Chapter 540: The burden is getting heavier
"Send him to Qi in person?"
When Zhu Youzhen's voice sounded, he had already returned to the carriage, and the reason why he was surprised was because of Bi Ziyan's handwriting.
In the handwritten letter, Bi Ziyan directly expressed that he wanted to send his family to Qi State, so as to ask when Qi State would accept immigrants.
Wang Chengen didn't dare to agree to this question privately, nor did he dare to answer it privately, so he handed over the question to Zhu Youzhen.
Although Zhu Youzhen was a little surprised, why Bi Ziyan wanted to send his family to Qi State, but under the second question, he felt that maybe this was just fake news that Bi Ziyan was trying to find out when he would emigrate and when he would become a vassal.
"Still don't you think I'm going to settle for it......"
Zhu Youzhen muttered, then closed the letter, and explained to Li Dingguo, who was sitting on the side of the carriage:
"Let Chengen reply to the letter, just say that the apocalypse began to accept immigrants in the twentieth year, and if Bi Ziyan is willing, let him immigrate with him."
"Yes......" Li Dingguo responded, and Zhu Youzhen also embarked on the road back to the Qi Palace.
Soon, with the issuance of Zhu Youzhen's edict, Wang Chengen responded to Bi Ziyan according to what he said, and at the same time sent the edict to the Ministry of Household and the Ministry of Industry to build a railway and provide relief through work.
The railway around the capital is not very difficult, and it can even be regarded as very simple compared to the Beijing-Long and Beijing-Jiajia railways.
In just three days, the Ministry of Industry handed over the recital.
The railway around Beijing is 1008 miles in total, and the construction can start on April 20, and it can be completed and opened to traffic on the third day of the lunar month, and it is expected that more than 65,000 people will start construction, and the labor price cannot be as high as the factory, and it can only reach 20 wen a day, providing three meals.
Although such conditions can only be regarded as ordinary in the capital, the finalization of this project can undoubtedly solve the problem of most of the farmers in Beizhili.
Therefore, after finalizing the project on 12 April and setting the start of construction on 20 April, Zhu Youzhen also started the construction of a new railway for the Beijing-Liaoning Railway, which was about to be completed.
His proposal was to build a railway from Dengzhou in Shandong Province to Xi'an in Shaanxi Province to connect the northern provinces.
The second is to build a second railway from Songjiang Mansion in the south through Nanzhili Songjiang Mansion through Nanchang, Hankou, Hanyang, Wuchang, into Yiling, Baidi City, Chongqing, and directly to Chengdu Prefecture.
Of course, it is said to be the second, but it is actually the eighteenth railway of the Ming Dynasty.
If the 18 railways are all connected, then in addition to the three provinces and one government of Yingzhou, Jiugang, Nanzhou, and Ryukyu Prefecture overseas, only Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, and Wusi-Tibet provinces of the Ming Dynasty in Asia will have no railways passing through them.
For the first three, Zhu Youzhen will also start construction of a railway connecting the three provinces after the construction of the railway line in front is completed.
For Wusizang, Zhu Youzhen looked at Sun Chuanting's recital, it can be said that with the technology of the Ming Dynasty, even how to build a cement road in Wusizang has not yet reached the standard.
The weather in Uszang was very cold, and the dirt was frozen, and if the ice melted in the summer after the construction of the concrete road, the building would loosen on the basis of the original building and the entire railway would collapse.
At present, the Ming Dynasty has not yet decomposed to obtain asphalt, and there is no stone layer technology in later generations, so for the road of Wusizang, it can only be tinkered with for another year.
Cement roads are still like this, not to mention the railways that carry more people's lives, so before the technology reaches the standard, Daming will not easily build a railway in Wusizang.
Instead of thinking about how to build a railway in Uszang, it is better to send troops directly to exterminate the Mughals.
As long as the Mughals are destroyed, the Ming only need the territory north of the Ganges, and there is no need to garrison troops in Uszang at all, and it doesn't matter if this place becomes a no-man's land.
However, that is too far to say after all, because the current Ming army is not a threat at all in Uszang, and the three battalions of soldiers stationed in Uszang are armed with rifles and are equipped with 200 bullets all year round.
