The cost structure of the official imperial examination in the Ming Dynasty mainly includes the expenses for the candidates' travel and examination papers, the construction and maintenance of the tribute institute, the examination affairs, the banquet, the inscription of the imperial examination and the construction of the Jinshi inscription monument.

Sources of funding for the imperial examination: mainly financial allocation, levy and distribution of silver taels, study fields, apportionment, social donations, etc. Among them, the official financial appropriations mainly include official funds, surpluses, fines, ransoms, etc.; The apportionment is mainly seen in the cost of construction, maintenance and examination of the Tribute Academy; The levy of silver is mainly based on the collection of scientific examinations, township examinations and trial silver in the hall; The main body of social donations is the official gentry, and the form is donations or donations. Official financial allocation, levy and distribution, and apportionment are the basis and are in the main position; Xuetian and social donations are supplemented and in an auxiliary position, and together they constitute a relatively complete system of official imperial examination fee sources, which provides a relatively sufficient financial guarantee for the smooth holding of the imperial examination.

Now after the disturbance on the street, the imperial court plans to share all the expenses by the candidates, and when the news came out, the students of the world were shocked again.

The Jiangnan area is the place with the most candidates and the most noisy.

In late March, four or five people, including Shi Pengfei, a student from Jiangnan, joined forces everywhere and invited hundreds of scholars to gather on the streets of Suzhou to make trouble.

Unexpectedly, on the day they took to the streets, local people and merchants also took to the streets.

The emperor lowered taxes in Suzhou and paid wages to the people who were forced to do labor, which was supported by a large number of people.

The merchants were not convinced that they had to pay taxes, and the students wanted to be exempted, so the two sides immediately confronted each other on the street, and then the crowd did not know who threw a rotten egg to the merchant's side first, and then the two sides immediately fought.

Naturally, the students were beaten by the combined team of the common people and the merchants.

In the chaos, I don't know who moved the knife and stabbed Shi Pengfei and several other leading students with a knife.

When the news broke, the court shook and the emperor was furious.

After the incident, the imperial court arrested several local merchants, saying that they secretly directed the killers and stabbed Shi Pengfei and other students.

In fact, these merchants are the most opposed to paying commercial taxes in Suzhou.

Then the emperor played eighty boards each.

The examination expenses of scholars are still paid by the imperial court, but the preferential exemption is gone, the merchants still have to pay the business tax, and the people have some forced labor, and they will pay the wages.

When the news came out, the people were excited and happy, the businessmen were helpless, and the scholars reluctantly accepted it.

Zhu Gaoxu said a few words in the process of dealing with this matter: "Fast, accurate, ruthless." ”

When Jin Yiwei spread the news in the teahouse, he began to pay attention to which place reacted most violently and who reacted the most.

Against the most fierce students and businessmen, Jinyiwei took the lead in locking down.

Then kill and kill, catch and catch, and don't wait for them to make a big deal and kill this sign as soon as possible.

You still want to be exempt, don't you? Kill.

You don't want to pay taxes, do you? Arrest, raid the house.

The students who took the lead and the businessmen who took the lead were killed and their homes were raided, and the others were honest.

At the beginning of April, commercial taxation was carried out in Jingshi and the coastal prefectures south of the Yangtze River.

On the second day of the first month of April, Jinyiwei started from Taiping Street on the west side of Xihuamen in the imperial city, and looked for shops along the north street.

At about nine o'clock in the morning, two brocade guards and two officials from a household department came to the first shop.

These two household officials, one is the head of the six products of the household department, and the other is the secretary of the nine products of the department.

In the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, there were fifty or sixty directors in the household department, and there were only two secretaries.

For the time being, in order to collect taxes, Zhu Gaoxu divided nearly 100 household officials, including directors, secretaries, and foreign officials, into 50 groups, and partnered with Jinyiwei on the streets of Beijing.

The first group of four people started from the first shop on Ping Tai Street, which was a cloth shop.

Chang Kun, the general banner of Jinyi Wei, found the shop owner: "All kinds of taxes collected by the imperial court in the past have now been cancelled, and in the future, your shop will only have a commercial tax." ”

The boss looked indifferent, because he heard the news from the rivers and lakes, as if the business tax was not very high.

"How much do you sell this white cotton?" An official from the Ministry of Household asked at this time.

"1.2 dollars a horse."

"How many horses is Aya?"

"One, two, two."

"Where's Gebu?"

"Gebu is graded, three or two for the good one, and one or two for the second."

"Where's the big velvet?"

"Eighty-two horses."

"Big Velvet is so expensive?"

"The big velvet is relatively long, more than ten zhang per horse."

And the big velvet itself is expensive.

"How much can I sell in a month?"

"I can't sell much, and the profit is not high." The shopkeeper complained.

"According to your prices and profits, the imperial court will levy you two taels of silver every month, a total of twenty-four taels for the whole year."

"You look at the tax bill, there is no problem, sign a press, after the end of each month on the 20th, temporarily sent by Jinyiwei to collect, the actual collection of two taels, the shopkeeper sent someone to the household carrier, only need to send one or two ninety-nine dollars, you can also use copper coins to pay at market price, do you send someone to send yourself, or Jinyiwei sends someone to collect?"

"It's so expensive, two taels a month." The shopkeeper feels more expensive than before.

"Jinyiwei is here to collect it, right?"

"Don't, the grass people asked someone to send it." The shopkeeper could only grit his teeth and agree first.

After all, at the beginning of the payment of taxes, the merchants are all discussing, and then look at the situation, if a large number of people do not pay, everyone will not pay together.

