Steven Davis and Samus Evatt confirmed the correctness of the method for calculating the critical temperature of single-element superconductivity mentioned in the paper "The Law of Superconductivity and Critical Constants".

After receiving the news, Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of the journal Nature, was still a little hesitant about whether the paper would be approved, because the content of the paper was so shocking that it would definitely have a very big impact as long as it was published.

This is not a matter of mathematical theory, and even if it turns out to be wrong, it will only affect the author and the authority of the journal.

As long as the 'law of superconductivity' is released, it will definitely affect the entire field of physics, and when the time comes, many scientific institutions will follow up and do research."

Magdalena Skipper thought about it for a while, but decided to find another expert to review, and she contacted Charles Kane, an authority in the field of 'topological physics'.

Thirty years ago, there was no such thing as 'topological physics', topology only existed as a separate mathematical discipline, and after Duncan-Haldane and his colleagues published the theory of 'superconducting topological phase transition', topology was introduced into the study of condensate physics, and slowly formed the research field of 'topological physics'.

That didn't start when Duncan Haldane and his colleagues won the Nobel Prize, but after they published their research more than three decades ago.

It is precisely because of the research in related fields in recent years that Duncan Haldane and his colleagues won the Nobel Prize for introducing topology into the physics research system.

Most of the research on 'topological physics' has been completed in the past two decades.

The research team at Caltech discovered that some insulators made of heavy elements can generate their own magnetic fields through the internal interaction between electrons and atomic nuclei, and make the electrons on the surface of the material have a transformation-resistant "topological protection" state, allowing them to flow with little resistance.

They then showed that this effect exists in bismuth antimonide crystals, which are called topological insulators.

This discovery shook the world of physics.

Edward Witten, a string theorist at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University, argues that "topological states are far from being bizarre exceptions, they seem to offer a wide range of possibilities for discovering unknown effects in nature." ”

Later, many physicists joined the research, and there were many advances, such as Edward-Witten's topological quantum field theory.

Charles Kane's team at the University of Pennsylvania has made remarkable achievements in practical physics research, discovering that electrons and other particles sometimes collectively exhibit certain states in topological materials.

In these states, they behave like an elementary particle.

After completing his research, Charles Kane explained in an introductory interview, "These 'quasiparticle' states may have properties that are not present in any known elementary particles, and they can even simulate particles that physicists have not yet discovered." ”

The 'microscopic morphology within conductors' that Wang Hao is studying is very similar to Charles Kane's work.

Charles Kane wasn't a guest editor of Nature, but Magdalena Skipper must have found the right person when she approached Charles.

When Charles Kane received the message, he was in his office drinking coffee and checking his email.

In fact, he is also somewhat uncertain about his research.

Many people believe that his research on the 'special form of particles' may win the Nobel Prize in physics in the future.

Only Charles Kane himself knows that he has only made corresponding deductions based on experiments, rather than determining the existence of 'special forms of particles'.

In addition, his research is said to be very influential, and it is only in the field of 'topological physics'.

This is a completely new field that has not received much recognition, because the research involves a lot of theoretical derivation, and it is difficult to verify whether it is correct or not.

"Even if it is verified, it is only a continuation of topological physics and wins the Nobel Prize?"

Charles Kane shook his head self-deprecatingly, opened an email from the editorial office of Nature, and only noticed that he was invited to review the manuscript.

Nature magazine?

Review?

Charles Kane subconsciously wanted to refuse, he didn't like to do reviewers, because research in the same industry involves a lot of theoretical derivations, and even he doesn't necessarily guarantee accuracy.

He was about to write a rejection email when he noticed that the review invitation was specially marked --

The paper involves the study of the 'special morphology of particles' in conductors, which is very similar to Mr. Kane's research, and is a further extension, and also derives the 'law of elemental superconductivity'.

"Is it designed to study the 'special morphology of particles'? And the 'law of superconductivity of the elements'? ”

"What's that?"

Charles Kane was immediately interested, and he immediately turned his rejection into an agreement.

After the email was sent, he only waited for ten minutes before he received a specific paper with the title "The Law of Superconductivity and the Critical Constant".

Charles Kane downloaded the paper, opened it, and shouted to his assistant, "Buy me a burger and a cup of black coffee." ”

Soon the burger and coffee were delivered to hand.

Charles Kane read the paper carefully while eating.

After reading half a page, he couldn't eat anymore, forgot to swallow his mouth full of burgers, and stared at the content on the screen with wide eyes.

New geometry!

Semi-topology!

A special microscopic form that directly determines the critical temperature of elemental superconductivity!

Where is this a further extension of the 'special form of particles'?

This is a blockbuster achievement that surpasses the research results of 'special forms of particles' dozens or even hundreds of times, can lead 'topological physics' to glory, and once again set off a global superconductivity research boom!