In this case, it is better that they do not go to trouble others, and if others want to cross the Himalayas from the south to carry out an attack, it is a military reward for their military merits.
Therefore, the policy of the Ming Dynasty in Wusizang is mainly to maintain stability, especially the proportion of the population.
Even if the Heshute tribe surrendered and more than 30,000 people moved into the Qinghai region of Usizang, the number of Han Chinese in Usizang was as high as 290,000, nine times that of the Mongols.
The ratio of Han to Shao in Wusi Zang has been steadily maintained at 9 to 1, and although many young people have moved in from Hexi, the ratio of Han to Shao in Hexi has also been maintained at 7 to 3.
Maintaining the proportion of Han and less, the local minority people are unlikely to be fanned, not to mention that the amount of arable land and grassland given to the Shaomin by the Ming Dynasty is not less than that of the Han people.
At present, many Tibetans and Mongols have experienced a period of enslavement, and if anyone wants to rebel, they will spontaneously pacify these people.
Therefore, the Ming Dynasty's frontier ethnic policy in the west made the west very stable, and it seemed that as long as the Beijing-Jiajia railway was opened, the Ming army would immediately be able to expedition to the Western Regions and recover this old land that had been lost for more than 800 years.
Time is passing little by little, the old faction is waiting for Zhu Youzhen to take up the domain, the Yanshan faction is waiting for a good time to appear, and Zhu Youzhen is waiting for local construction and the drought to pass.
In short, everyone is waiting, and the waiting process is destined to be difficult.
On the first day of June, with the addition of two new signs to the schematic map of the Yamen of the Ministry of Rites, many officials knew that His Royal Highness King Qi was about to start "tossing" again.
In this way, the State Newspaper Bureau and the "Verification and Examination Department" under its jurisdiction appeared, and before these two yamen appeared, the hundred officials had already learned the news.
Everyone knew that this was a tool used by King Qi to help the royal family buy people's hearts, but no one could intervene and did not dare to intervene.
While the officials were still waiting, on the first day of the seventh month, the first edition of "Daming Daily" was officially released, which was faster than Zhu Youzhen thought.
As a newspaper run by the imperial court and mainly facing the common people, "Daming Bao" does not have many words on it, and five plates the size of a face plate carry five articles in a row.
Although the range of the article is not long, it is all about the current major policies of the imperial court, and the essence of the text is quite good.
The five sections correspond to the military, politics, diplomacy, and people's livelihood, and the military of the first version of the economy describes the process of contact and killing by some small units of troops on the front line.
The second section of politics is mainly to talk about the population and the number of fields in the latest census of the Ming Dynasty, although there is a suspicion of exposing national strength, but it can also be regarded as a demonstration of external forces.
Not to mention the third edition of diplomacy, which mainly explains what happened in various countries under the suzerainty system, especially the war of the Indian vassals against the invasion of the "Mughals".
The fourth edition of the People's Livelihood mainly talks about Zhu Youzhen's approval of the construction of railways, the preparation of the north and the south to build railways connecting the provinces of the Yellow River and the Yellow River, and the construction of water canals in the two vast areas to stabilize grain prices in the south of the Yangtze River.
Compared with the first four editions, the fifth edition has a lot of economic content, because it is the only one page printed separately on the back of the newspaper, and the amount of content is the sum of the previous four editions.
The reason why there are so many is because it is different from the previous four editions.
The first four editions mainly talked about the major events of the Ming Dynasty, and these contents cannot be changed, but the economic column of the fifth edition is a blank area that can be reprinted by the provinces according to the situation.
Provincial yamen, imperial stores, and factories can print their own recruitment information, and even each store can pay money to print recruitment information, but whether it is an imperial store, a yamen, or a private store, they need to indicate the working hours and the specific payment of wages, as well as the price of wages.
If someone is recruited, go to the local newspaper office, which will have a special reception official at the entrance of the newspaper.
Officials would supervise the signing of a deed between the farmer and the employer, write down the conditions printed in the newspaper, and then sign the pledge.
