Chapter 198: Preparing for War
Negotiations with the British, after Rome agreed, proceeded at a rapid pace. Eventually, Italy agreed to withdraw from the Tana River valley in Kenya and secure the independence of Crete.
Of course, this is not to say that the British do nothing, Italy demanded that Egypt under its control not allow the Ottoman army to pass, which was also agreed by Prime Minister Cecil.
In addition to this, there was a secret agreement between the two countries that when war broke out between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, Italy must ensure that it would be in line with the British, even if it was a declaration of war, and that Italy would follow the British in declaring war on Russia.
In a way, Italy paid a considerable price this time, feeling tied up by the British in diplomacy with Russia.
But who would have known that Russia was never given the opportunity to declare war on the Ottomans at all, except for the First World War, in which all countries participated.
With the exception of a certain soul from the afterlife, within the Italian government, it was felt that Italy had paid a great price for the support of the British.
And after gaining the support of the British, Italy has basically achieved its goals diplomatically, and the next thing is to see its own performance.
During this time, preparations for war in Italy continued, with various arsenals working overtime to produce weapons and ammunition, and the intensity of training of each unit in addition to changing its outfits was also increasing.
The Navy's various training courses are also increasing this year, especially after the commissioning of the three Turin-class ships in the second half of the year (they were named the Turin, Palermo, and Bari), the officers and men on the ships basically have little vacation time, and most of their officers and men spend most of their time on the warships.
Speaking of the Turin-class service, there is also a story, that is, after the British got three Turin-class service, they immediately compared their newly designed warships, and were surprised to find that the Italian Turin-class had a high similarity with their newly designed Sovereign-class.
This is not to say that the British suspected that the Italians had stolen their design, but according to what they had learned, they had begun work on the design of a new warship in 1886. Rather, it will create a high degree of similarity between the new warships of the two countries.
In addition, the British also found that their new warships would be at a disadvantage when facing the new Italian warships, although this disadvantage was not too big, but it was still a disadvantage in the end.
This made the admirals of the British Empire a little embarrassed. It is unacceptable that the world's number one navy would be inferior to the Italians in new warships.
So the Admiralty approached Sir William White, the designer of this class of warships, and asked for a modification of the new warship, which was still in the dockyard, at least no worse than the Italian Turin class.
In response to the request of the Admiralty of the British Empire, Sir William White took inspiration from the Turin class, and the main modification of the Sovereign class was to change the chimney, change the horizontal row to a compact vertical row, and add a gun emplacement to the open-air main gun, and a few other changes, but after this change, the two are more similar.
In the face of Sir William White's changes, the British Navy was a little depressed, and it was a bit difficult to choose whether to perform or face, but in the end, the performance was greater than the face, so the Sir White's change design was approved. And this also led to a lot of ridiculous stories later.
And in addition to the service of the Turin-class battleships, it also became unfavorable to the Ottoman Empire in terms of public opinion.
After more than a year of smearing by newspapers and other propaganda means, it is actually not a smear, but the focus is on the customs that the Italian people are not accustomed to, and adding a little modifier, the Italian people have a bad sense of the Ottomans at present. According to the survey, 69% of the population in Italy is currently disgusted with the Ottomans, and this is the role of propaganda. You must know that two years ago, the Italian people were only 12% disgusted with it, and this increase of 57% is the effect of these two years of continuous propaganda.
Faced with this situation, the Ottoman envoy to Rome, Akhtar Muhammad Manersu, sent a telegram to Istanbul anxiously informing him of the current situation in Italy.
"It is with great concern that I would like to report to Your Excellency the Grand Vizier Mustafa that the atmosphere in Italy is getting worse and worse, and that the public opinion in the newspapers in Italy is very unfriendly to our country. I met with the Prime Minister of Italy, who calmly told me that this was nothing more than a matter of a partially boring newspaper. Although the prime minister offered comforting words, it was more worrying. It is hoped that when the Grand Vizier will read this letter, His Majesty the Sultan will be able to guard against Italy. ”
The letter, which was full of Mansu's thoughts, was sent back to the Ottoman Empire, but it was lost, like the Sultan Abdul Hamid II, whom he respected.
The Sultan Abdul Hamid II currently resides in Istanbul's Ildiz Palace, relying on the secret police to maintain his rule.
Under such a rule, it is strange that the Ottoman Empire was able to develop. It can be said that the Ottoman Empire, as its name suggests, was a sick man.
Of course, this sick man still has some strength, so Italy still needs to prepare.
When it comes to preparation, it is inseparable from funding. In order to raise funds, the Italian Ministry of Finance has set up a large number of debt issues from the securities market under the guise of this.
According to statistics, this year the Italian government issued 650 million lira of national debt. Don't think it's less, 610 million lira of government bonds were issued last year, and 590 million more are expected to be issued next year.
The issuance of a large number of government bonds has increased the discount of Italian government bonds by 3 percentage points, and the interest rate has also increased by 1.5 percentage points, reaching an annual coupon rate of 5.75%. There is no way to issue treasury bonds on such a large scale, and the underwriters and buyers must make a profit, otherwise how can such a large amount be sold.
Fortunately, the Italian economy has been in good shape in the past two years, which can give potential buyers some confidence.
Some of the money raised from the issuance of government bonds was used to prepare for war, and part of it was used to finance the next war, and only a small amount was used for various government expenditures.
Because of the preparations, the construction of the Italian railways has slowed down in the past two years, not to mention other constructions. At present, the government requires all departments to minimize the investment in other projects based on the principle of saving money.
And in this state of complete Italian preparation, the time came to 1890.