Chapter 46: Black Holes

Looking at the old couple who were constantly discussing the details of their life after returning to the countryside after paying off their debts, Lu Ming didn't know what it was like.

He realized that there was a high probability that the rural life that the old couple longed for would not be realized at all. Because from this moment on, the old couple will always be shrouded in the haze of bad luck.

There may be countless tribulations that await them in the future, until the suffering of both of them causes enough mental trauma for their already dead son to cause his son to be suicidal enough

After the "reason", this suffering will pass. Lu Ming sighed, couldn't bear to look at it anymore, but got up from the bench and continued to walk forward aimlessly.

The weather in summer is really changeable. Lu Ming hadn't walked far before he felt that the sky seemed to be darkening.

He looked up and saw that the sky had been covered with clouds. The originally hot wind blew up a little cooler.

Signs of raindrops were gradually appearing on the ground. It's raining. Lu Ming walked to the small shop next to him, bought an umbrella casually, opened it, and continued to walk aimlessly.

Pedestrians began to hurry. The original prosperity and liveliness disappeared in an instant. People left separately, and there were few people in the street except for vehicles.

The rain gradually began to fall heavier and crackling. Even if Lu Ming was holding an umbrella, his clothes were wet from the raindrops.

He didn't go any further, but came to the eaves of a shop, and stood silently like the rest of the people who took shelter from the rain.

Boom Rumble...... A bolt of lightning streaked across the sky, and a few seconds later, a muffled thunder came from far away.

Several cars parked here were startled and the alarm sounded, Ulaula's, very harsh. Lu Ming watched quietly and waited quietly.

There was water on the road, and it was seven or eight centimeters deep. They are not static, but they are rushing towards a floor drain, like a rushing river.

At first, the floor drain was still visible, and the water could only flow in from its side. However, as the rain increased and the water increased, the floor drain was soon covered with water.

The stagnant water no longer just flows next to it, but takes on a whirlpool shape, and is frantically absorbed by it.

Lu Ming's attention was quietly attracted by this floor drain. He looked at the floor drain intently, and looked at the swirling water that poured in crazily, and the whole person stood there in a daze, not even noticing that the wind blew up raindrops and wet his pants.

The storm lasted only half an hour. The rain gradually decreased, and eventually stopped completely.

The people who took shelter from the rain left their own way, and the clouds in the sky also dispersed, and the bright sunlight shone down, and there was a light between heaven and earth.

Lu Ming took one last look at the floor drain, put away his umbrella, turned around and left, and returned to the base.

He turned on his computer, logged on to a website, and typed it in the search box

The word "black hole". This is an academic exchange website that brings together the latest research results of all scientific researchers in current human civilization.

Lu Ming searched for these two keywords, and tens of thousands of related articles were immediately searched. The first and most popular article describes the research paper on gravitational wave observation in gravitational wave antennas that shocked the whole world a few years ago.

In the far reaches of space, more than a billion light-years away from the solar system, two black holes revolve wildly around each other.

One of them has a mass of about 36 times the mass of the Sun, and the other black hole has a mass of about 29 times the mass of the Sun.

The two black holes collided violently and eventually became one. But the combined black hole is only about 62 times the mass of the Sun.

There is a mass equivalent to three suns that disappears. Studies have shown that the masses of these three suns are all converted into energy during the merger process, and finally radiate into the universe in the form of gravitational waves, shaking the entire universe.

It eventually reached Earth a billion years later, where it was sensed by a newly built gravitational-wave antenna.

Lu Ming has learned a lot of information about this incident and knows it very clearly. He just didn't expect that after such a long time, this incident would still have such a high degree of popularity in the academic circle.

Perhaps this is because of its pioneering status. Lu Ming didn't look at it again, but looked at the next one.

The second article is an article that uses mathematical models to try to explore the internal structure of black holes, which is full of complex and difficult formulas and derivations, which are so complex that Lu Ming can't understand them, so he skips them directly.

The third article is to study the specific mechanism of supernova explosions to form black holes, and Lu Ming did not pay much attention to it. The fourth article is to study the theoretical process of the direct formation of supermassive black holes at the time of the Big Bang, and Lu Ming also did not pay much attention to it.

Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7...... Lu Ming flipped down little by little, searching little by little.

After a few hours, Lu Ming saw an article that he was interested in.

"Some studies on ultra-high-level particle collisions at the OATI particle collider." Lu Ming has also heard of the name of the OATI Particle Collider and knows that it is a new generation of Particle Collider built with the latest technology.

The Particle Collider is a large scientific research device that is mainly used to study the microstructure of matter.

Put simply, a particle collider accelerates two beams of particles so that they collide at extremely high speeds.

Once collided, the smaller particles that make up the interior of the particle will be affected

"Bumping" out - just like two watermelons colliding together at a very high speed, the skin of the melon will be directly knocked out, and the melon seeds, melon pulp, juice, etc. inside will be knocked out, so that people can be observed, and people can study their properties to improve today's physical theories.

Obviously, the higher the total power of the particle collider, the more it can accelerate the particle beam to higher speeds, and the more it will hit

"Ruthless", the internal particles are been

The higher the probability of "colliding", the better the research effect. The OATI Particle Collider is a large-scale scientific research facility with ultra-high power.

Lu Ming heard that its power consumption can even be compared to some small cities. In particular, the particle collider is so high that it is theoretically possible to produce miniature black holes.

Black holes are formed because the density is so high that there is no physical force that can block the action of gravity, and the matter collapses indefinitely.

Whereas, mass equals energy. If the mass per unit volume exceeds a certain amount, it will collapse into a black hole on its own.

Because the energy mass is equivalent, it can be seen that if the energy exceeds a certain amplitude per unit volume, it will also collapse into a black hole.