……

Seohai University.

The AC gravity project has completed a phase of research, and the whole laboratory is making summaries, reports, writing papers, and so on.

Wang Hao submitted his theoretical research to the journal Nature, others also had to write some related papers, and Factory 244 had to write a detailed experimental report on the progress of alternating gravity.

This series of experiments is for the purpose of theoretical research, and there is also an increase in the direction of AC gravity in the middle, and the replacement of low-temperature superconducting materials directly improves the strength of AC gravity field, with a maximum of more than 24%, which is definitely a remarkable achievement.

The only regret is that no 'peculiar' phenomenon was found.

Wang Hao hoped to discover the special phenomenon that the AC gravitational field strength before the critical temperature of superconductivity is higher than that of the superconducting state, but in the end he was unable to achieve it.

The so-called special phenomenon is like the process of pinching an orange vigorously, before the orange is pinched and popped, the juice squirted out on one side may be more 'strong' than after the pinch and pop.

As long as special phenomena can be generated, it will play a great role in follow-up research, and the follow-up research and development direction can be directly found, and the theoretical content will be greatly strengthened, so as to explore the mysteries of superconductivity at the molecular level, and even complex organic molecules.

"However, there is no special phenomenon, and it is also a result, indicating that the superconductivity of a single element is likely to not exist in this phenomenon." Wang Hao thought.

After completing a phase of the project, he was relatively leisurely, and still had time to 'move' with others.

The Mason Mason Lab moved to the newly built building, and he and the others were busy all day, just packing up their things and moving to the office in the new building.

After that, the Mason Number Lab held a special ceremony to celebrate the official opening of the new laboratory building.

After three busy days, the lab calmed down and all the lab staff moved to the new building, followed by the first internal meeting for the lab to be opened.

The first meeting was still about development, projects, and work.

All fellows are required to participate.

The conference hall is also used for the first time, and everyone has a sense of freshness, and they have been in for a long time to wait.

Zhang Zhiqiang got together with Qi Xiao, Zheng Yaojun and Luo Dayong, and he was the center of several people, "When the laboratory moves here, I feel that it is the official beginning." ”

"Today's meeting talks about the project, if you really want to talk about the project, it still depends on me!" Zhang Zhiqiang patted his chest and said, "I wrote a report with Professor Qi and applied for a project from the Science Foundation, and it is estimated that I can apply for more than one million grants." ”

"There's already news over there that let's go to the review meeting."

"Seriously, the laboratory relies on Wang Hao, but I am the one who runs before and after, and with this project with more than one million funds, there will be no problem at least this year and next year."

"On the project of the laboratory, it still depends on me!"

Qi Xiao and Zheng Yaojun nodded in response.

Zhang Zhiqiang's work is in the eyes, whether it is the work of the laboratory or the problem of project application, he is very positive.

Luo Dayong pursed his lips vigorously.

Zhu Ping also pouted.

They have long been accustomed to Zhang Zhiqiang's showy and showy stinky problems.

Zhu Ping was invited by Wang Hao, she is not a researcher at the Mason Number Lab, but she was invited to participate in the project, and she didn't know what she was going to do.

At 7:50, Wang Hao arrived.

He did a morning workout, and then went to the restaurant for breakfast, and looked at the time when it was almost over, but he didn't expect so many people in the conference room.

"Everyone's so early?"

Wang Hao was a little surprised, and when he saw that everyone had already arrived, he also said officially, "Our first meeting, we don't need to be so formal." ”

"I'm talking about new projects."

"Foundation projects?" Zhang Zhiqiang suddenly came to his senses.

"It's not."

Wang Hao gave a negative answer, and then said, "The project applied by the foundation is still Professor Zhang, you can follow up." ”

"Good!"

Zhang Zhiqiang suddenly straightened his back, feeling that he had received great attention.

Wang Hao continued, "I said a new project today, or docking with the Systems Engineering Department of the Space Administration. The cost of this project is about 10 million, and I have to talk to the Systems Engineering Division about it. ”

The others perked up when they heard this.

With a funding of 10 million, it is definitely a super project in the field of mathematical computing.

Wang Hao directly assigned the work, he glanced at the crowd, and said, "Professor Zheng, you are still responsible for talking with the system engineer and docking the project." ”

"Good!"

The last project was Zheng Yaojun in charge of docking.

Wang Hao continued, "Professor Qi, you are in charge of the auxiliary calculation work, and the auxiliary calculation this time is more complicated, so you and the rest of the laboratory will do this work together. ”

"No problem." Qi Xiao nodded and said.