This deed is also time-limited, for example, the farmer only wants to work in the farm, and the employer only employs the worker for a short time, then the working hours and hours need to be indicated.
For example, "from June to September, the wages are paid once every 10 days, and 10 wen per day", which means that during these four months, as long as the peasants do not violate the employer's regulations of the first two, the employer needs to settle the wages according to the latter two.
From the beginning of June, the farmer is his worker, but on the first day of October, the farmer can choose to renew the contract or not to renew it, and the employer cannot force this process.
If the employer says that the peasants are not doing well and are in arrears of wages, the peasants can choose to beat the drums locally or in other places, and the local and non-local county officials need to dispatch officials to investigate the case, and the trial results will be based on the "Da Ming Law".
These results were to be sent to the palace of the king of Qi for the imperial history of the officials of the provincial government and the officials of the Dali Temple.
If the employer is maliciously framed, then after investigation by officials of the Provincial Procuratorate and Dali Temple, he will be sentenced to exile.
If the peasants really can't do it, then the employer should also pay the peasant workers 3 to 70 percent of their wages after being investigated by officials of the provincial administrative office and the Dali Temple.
If someone defrauds the employer, the farmer and his family will also be sentenced to exile.
To sum up, as long as there is deception on either side, exile is the minimum punishment.
In the eyes of officials of the Yanshan faction of the Criminal Department, only if the cost of crime is high enough can most crimes be eliminated, and they are even more radical than Zhu Youzhen.
However, Zhu Youzhen adopted a tacit attitude towards the laws they added.
For Zhu Youzhen, it is impossible for him to give up most of the space for local officials and businessmen to operate because of a small number of miscalculations.
Therefore, with his acquiescence, "Daming Daily" began to radiate outward from Beizhili, and Zhu Youzhen has also been checking the price of "Daming Daily".
The paper industry developed to the late Ming Dynasty, and the price of paper was already very cheap, basically fifteen yuan can buy ten pieces of paper, especially when machinery entered the newspaper industry, the cost of paper further declined, ten yuan can buy twenty pieces of paper.
Therefore, although many officials of the Ministry of Rites wanted to block the promotion of newspapers, he could not set the price of newspapers too expensive, but sold them at a price of four cents per newspaper according to the price and cost of the newspaper.
Although such a price is a bit expensive for the common people, fortunately, a newspaper can be read by many people, so on the first day of the sale of the newspaper in Beizhili, it got more than 3,600 copies.
With such good results, Zhu Youzhen also began to order the expansion of the scope of publication of "Daming Bao" so that all provinces could follow suit.
Thanks to the developed industry and printing industry of the Ming Dynasty, in late August, "Daming Bao" has appeared in Liangguang and other places, and in Yazhou County, Qiongzhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province, a black arm also handed over the copper coin, and received a copy of "Daming Bao".
Holding the newspaper, the owner of the black arm got into a strange bicycle with everyone around him saluting.
Four wheels, four pedals, four people, and a certain amount of cargo can be loaded......
In the entire Ming Dynasty, the only one who can have such a configuration is Zhu Ciran, who is the crown prince.
After the summer exposure of Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guangdong provinces, Zhu Ci is so black that people dare not recognize each other at this moment, if he is suddenly thrown in front of Zhu Youxiao, I am afraid that Zhu Youxiao will shout: "There are assassins!" ”
However, although his skin is dark, Zhu Ciran's mood is indeed getting better and better.
Unlike when he was in Yunnan, he could still feel the cruelty of the imperial court's policy, when Zhu Ciran entered the border of Liangguang, due to the abundant arable land in Liangguang, there was almost no forced relocation in the local area.
All the people have 12 acres of arable land per capita, everyone lives and works in peace and contentment, and their lives are better than those of the people in Sichuan and Yunnan, because in addition to pork, beef and mutton, their choices also include cheap seafood.
"This abalone is so big, it costs ten pennies a pound in the capital, and it only costs one penny in Qiongzhou, Zhu Gongzi, we have to eat more today!"
Liu Shun, who was blacker than Zhu Ciran, carried a basket of abalone and a basket of fruits, and walked towards the car with his white teeth exposed.
