Chapter 294: The Fall of the Second Republic (I)
After the stack of circulars was printed, Mocal returned to the War Department with the proclamations and handed them to the Minister of War. Arnault.
Saint. Arnault immediately sent an order to the telegraph office under the Secretariat to convey the "Circular of the President of the Republic on the Dispatch of the Army" by telegram to the major military districts in France and to Algeria.
The telegraph office, which received the order, moved quickly, and they used the telegraph machine grafted at the War Department to send a message to the French Territory.
The notice reads as follows:
"Soldiers!"
"You should be proud of your mission; You will save the Motherland, because I am counting on you, not to break the law, but to make the sovereignty of the State, the first law of the State, respected, and I am the legitimate representative of this sovereignty.
"For too long, you have faced the same obstacles as I do: obstacles that have hindered the good work I want to do and that have prevented you from expressing your support for me. These barriers have now been broken.
"The National Assembly is trying to undermine the authority given to me by the entire country, and it no longer exists."
"I make a sincere appeal to the people, to the army, and to them to tell me: Either give me the means to ensure your prosperity, or ask another wise man to take my place.
"In 1830 and 1848, you were considered the vanquished. They have first dampened your heroism and selflessness, and then they have shown disdain for you, and on this solemn occasion I look forward to the loud voice of the army.
"Then as citizens, please cast your vote freely; But as a soldier, keep in mind that absolute obedience to the orders of the head of government is the responsibility of the army, from the general to the soldiers, which must be strictly observed.
"I am responsible for my actions to the people, to the future generations; In view of this, it is reasonable for me to take such measures as I feel are necessary in the public interest.
"As for you, please continue to be steadfast in your discipline and honor. Please be in your solemn manner. to help the whole nation express their will in calm and reflection. ”
"Please be prepared for all the punishment of any attempt to impede the free exercise of sovereignty by the people.
"Soldiers, I don't have to mention to you the memories of the past caused by my surname. They are engraved on your heart. We are bound together by inextricable bonds. Your history is inseparable from mine. You and I have shared weal and woe in history. ”
"As for the future, we will have a common feeling and determination to preserve the tranquility and majesty of France."
As soon as the circular was sent through the telegraph office, the commanders of the major military districts received the information from the Paris region.
At 6:20 a.m., Strasbourg commander Regnio issued an order to the Parisian side in favor of President Bonaparte to dissolve the National Assembly.
At 6:30 a.m., the commander of the Italian Front on the Lyon side, Lueli, also issued an order to Paris in favor of the president's dissolution of the National Assembly.
The fact that the two military districts were able to express their loyalty to Paris at the first time was an unexpected surprise to the telegraph office, and they hastened to inform the news to the Saints. Minister Arnault.
Saint. Minister Arnault was also relieved after receiving the support of the Italian and Strasbourg fronts, with the support of these two military districts, plus the strength of Paris itself, they had at least more than half of the troops of the entire Republic, and the generals of the remaining military districts had to weigh their own strength if they wanted to oppose it.
Moreover, the army of the republic is not a private army, and those military leaders appointed and dismissed by the central government have little influence on the army.
After the first notice to the army was issued, Mocal went to the police department again.
Police Superintendent Mopa hurriedly went out to greet Mocar, who handed over the "Appeal to the People" to Superintendent Mopa and said: "Superintendent Mopa, now mobilize all your police forces to post notices on every street in Paris, as fast as possible!" ”
"Yes!" Director Mopa accepted the "appeal" from Mokal and watched Mokal leave.
After Mokal left, Mopa trotted to a conference hall with a round belly.
At this time, the conference hall was already full of people, and they were the sheriffs of the major neighborhoods of Paris.
"Now you immediately post these things in your jurisdiction, move quickly!" Mopa pointed to a thick stack of "appeals" and repeated what Mokal had said to the sheriff present.
Each of the 48 sheriffs received a certain number of "appeals" from Mopa's hands and then returned to their precincts in horse-drawn carriages.
The sheriffs who returned to the precinct summoned the police (chengguan) in the precinct and also issued an order to them not to post in the precinct as soon as possible.
Under the imposition of orders at various levels, the "appeal" was all put up at about 8 o'clock.
Now Paris has been completely out of Jérôme. under the control of Bonaparte and his army.
In the past two years, the citizens of Paris, who have experienced many martial law, have long been surprised.
Some citizens also greeted the soldiers enthusiastically and asked what they were going to do.
The soldiers, who were also vague-faced, told the soldiers that they had been ordered by their superiors to go to Paris, and that specific matters needed to be ordered by the higher authorities to act.
This means that the whole coup d'état was nothing more than Jérôme. Bonaparte and some of the top brass of the army acted arbitrarily and arbitrarily, and ordinary soldiers were only coerced by them and participated in the military coup d'état in ignorance.
Some of the mid- and lower-ranking officers were potential republicans, but in the face of the army's ironclad discipline, they could only act to arrest them.
The citizens of Paris, who had no idea what the army was going to do, saw the notice posted in the most conspicuous place on the wall, and they gathered in groups to read it.
"The French people!"