"Horn" Jinyi Wei pasted his tax slip on the inside of the door: "This is your tax payment certificate, in the future, the shopkeeper will pay taxes for the imperial court, and the officials will have a share of the shopkeeper's strength, Xu shopkeeper, you can see the official in the future without kneeling, and you will not kneel in the court." ”

"Ahh Shopkeeper Xu stared at his eyes, looking incredulous: "Can you still see the official without kneeling?" Don't kneel in class? ”

In fact, during the two Song Dynasty, the people did not kneel when they saw the officials, and they did not have to kneel in the court, which was popular in the Ming Dynasty.

At this time, Jin Yiwei pointed to the tax slip pasted on his door: "Shopkeeper Xu has made contributions to the Ming Dynasty, Your Majesty said that you can see the official without kneeling, and you can go to the court without kneeling." ”

With that, he walked away.

The two officials of the household department smiled bitterly, and after registering the tax and silver to be paid by this person, they also turned away.

At the same time, everywhere in the capital, all kinds of shops, teahouses, and sprinkle buildings are confirming taxes.

There are two kinds of taxes, one is the door-to-door collection of brocade guards, and the amount of taxes is collected.

The other is to hand it over to the household carrier warehouse, which can reduce the hardship toll and pay a little less.

Basically, if it is relatively close to the carrier warehouse, or not too far, it will be required to be sent by itself.

Only the distance from the carrier warehouse is too far, and the brocade guard is required to come to the door to collect.

The tax bill will be pasted behind the door of each shop, the initial paste is paper, and the back is successively replaced with the iron sheet, where the tax bill is pasted, proving that the tax is paid, you can see the official without kneeling, and do not kneel in the court.

The waist bar of the Ming businessman suddenly hardened, everyone was originally very resistant to paying taxes, but the emperor did this, everyone was willing to pay taxes, and some people who didn't have to pay taxes were now rushing to pay taxes, what's wrong, the court looks down on me?

Three days later, Chang Kun and three other people were still doing this in the shops on the street, and as soon as they walked out of a shop, they were blocked by a common person.

Behind the common man was a pole, and at each end of the pole were two bundles of firewood.

"A few officials, the grass people have to pay taxes." The old man stopped Chang Kun and the four of them.

“。。” The four looked at each other.

The corners of Chang Kun's mouth twitched slightly: "Special mother, what are you doing to make a fuss, when will it be your turn to pay taxes?" ”

"The old man has been selling firewood in Beijing for 20 years, and as long as it doesn't rain, he will come to sell it, and he sells three quintals a day at most."

“。。” Chang Kun is angry and funny, how much can you sell for this bit of firewood?

"There are regulations in the imperial court, there must be shops." Chang Kun explained to him: "You don't have a shop. ”

"Ah, and shops? If the old man wants to pay taxes, he still has to buy a shop? ”

"Yes, you can buy a shop." An official of the household department said with a straight face.

At this time, Zhu Gaoxu fully levied commercial taxes in Daming, and Jingshi took the lead, and all shops in Beijing, no matter who was in the background, had to pay taxes according to the core.

——

On the second day of the first month of May, the spring flowers bloomed, and Zhu Gaoxu left the palace again and came to the Fuller Courtyard in Wuding Bridge.

Fuller House is the first red mansion opened by Lao Zhu and the first official office of the Ming Dynasty.

From Hongwukai to the present, to be honest, the decoration has been a bit backward and outdated, but before Zhu Gaoxu entered Beijing, business was the best here.

Why is it good?

Because Hongwu and Jianwen, including Yongle, many of the official eunuchs and noble families who raided the family were sent here.

The people thought that the noble ladies who were usually high up could now become their playthings, and of course they flocked to them.

However, after Zhu Gaoxu ascended the throne, Yongle was sent to the teaching department when he was sent to the school, and all of them were put back.

Now the business of Fuller House is much worse.

But today Fuller House is doing something big.

The business license of the Daming Red House was sold at public auction.

According to Zhu Gaoxu's regulations, the Beijing division of the Ming Dynasty can only have ten red mansions in the future, all of which will be privately owned.

The provincial capital where the three divisions of each province are located may have no more than seven red mansions.

There are no more than five state capitals.

There are no more than three counties.

There can be one below the township level.

Originally, there were dozens of red mansions of all sizes in Beijing, of which the government-run ones were on the 16th floor of a courtyard, and the private ones were more than 30, adding up to more than 50.

Now it has suddenly been reduced to ten, and all of them are privately run, and when the news came out, businessmen all over the country were shocked.

In order to cause a sensation in the auction, Zhu Gaoxu began to release the wind at the beginning of this year, and even Yunnan knew the news.

So these days, the auction is coming, and even foreign businessmen have come to Beijing.

Early in the morning, when he came to Fuller House, Jin Yiwei commanded Mao Xin and Xu Jingchang to come to pick him up, and Xu Jingchang told him that there were too many businessmen today, and it was estimated that there were more than 200 people, all over the country.

Your Majesty's early -—— propaganda work was really good.

This is not nonsense, Zhu Gaoxu was proud, and the ancient communication was not good, so he started to publicize it early, so that more businessmen would come.

Because of the large number of people, the original hall of the Fuller House was a little insufficient to stand, and after Zhu Gaoxu went to the scene to take a look, he simply let the auction be placed in the courtyard, and there were people standing in the hall and the courtyard, so that it was barely enough to stand.

At about the same time, Xu Jingchang came to a table in the middle, behind him was the hall of the Fuller Courtyard, which was already full of people, and in front of him was the courtyard of the Fuller Courtyard, which was also full of people.

(End of chapter)