It's just that when he approached, he found that Zhu Ciran didn't sit in the front row, but rarely sat in the back row, and held a large gray paper in his hand.
After all, it was Jinyiwei and well-informed, Liu Shun had long known that the imperial court was preparing a newspaper, but it was the first time he had seen the entity of the newspaper, so he couldn't help asking:
"This is Daming Daily, what is written on it?"
Liu Shun followed Zhu Ciran and sat in the back row, while the two black and thin Jinyi guards glanced at each other and reluctantly went to the two positions in the front row.
"Ride slowly."
Zhu Ciran looked at the newspaper, and after greeting him, he also stepped on it.
Liu Shun put the fruit between the two of them, and then stepped on the car, as for the Jinyi guard in front of him, it was needless to say.
The scene of four people and a cart is recreated, and they ride from the market town outside Yazhou County along the coastline to the east.
After nearly seven months of riding, Zhu Ciran and Liu Shun have adapted to the fun and hard work of riding, of course, as well as the group of thin, black-clothed brocade guards and eunuchs who followed them far behind.
Zhu Ciran looked at the "Daming Bao" in his hand, for him, this is no different from "Di Bao", the only difference is that the straightforward vernacular text explains the policies of the imperial court, and a large number of simplified Chinese characters are used throughout.
Zhu Ciran didn't take a closer look at the policies of the four major plates on the front, because he took a cursory look, and basically he had seen it when he was dealing with the music in the Qi Palace.
That is to say, the policy at the end of last year of Daming has not been implemented until now, and some policies have passed nearly a year since they were handed over.
This kind of efficiency seemed slow in later generations, but in this era when transportation was underdeveloped, it was already very fast.
Zhu Ciran paid attention to the back of Daming Daily, and the back also posted the recruitment needs and conditions of various prefectures and counties in Guangzhou.
He just took a cursory look, but what he saw was the recruitment needs of the imperial store and the imperial horse supervision factory, and few private businessmen posted asking for work.
This is not surprising, because now is the time of agricultural slack, many private businessmen have recruited long-term workers early, naturally will not recruit workers at such a time as August, only in the continuous expansion of the Huangdian need to continue to recruit workers.
[Changjiang Shilu Iron Mine recruited 600 miners, Mao out of the unitary return, black and white two shifts, daily wage 32 Wen, 10 days a knot, 16 to 45 years old, height of more than 5 feet, provide room and board three meals]
[Lingshui Huimin Pharmacy recruits 30 apprentices in the medicine field, and the daily salary is 11 Wen, and the 10-day knot is required, and the ...... is required]
[Haikou Wharf in Hainan County recruits 200 laborers, and they return to the unitary with a daily salary of 16 Wen, a knot in 10 days, and a ...... required]
【Wenchang County ......】
Zhu Ciran took a general look at the conditions and requirements for recruitment, among which "returning from the unitary" and "ending the knot in ten days" are basically the norm, and as far as he knows, the wages given by the imperial store are often higher than those of private businessmen.
That is to say, the normal situation in Qiongzhou Mansion is "Mao out of the unitary return", "ten days and one settlement", the salary is about ten to thirty Wen, depending on the work and the salary is different.
Zhu Ciran didn't have anything to say about the ten-day knot and wages, but he just made him frown slightly.
In the environment of "returning to the unitary", that is to say, the workers normally work at the time of the unitary, rest at the time of the unitary, and work for a total of five hours.
Working for five hours (10 hours) is much harder than farming in the field.
Of course, this also refers to the present, not the past.
After going through this journey, Zhu Ciran also knows how the people of Daming lived in the past, and why they would rather farm than work now.
In the past, the people of the Ming Dynasty were basically tenants of landlords, a small number of self-cultivated farmers, and only six or seven acres of land, so it was very difficult to feed their families, so they could only go to nearby towns to work.
The working time has basically not changed, since the Song Dynasty, the short-term workers are basically "out of the unitary", and the wages they get are similar.
In a year, if you can find a bag to eat and live in, you can only save two or three taels of silver.