"The current situation is no longer sustainable. With each passing day, the danger to the country intensifies. The National Assembly, which was supposed to be the strongest pillar of order, has become a hotbed of intrigues. The patriotism of the three hundred members of parliament has not been able to stop this sad trend. The National Assembly does not enact laws in the interests of the whole, but is making weapons in preparation for civil war. It is encroaching on the power which I have obtained directly from the people; It is encouraging all bad desires; It is undermining the tranquility of France; I have dissolved the National Assembly and left it to the people to decide between the Assembly and me. ”
"As you all know, the provisions of the Constitution are intended in advance to weaken the powers that you will give me. Six million votes was a loud protest against the Constitution, yet I faithfully abide by it. I am indifferent to provocations, slanders, insults. But today, those who continue to cite the Basic Law no longer respect it; Those who have destroyed two dynasties still want to tie my hands and feet in order to overthrow this republic. At times like these, it is incumbent upon me to thwart their insidious schemes, to preserve the Republic, to save the country, and to rely on the solemn judgment of the only master, whom I have recognized in France, namely, the people. ”
"Therefore, I make an honest appeal to the nation, and inform you: if you are willing to continue this disturbing state of affairs, which is depriving you of your dignity and harming our future, please choose someone else to replace me, for I do not want to have this power, which is holding me accountable for actions that I cannot prevent; It continued to bind me to the rudder of the ship, and I watched as the great ship sailed away, about to fall into the abyss. ”
"If, on the contrary, you still trust me, then please give me the means to accomplish the great mission that I have been entrusted to accomplish by you."
"The mission is to put an end to this period of repeated revolutions, and at the same time to meet the legitimate needs of the people and to protect them against subversive fanaticism. This mission is in particular to build institutions that are more stable than human beings and to lay the foundations on which something will last forever. ”
"I am convinced that the instability of the regime, the supremacy of the National Assembly alone, is the recurrent cause of confusion and discord. I therefore ask you to endorse the following main elements of a constitution, which could be developed by parliaments at a later date:
1. There shall be a responsible Head of State for a term of ten years;
2. There shall be a number of ministers who are merely subordinate to the executive body;
3. The Council of State, composed of the most eminent personalities, which is responsible for drafting bills and submitting them to the legislature for consideration;
4. To establish a legislature to deliberate and adopt laws, which shall be elected by universal suffrage and shall not come from 'elections by list' which falsifies the results of elections;
5. The Second Council, composed of all the eminent persons of the country, constitutes a balance of power, guarantees the fundamental law, and public liberties.
"This system, created by the Archmaster at the beginning of this century, has brought peace and prosperity to France; It will also guarantee peace and prosperity for France. ”
"That's what I don't know. If you agree, please do so by the ballot papers. If, on the contrary, you prefer a weak government, whether a monarchy or a republic, which is copied from a history from which I do not know its origin, or from an illusory future, then answer in the negative. ”
"It follows that for the first time since 1804 you will vote with a clear mind, that is to say, you will know perfectly well who you are voting for and what you are voting for."
"If I do not get a majority of your votes, then I will facilitate the convening of a new National Assembly and will return to it the mandate that has been granted to you."
"If, however, you think that the cause symbolized by my surname, the France revived by the Revolution of 1789, the well-organized France of the Emperor Napoleon, is still your cause, I ask you to declare aloud that the means are to approve the powers which I have asked you to give me."
"Then France and Europe will be saved from anarchy, the barriers will be leveled, and the hostility between them will disappear, for all men will obey the will of God according to the judgment of the great people."
After reading the appeal, the citizens realized what had happened. President Bonaparte went so far as to stage a military coup.
The crowd began to stir, and then a voice was heard: "Oh God! Jérôme. Bonaparte went so far as to dissolve the National Assembly! How could he do it! ”
Then from somewhere came a rebuttal: "The president is the right given by all the French people, and he is obliged to dissolve the National Assembly in order to defend France!" ”
"If the National Assembly is dissolved, who will be able to represent us?"
"Didn't you see the announcement that it said? To re-form the council! ”
The crowd split into three factions in an instant, one of which supported Jérôme. Bonaparte, the other faction against Jérôme. Bonaparte, however, was a member of the centrists who considered Jérôme. Bonaparte, whether it was the National Assembly, as long as it did not disturb the order of the whole of Paris, let them compete for power.
After the "appeal" was issued, the citizens of Paris remained in a stable state.
Many citizens responded with indifference.
At 9 a.m., the bunker of the Élysée Palace was opened. Bonaparte, dressed in the same lev dress and Napoleonic hat as his uncle Emperor Napoleon, went out with the support of the soldiers.
From the Élysée Palace to the Place de la Concorde, all the way to Jérôme. Bonaparte warmly shook hands with the soldiers and thanked them for their efforts to save the Republic.
At 10 a.m., Jérôme. Bonaparte arrived at the Place de la Concorde.
At this time, soldiers of a regiment of the 2nd Brigade were stationed on the Place de la Concorde. Under the leadership of Colonel Gasyi, Jérôme. Bonaparte shook hands with the commanders of each company and asked them warmly for their names.
The captains looked at Jérôme with excitement. Bonaparte, eager for Vigerrome. Bonaparte died.
"Soldiers, you are the saviors of France......" Jérôme. Once again, Bonaparte publicly praised the entire French army at the Place de la Concorde.
Without the help of these bayonets, Jérôme. Bonaparte's attempt to overthrow the National Assembly was a fantasy.
In the eyes of all the soldiers, Jérôme. Bonaparte left the Place de la Concorde for the Hôtel de Ville.
With the exception of the high-ranking officials [the high-ranking officials of the Seine Province have been arrested for being potential republicans], all the senior civil servants of the town hall have joined Jérôme. Bonaparte came to the audience, and they decisively called Jérôme. Bonaparte as "Your Majesty".
Jérôme. Bonaparte also reciprocated by assuring that the occupation would soon be over.
At that time, they will still be the executors of the entire Paris policy.
Hear Jérôme. The senior civil servants of the Paris City Hall, guaranteed by Bonaparte, breathed a sigh of relief in their hearts, and the repeated entry and exit of the army really made these "poor" civil servants feel Alexander.
Condolences to the civil servants of the town hall Jérôme. Bonaparte finally arrived at the Palais Bourbon, the final place of his formation, where he was to announce the dissolution of the National Assembly and the end of the Second Republic.
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