Chapter 624: The Status of Language (Part II)
Now I want to talk about the Russian language that my colleagues disdain.
Russian Русскийязык is one of the six working languages of the United Nations. It is the only official language of Russia and one of the official languages of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
A mother tongue is spoken by 150 million people and a second language is spoken by about 110 million people.
Russian belongs to the East Slavic language family of the Indo-Slavic language family and is the most widely spoken language in the Slavic language family.
The Russian language is mainly used in Russia and other member states of the former Soviet Union. It was widely used as the first foreign language instruction in schools in Warsaw Pact member states. In the USSR, Russians were greatly valued in their republics.
Although many countries in the former Soviet Union have begun to emphasize the importance of local languages in modern times, Russian is still the most widely spoken language in these regions and the language used for communication in these countries.
After the upheavals in Eastern Europe in 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, independent states reversed the dominance of the Russian language by encouraging their native languages, but its role as a communication between most of Eastern Europe and Central Asia remained unchanged.
In Latvia, more than a third of the Russian-speaking population comes mainly from pre-war Russian and Soviet immigrants. The use of Russian in the classroom is still a matter of debate. And in Estonia, Soviet-era immigrants and their descendants make up about a quarter of the country's current population.
In Lithuania, the Russian-speaking population represents less than a tenth of the country's population as a whole. However, about 80% of the population of the Baltic region can converse in basic Russian. And in Finland, which was once part of Russia, there are still several Russian-speaking communities.
In Israel, at least 750,000 Soviet Jewish immigrants speak Russian (1999 census). The Russian language is also often used in Israeli news, websites and publications.
In North America, there are sizable Russian-speaking communities, especially in urban areas in the United States and Canada such as New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Toronto, Miami, Chicago, and Richmond Heights in the suburbs of Cleveland.
In New York and Los Angeles alone, the Russian-speaking population is estimated at 500,000. They publish their own newspapers, and live in self-sufficient areas (especially immigrants from the sixties onwards).
According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 1.50% of the population of the United States speaks Russian, or about 4.2 million people, the tenth largest Chinese language in the United States.
From the early 20th century, there were also many Russian-speaking immigrants in Europe. The Russian-speaking communities in Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece and Turkey have a total of three million people.
In China, it is mainly distributed in the Ili, Tacheng, and ALT regions of the XJ Uygur Autonomous Region, and the Manzhouli and Erguna ethnic groups in HLBE City of the NMG Autonomous Region, and the Russian language is spoken.
Russian is the official language of Russia, as well as the internationally recognized "Republic of Transnistria", "South Ossetia" and "Abkhazia".
The Russian language has a wide vocabulary, with the oldest words inherited from Proto-Indo-European; Words produced during the Proto-Slavonic and Eastern Slavic periods; A word that has been produced since the independent development of the Russian language in the 14th century. In addition, the Russian language has borrowed many loanwords from various historical periods. Foreign words in the field of Russian science and technology were borrowed from German at the beginning of the 18th century, French in the 19th century, and English, mainly American English, from the middle of the 20th century onwards. Since the 50s of the 20th century, the scope of use of the Russian language in the international community has expanded significantly.
The early use of hieroglyphs by the Slavs was influenced by the Greek and Latin alphabets during the formation of the Slavic alphabet, with Кириллл (Cyril in English, Cyrillic or Kirill in Chinese, 826-869) and Мефодий (820-885) simplifying the Greek alphabet and creating the Cyrillic alphabet (Кириллица, Cyrillic in English, also known as "Kirillic" or "Serylik" in Chinese), At that time, the Cyrillic alphabet was different from the Cyrillic alphabet used today, both in number and shape, and after several evolutions, it finally formed today's Cyrillic alphabet.
The scripts used by today's Slavic peoples are divided into two categories: the Latin alphabet and the Cyrillic alphabet. The most representative is the "Serbo-Croatian", which is the same language, with the Serbs using the Cyrillic alphabet and the Croats using the Latin alphabet. Due to traditional and emotional factors, the Cyrillic alphabet is used by the pro-Russian people and the Latin alphabet by the pro-Western peoples. When the Russians could not use the Cyrillic alphabet to input, they had to use the Latin alphabet, such as telegraphs and communication software that did not support the Cyrillic alphabet, and the Russian on the telex was in the Latin alphabet.
Mongolia used the Cyrillic alphabet and created the Cyrillic Mongolian script.
It is true that, as my colleague said, the grammar of the Russian language is rigorous and rich, but it is precisely because of this that the Russian people have developed a deep and rigorous habit of thinking. Not to mention the creation of the insurmountable peak of Russian literature in human history.
I do not deny that English has an absolute advantage as the world's number one lingua franca, but it is definitely not up to the language itself to become the world's lingua franca. Portuguese, Arabic, Chinese, French, Greek, Hebrew, etc., have all served as lingua franca to some extent.
Andrei told me that he came to Moscow to study because his grandfather wanted him to learn one more language.
I have always been supportive of learning a foreign language. But my concept of a foreign language is more than just English. I think many people in China are very numb and ignorant of foreign languages other than English. Learning English is necessary to understand the world we live in, but it is definitely not enough!
Some people ridicule people who don't know foreign languages as frogs at the bottom of a well, but on the other hand think that they can conquer the world by learning an English, this kind of arrogance is not only ridiculous, it is simply a little sad, but from another well to see another piece of heaven, but feel that they have seen through the universe and overlooked all beings.