Two or three taels of silver, before the 30th year of Wanli, the purchasing power was still relatively stable and strong, and it was not a problem to buy six or seven stone grain.
Save a little, count the grain in the family's fields, or as a tenant, pay the landlord's rent and the remaining grain, it is not a problem to feed a family of five, and it is not impossible to touch meat occasionally, that is, this "occasionally" is calculated in months.
After the 30th year of Wanli, it is impossible to feed the family by simply working part-time, and eating meat is a luxury that children born at this stage can only achieve during the Chinese New Year.
On weekdays, children and their mothers who stay at home have to go up to the mountains to dig wild vegetables, or go down to the river to fish, or go down to the fields to touch loaches, in short, even seven or eight-year-old children have to contribute to filling their stomachs.
All of them have changed since the fourth year of the Apocalypse.
In this year, the imperial court began to divide the fields, and the number of 90 million mu of military tun fields was distributed to more than 70 million people.
Some of them were tenants of landlords and some were yeoman farmers, but this did not prevent them from being happy at the moment when they got the land.
An acre of land seems to be nothing, but the more than 70 million people are actually 20 million, or even more than 10 million households.
Converted, each family has four or five acres of more land, even if they hand over thirty percent of the harvest to the imperial horse supervisor, they can still get six or seven hundred catties of grain, and each person has more than 100 catties of rations.
As a result, many children as young as seven or eight are rarely asked to work on their own initiative.
In the sixth year of the Apocalypse, with the recovery of the old port in the south, the Hetao in the north, and the Modong, the wave of immigration and land division made many tenants completely converted into homesteaders.
By this time, the people had barely returned to the level of the 30th year of Wanli, and they could get their hands on meat every one or two months.
After that, it was a continuous migration, the population of various places walked, stayed, and divided, and the people's lives further rose, until the phenomenon of five or six mu per capita, or even more than ten mu, that Zhu Ciran saw along the way.
Although it is still difficult to eat meat, except for Shanxi, people in other places can still taste meat every five or six days, and the results of the distribution of cultivated land have begun to appear.
In sparsely populated places such as Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Liangguang, it is not difficult to eat a meal of meat every day, but the problem is that you are reluctant to eat more and eat less.
Take Guangdong, where Zhu Ciran is currently experiencing, for example, there are more than 29 million acres of cultivated land, and only 3.2 million people live, of which more than 600,000 live in various counties.
Of the more than 29 million mu of cultivated land, excluding the more than 9 million mu of cultivated land belonging to the gentry and the powerful, the remaining 20 million mu of land was basically divided equally among more than 2.5 million people
This land alone has allowed the people of Guangdong to reach the level that each person has seven acres, and although the more than 9 million mu of land owned by the gentry and powerful people is in their hands, they also need to pay land taxes and need farmers to help cultivate it.
Although it is necessary to pay 30 percent of the field rent, 70 percent of the land is paid, which is equivalent to the total output of the two large fields of more than 50 million stone grain, excluding the 5 million stone tax that must be paid, and the land rent of more than 5 million stone, the remaining 40 million stone belongs to more than 2.5 million people.
Even if you add the 600,000,000 people in the city, 40 million stones, rice, and wheat are given to 3.2 million people, but they can't eat enough to eat and drink, so they can only sell them and buy fodder to raise livestock.
Zhu Youzhen's fifteen years of hard work have made Guangdong, which was still in famine in the first year of the Apocalypse, become a rich place where you can taste meat every day in the sixteenth year of the Apocalypse.
Zhu Ciran listened to these things all the way, and admired his uncle more and more, but he also became more and more reluctant in his heart.
Throughout the ages, there is basically no famous minister and virtuous king who can make one-third of the people in the world eat meat in fifteen years like his own uncle, even if he is Guan Zhongxiao He, he can only let the people eat enough, and his own uncle can let the people eat meat.
Thinking of this, Zhu Ciran handed the newspaper in his hand to Liu Shun, who was showing off the fruit next to him, and looked at the sea in the distance with a touch of sorrow.
"If my uncle is gone, will I be able to maintain the lives of the people now......