20 of the same year, the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact countries invaded the Czech Republic and extinguished the movement.

In 1989, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the streets of Prague were filled with crowds and the Velvet Revolution began, freeing Czechoslovakia from the influence of the Communist Party and the former Soviet Union.

After the partition of Czechoslovakia in 1993, Prague became the capital of the Czech Republic.

Prague is a city steeped in history, and from the 13th to the 15th centuries was an important economic, political and cultural center of Central Europe.

The city is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with many historic sites and more than 2,000 historical relics under national key protection.

Prague is a well-known tourist city with a large number of buildings from all historical periods and styles: from Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, Art Nouveau to Cubism and Ultramodernism, with Baroque and Gothic architecture in particular.

It is no exaggeration to say that in almost every street of the old town, you can find buildings of various forms from the 13th century onwards.

For example, the famous St. Vitus Church, built in 1344, the great stone bridge of Charles built in 1357 with many icons on the Vltava River, the great stone bridge of great artistic value, Charles University, the oldest institution of higher learning in Central Europe, built in 1348, the splendid Prague Palace and the historic National Theater, etc.

The overall impression of Prague architecture is that the top of the building is particularly varied, and the colors are extremely brilliant (red tiles and yellow walls), so it has the reputation of "City of a Thousand Towers" and "Golden City", and is known as one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.

Some of the remote and quiet streets of the old town still retain their medieval appearance, with stone-paved streets, old gaslamps and many houses with religious frescoes.

With the development of urban traffic, many streets in the old town have become too narrow for cars and trams to pass through one-way.

The Old Town Square in the heart of the old town has been around for more than 900 years and is a place for mass gatherings.

The Old Town Hall on the square, built in 1338, is a Gothic building.

To the south of the square is the famous Karolinum Palace, which is the oldest building in Charles University. Near Karolinum Palace is the famous Bethlehem Church.

The Gunpowder Gatehouse is the only surviving of the 13 gates in the Old City.

The bell tower on the square was built in 1410 and is famous for its exquisite chiming bells, although the façade of the bell tower has partially peeled away due to age.

Visitors to Prague always head to the Old Town Square to see the old bell tower, and Prague citizens who pass by it often stop to proofread their watches.

At the hour, the doors of the clock open automatically, the bells ring in unison, and 12 icons appear in the windows one by one, bowing to the people.

This intricate and wonderful chiming clock, built by a fitter in the mid-15th century with hammers, pliers, files and other tools, is still accurate and has become a treasure to be admired.

The new town is a bustling business district, with the famous Wenceslas Square, the Dvořák Museum, and more.

There is also the Lesser Town, which has preserved its medieval charm and is home to many palace-like buildings in the Baroque style.

The city is mostly winding and narrow streets, and the most famous building here is the Church of St. Nicholas, built in the 17th-18th centuries, which is known as a fine example of Baroque religious architecture in Prague.

Prague is not only old European, but also modern.

The new building "Dance Skirt" on the banks of the Vltava River has won the World Architecture Award. The flowing lines of metal and cement, in the colour palette of the surrounding history, are not at all artificial, making the city even more vibrant.

Modern Prague offers more than just bohemian romance.

Prague is also one of Europe's cultural powerhouses, with many outstanding figures in music, literature and many other fields in history, such as composers Mozart, Smetana, Dvořák, writer Reiner? Maria? Rilke, Franz? Kafka, Milan? Kundera, Wenceslas? Havel and others carried out creative activities in the city.

Today, the city retains a strong cultural atmosphere, with numerous cultural institutions such as opera houses, concert halls, museums, galleries, libraries, cinemas, and an endless stream of annual cultural events.

I was fascinated by Prague, and although there is no Trevi Fountain on Prague Square, there is so much to look forward to, where many stories of joy and sorrow begin and end, and where the best of Czech art and the joys and sorrows of history are condensed.

It is mysterious, beautiful, brilliant, elegant, with a hint of melancholy.

It is the music of Mozart and Vivaldi, the novels of Kafka and Milan Kundera, and it is a place where art and dreams intertwin.

Walking is the best way to get around Prague, and you can take your time to feel the heartbeat and pulse of the city.

At night, Prague is like a city of elves.

Old-fashioned horse-drawn carriages carry curious tourists through the square, and the horses' hooves make a crisp sound against the stone pavement; The attic of the castle is lit up and flickering, as if the princess in the story will appear in the window at any time; The loud music and the sound of crisp glasses colliding in the tavern make people feel warm and intimate.

At this time, visitors seem to be in medieval Europe, or a fairy tale world, and will instinctively forget the existence of time, fall into the time tunnel and get lost in Prague Square.