Wang Hao looked at Zhu Ping and said, "Sister Zhu, you really have a job to come today." With the strength of our laboratory, it is still very difficult to do this project, so you are in charge of the personnel work, and I will give you a task. ”

"What task?" Zhu Ping's face was suddenly full of excitement, she had never participated in such a big project.

10 million projects!

Even if you do the work in the corners, you can get a lot of bonuses.

Wang Hao said, "That's right, there is a professor named Tian Hong at Capital University, who may be interested in coming to work in our laboratory, so you are responsible for doing work for her and trying to dig her into our laboratory......"

"No problem!"

Zhu Ping suddenly laughed, she thought it was some kind of difficult work, but she didn't expect it to be poaching?

The other party is still a female professor?

Isn't this a professional counterpart...... Ahem, her face suddenly became very complicated when she thought about it, but she still exhaled lightly in her heart, mainly not a professional job.

"And." Wang Hao said, "You should also pay attention to the School of Science, whether there is a better doctor of mathematics, for example, Sun Jian." ”

"This time it's all about math."

"Leave it to me!" Zhu Ping suddenly realized how important her work was.

Isn't this the Director of People?

Wang Hao explained some of the work, and the meeting could be over.

Everyone else was talking excitedly about the new project.

Zhang Zhiqiang sat stunned in place, and finally couldn't help but point to himself and ask, "What about me?" What about me? ”

Wang Hao asked suspiciously, "Aren't you in charge of following up on that million-dollar Science Foundation project?" ”

"Uh~~"

If you can participate in a 10-million-level project, who wants to follow up on a million-level project!

Zhang Zhiqiang didn't know what to say for a while.

He just had a grudge on his face, like an abandoned little daughter-in-law.

……

Wang Hao is not particularly targeting Zhang Zhiqiang, but because Zhang Zhiqiang has no doctoral students, and he definitely can't catch up with Professor Qi Xiao in terms of work experience.

In addition, the project is mainly based on mathematics, and Zhang Zhiqiang's mathematics level is a little worse, and it is difficult to do anything when he joins the project.

Therefore, it is most suitable for Zhang Zhiqiang to be in charge of other projects.

After being assigned work on a new project, Wang Hao's life became idle again, and he also had time to care about his graduate students.

The first is Qiu Hoi An.

Wang Hao was particularly concerned about Qiu Hui'an's research progress, and found that Qiu Hui'an's research on Le Jeander's conjecture could be said to have reached the final stage.

"Just go one step further and you're done!"

With Wang Hao's level of mathematics, you only need to listen to the content to know the progress.

He is also very satisfied with Qiu Hoi An's progress.

However, there is only one step missing, and there is still a lot worse, and many studies are the last step away, that is, they can't move forward for a long time, or even have to give up in the end.

"If you can take this step on your own, it will be very meaningful for your personal development and future research." Wang Hao said very seriously.

Qiu Hui'an's spirit was lifted when he listened, and he was very much looking forward to completing his research.

After that, Wang Hao paid attention to Ding Zhiqiang again.

He called Ding Zhiqiang to the office and asked about the recent study progress, and then was surprised to find that Ding Zhiqiang had taught himself algebraic geometry?

He asked quietly, and found that Ding Zhiqiang's learning was still very stable.

Wang Hao's eyes were suddenly full of appreciation, and at the same time, he couldn't help but be proud of his own vision.

Ding Zhiqiang is indeed a genius!

Genius and hard work already have the foundation for success!

The other side.

In the graduate student's workshop, Helen, Chen Mengmeng, Xu Jie and Qiu Hui'an got together.

Helen was giving the other three people a complicated math explanation, "Look at these basic numbers. ”

"This is the data that was extracted from the experiment, and we built a graph based on each piece of data."

She spent a few charts on the whiteboard, "through which each parameter was calculated separately......"

She began to calculate.

After completing a series of calculations, he continued, "Look at these values, compare them, and then take the average ......."

"The final number is 81."

Xu Jie grinned in surprise, "So you analyzed that Ding Zhiqiang's IQ is 81?" ”

"81, fail, right? Is he a fool? ”

Helen said seriously, "It's a passing number, and it can be rated as 'excellent'. ”

"Excellent?"

"Then you think I ......"

Xu Jie just wanted to point to himself, but then he simply pointed at Qiu Huian and asked, "Ding Zhiqiang is only 81, how much is Qiu Huian?" ”

"Higher than 87."

Helen gave a number with certainty.

"What about Chen Mengmeng?"

“79。”

"Lower than Ding Zhiqiang?" Xu Jie whispered to Chen Mengmeng, "I think Helen is scolding you, but I don't dare to say it." ”

Chen Mengmeng rubbed her eyes, feeling that between Xu Jie and Helen, she still had to choose to stand with Helen.

After all, they're all girls.

But Helen said that she only had an IQ of 79, which was really unpleasant, and she still asked, "Helen, what is your standard of judgment?" How much of yourself is that? ”

"A hundred."