The energy given to the particle by the particle collider has reached the theoretical possibility that when two particles collide, the energy exceeds the threshold and collapses into a black hole.

When the particle collider was built, there was a wave of opposition and protest around the world.

There is widespread fear that the tiny black hole created by the particle collider will get out of control and crash into the Earth, swallowing the entire planet.

However, this is obviously not possible in reality. The lifespan of a black hole is related to its mass. The smaller the mass, the shorter the lifespan.

A black hole with only particle-level mass has a short lifespan that is even impossible to observe, and even if it is actually formed, it will disappear the moment it is formed, and it is impossible to swallow the surrounding matter in time.

The article that Lu Ming saw at this moment is the study and discussion of some unknown phenomena in the process of particle collision.

In the article, it is described that during a collision, it was confirmed that the energy of the final reaction particle exceeded the energy before the collision.

It's weird. After all, mass and energy are conserved, energy, or mass is not generated out of thin air for no reason, and the energy before and after the impact should be equal, why is there a little more?

This article discusses, researches, and calculates this phenomenon. Lu Ming is not a particle physicist, let alone an experimental physicist.

He did not have enough theoretical knowledge to analyze this phenomenon. But this phenomenon still caught his attention.

After some thought, he dialed Lu Qingliang's phone.

"Help me contact the OATI Particle Collision Laboratory, and I want to visit Researcher Hu Xiaozheng." Hu Xiaozheng was the scientist who led the experiment and wrote this article.

On the phone, Lu Qingliang perked up: "Lu Ming, what do you think?" Lu Ming smiled and shook his head: "It's not an idea yet." I'll talk to Researcher Hu first. ”

"Okay, I'll get back to you right away." After confirming the visit, Lu Ming bought a plane ticket and went directly to the city where the particle collision laboratory is located, and met researcher Hu Xiaozheng, who was wearing glasses, slightly thin, and wearing a white coat, in an office full of papers, books, and computers.

"It's Sergeant Lu, right? Hello hello hello. I was notified that you would like to ask me some questions. Researcher Hu Xiaozheng closed the book, put down the pen and stood up, stretched out his hand from afar, looking very talkative, and saw that Lu Ming was very enthusiastic.

Lu Ming shook hands with him before saying, "I'm really sorry to disturb your work." ”

"It's okay, it's okay, just ask whatever you want. It's amazing that someone in our line of work can still deal with your security department. Obviously, researcher Hu Xiaozheng's curiosity was also aroused.

Because even he couldn't think of any place in his research project that could have anything to do with Lu Ming and allow a senior sheriff to visit him directly.

"Well, it's actually some personal questions, and I want to ask you some details about the study of 'particle collision energy increase', which is purely my personal curiosity, and has nothing to do with the security department." Researcher Hu Xiaozheng smiled: "I know, I know, keep it secret, right?" Don't worry, I don't ask anything else, just when you're curious. "Researcher Hu Xiaozheng's one

"I've already seen through everything, but it's okay, I'll act with you" The expression made Lu Ming cry and laugh a little.

Without further arguing, Lu Ming organized his language and asked, "Regarding the phenomenon of strange increase in energy, do you have any new research results recently?" ”

"Yes, there are some." Researcher Hu said: "At present, the possibility of instrument failure can be basically ruled out. Because it can be reproduced, although the success rate of reproduction is not high, it is only one in ten, but as long as it can be reproduced, it can be proved that it is not an instrument failure. "Repetition is repetition.

This is an important concept in scientific research. For example, if you say that you build a high-temperature superconductor in the lab, and then someone else does it all over again according to your process, but you can't make it, and you repeat it yourself, and you can't make it, how can you convince others that you really built it?

Others will just think you're talking nonsense. And if you don't just make it yourself, others can make it according to your method, then it proves that you have really developed a way to make high-temperature superconductors.

Others have nothing to question, and you just have to wait for the prize with peace of mind. At this moment, the phenomenon of a strange increase in energy can be reproduced, which can basically prove that it is real.

Hu Xiaozheng continued: "It's not an instrument failure, it's not an external influence, it's not a calculation error. Recently, my team has been working on this phenomenon, and at the moment, we are more inclined to have to do with vacuum fluctuations. Of course, just inclined to think. At present, the mathematical model has not been made, and the few existing evidence are not very solid. ”

"Vacuum fluctuations?" Lu Ming was surprised. The law of conservation of mass and energy actually only works at the macro level. At the micro level, it is actually inaccurate.

Mass and energy are not conserved at the microscopic level. Even if there is absolutely nothing in the vacuum, some particles will randomly emerge out of the vacuum, such as virtual particle pairs.

One of these two particles has a positive mass and the other has a negative mass. After appearing out of thin air, within a very short period of time, the two particles will annihilate each other, leaving nothing behind, and disappear into thin air.

This is the vacuum fluctuation.

"Yes." Hu Xiaozheng nodded and said, "We suspect that it may be that the excessively high energy level has affected the virtual particle pair, causing the particles with positive mass to change from virtual to solid, and ultimately leading to an increase in the overall energy." The escaping, negative-mass particles may have been annihilated with the rest of the particles, or the collider's materials. Unfortunately, there is no way to measure whether the mass of the collider has been reduced by the annihilation of the negative mass virtual particles in the process. ”

"This process seems to be similar to Hawking radiation?"

"Yes. Sheriff Lu also knows about Hawking radiation? ”

"I've heard of some." Lu Ming casually said perfunctorily, "Are there any other guesses?" ”

"There are some, but the probability may not be high." Hu Xiaozheng casually told some of the rest of the speculations, and gave Lu Ming a science lesson in a solid manner, which took a long time to finish.

Lu Ming sorted out his thoughts and asked, "So, is there such a possibility, is it possible that this extra quality comes from ...... Future? ”