Chapter 1 Introduction

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History is always strikingly similar.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Huangchao uprising, and in 907, Zhu Wen abolished the Tang Dynasty and established the Later Liang. Since then, the various festivals and warlord forces have been divided and opened the country, and the various forces have fallen against each other, and the flames of war have raged, and Chinese history has entered a Warring States era, known as the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.

The Northern Zhou Dynasty was a mainstream country in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and Zhou Shizong Chai Rong was originally a righteous son of the Guo family, and later succeeded the mantle of the Guo family as the throne. Zhou Shizong was an idealistic and aspiring emperor who reformed politics, straightened out the economy, and developed the military, and later Zhou became a powerful country. But unfortunately Zhou Shizong only served as emperor for six years, and in 959 Zhou Shizong fell ill and died, and his son was only seven years old when Zhou Shizong died.

There was a military general Zhao Kuangyin in the Later Zhou Dynasty, who was very popular with Sejong, and was reused as the commander of the forbidden army because of his participation in supporting Guo Wei as the emperor of the Later Zhou Dynasty. When Zhou Shizong was honored, he was promoted to the position of the emperor (the highest general of the emperor's army) because of his military exploits, mastered the military power of the Later Zhou, and concurrently served as the envoy of Songzhou (now south of Shangqiu County, Henan Province) to the German army, responsible for the defense of Bianjing. However, not long after Sejong's death, in 960, the Chenqiao Mutiny, Zhao Kuangyin's imperial robe was added, and the Song Dynasty was established, and the Later Zhou Dynasty died out in this way.

From the abolition of the Tang Dynasty by Zhu Wen to the establishment of the Song Dynasty, the five dynasties and ten kingdoms have experienced a total of 53 years. Although the Song Dynasty unified most of China after years of conquest, it was not possible to achieve true unification until it was destroyed by the Yuan in 1279 and after 319 years. Dali in Yunnan in the south, Western Xia in the northwest, Liao in the north, and later the Jin State have always existed, and some are even stronger than the Great Song Dynasty.

In 1125, Jin and Song jointly destroyed the Liao State, and the Jin State became the main enemy of the Great Song Dynasty, and two years later, that is, 167 years after the founding of the Great Song Dynasty, in 1127, Dajin's army broke through the capital of the Great Song Dynasty, Kaifeng, Jingkang's difficulty destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, captured the two emperors of Weiqin, and the Zhao family only survived the ninth son of Qinzong, Zhao Gou, so Zhao Gou inherited the Taoist system and established the Southern Song Dynasty. After five years of chaotic wars, Song Gaozong Zhao Gou went through several tribulations, and finally established the capital in Lin'an (now Hangzhou) in 1132 (the second year of Shaoxing), opening the history of nearly 147 years in the south.

In 1132, the second year of Zhao Gou Lin'an (Hangzhou) fixed the capital, in March 1133, a thunderclap sounded, and the history of China began to turn a corner.

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