"Only a hundred?"

Helen nodded and said seriously, "One hundred is the highest number. Actually, a new definition that I have researched myself, I don't think the internationally accepted definition of IQ makes any sense, it's just a false measurement. ”

"So I came up with a new way of definition, which is the method of contrast."

"In this method, Mr. Wang and I are the objects of comparison, and our IQ is set to a full value of 100 points."

“……”

“……”

The other three were stunned.

They still feel very strange that Helen defines herself as a hundred, but when they think that Teacher Wang Hao is only a hundred, and they can reach around eighty, it is indeed not low.

It's much more comfortable to think about it this way.

Xu Jie was also interested, he pointed to himself and asked, "What about me?" How much am I? You said Chen Mengmeng, you said Qiu Hui'an, you haven't said me? ”

"...... you?"

Helen stared at Xu Jie with her chin propped up, obviously falling into a deep thought.

After waiting for a long time, I saw her say, "That's a problem." ”

She suddenly walked to her desk, took out a paper from it, handed it to Xu Jie and said, "Otherwise, let's retest?" ”

Xu Jie wanted to beat people up a bit.

He took a deep breath and kept muttering 'not angry', 'not angry', 'don't worry about little girls', 'my IQ is also a hundred'.

……

In the relaxed atmosphere of the laboratory, Wang Hao spent a quiet month.

He only instructs students, takes time to give lectures, occasionally goes to the physics lab, and only cares about other people's summaries of experiments in the past.

Soon.

At the beginning of November, the journal Nature Physics published a 13-page paper that caught the attention of all the physics community with just one title.

The Law of Superconductivity and the Critical Constant.

"The law of superconductivity?"

"Critical constant?"

Most people outside the physics field don't feel cold when they see the title of the paper, but the physics industry is different, they realize that it must be a blockbuster research, and they immediately look at the paper, and then they see the first author of the paper.

Xihai University, Physics Laboratory, Wang Hao.

The youngest Fields winner?

After opening the paper, on the first page, I saw the comment of reviewer Les Kane, "This is the greatest progress in the discovery of superconductivity in the past century!"

It will bring 'topological physics' to glory and set off a global boom in superconductivity research! ”

Two comments with an exclamation point attracted the attention of countless physicists, and then immediately looked at the paper, and then they knew why Charles Kane said that.

The law of superconductivity, calculating the critical temperature of superconductivity of an element!

What kind of results is this?

Since the discovery of superconductivity a hundred years ago, the theoretical mechanism of superconductivity and the application technology of superconductivity have been in a seemingly unrelated segmented state.

From the BCS theory in the 50s to the superconducting topological phase transition theory in the 80s, the research on superconductivity theory, which won the Nobel Prize in physics, could not give direct support to the application technology of superconductivity.

The research of superconductivity application technology still relies on 'experimental testing', rather than relying on basic theoretical research support.

For example, niobium metal.

The superconducting critical temperature of niobium is 9.25K, which reaches the highest point of the critical temperature of elemental metals.

After the discovery of the high critical temperature of niobium, physicists began to continuously measure the compounds containing niobium, and a series of materials with higher critical temperatures were obtained.

The whole process, without any theoretical support, was carried out entirely through 'luck' experiments.

This is the separation of theory and application.

A lot of research has been invested in the theory of superconductivity, but as a result, the theoretical development cannot keep up with the application, and the research still has to 'rely on luck', which is also an important reason why it is difficult to make breakthroughs in superconductivity technology.

The current 'law of superconductivity' is a direct link between theory and application.

Relying on theory, the critical temperature of elemental superconductivity is calculated.

In this way, follow-up research can be carried out to theoretically calculate the critical temperature of other compounds and organic molecules, rather than experimenting by chance, which will provide very strong support for the research of applied technology.

This is the first study of theoretical linkage and application, and it is a major breakthrough from '0 to 1'!

After the release of the new issue of Nature Physics, the paper was quickly noticed by condensed physics teams around the world, and they were also invested in research and verification.

They do the same job as paper reviewers.

The calculation was made according to the method mentioned above, and it was not a simple calculation, but the superconducting elemental metal was quickly verified.

In the end, the conclusion is the same.

Deviation value, within one hundredth.

The difference is minimal.

This shows that the method mentioned in the research paper is correct, and the deviation is only due to the inaccuracy of the 'critical constant', and the determination of the 'critical constant' must be experimentally related.

No superconducting team can guarantee the accuracy of the 'critical constant'.

That's a huge number of experiments.

After several large teams and institutions confirmed the results, the relevant research soon jumped out of the 'academic circle' and appeared on the pages of major scientific and technological media.

For a moment, the whole world seemed to shake!