Chapter 18: The Missing Zinc
Early in the morning, Guan Yu and Stilwell brothers, guards, and twenty or thirty people ran to the martial arts training ground, one by one stretched out their right arms straight, their two eyes opened and closed, and a few used the jumping method to measure their steps, and practiced the thumb distance measurement method.
Gao Pet saw it in his eyes, and after practicing martial arts, he walked over and talked about several methods and key points of ranging again.
This ranging is the basic skill of a soldier, and the main thing to measure accurately is experience, the length or height of the reference object must be accurate, and the second is to accumulate time experience. This thumb ranging method is fresh, and even Guan Lin, Gao Yang, and Gao Fan are also in this team.
Not to mention that Guan Yu and Stilwell were so scorched by the test of this new weapon that they couldn't find the north, and they trained themselves the thumb ranging method taught to them by Gao Pet Xin, learned new terms such as calculations, angles, and shooting parameters for different distance projectiles, and learned the three-point-one-line aiming technique, it seems that they have been busy for a while.
It seems that the recruitment and selection of new recruits for the nursing home will be some more days. However, the cooperation between my grandfather's family and some families in Guan Yuningguo, and what industries to use and what technologies to use still need to be planned. Gao Zhong locked himself in the yard, occasionally asked Dazhu or Fubo to call in to arrange some, and he has been writing and painting for several days. People don't know what he does.
On this day, Fuber also pulled a cart of things into the yard of Gao Pet. Gao Pet was walking out of the house to take a breath when he saw Fu Bo come in.
"What's wrong with Fauber? Stuff is still pulling here? ”
"Young Master, that's the case, didn't you want to collect different stones and minerals some time ago, just today a few stones were sent from the Gaocun base, so I will bring them to you together. In addition, your mother has received a letter that your grandfather from Chizhou set off for Tongling yesterday three days ago, saying that he will arrive this afternoon or tomorrow morning, and let me tell you. ”
Fauber said as he unloaded the bag from the car, the big bag and a small cloth bag.
"This bag was found in Fangjiashan in Tongling, it seems to be the kind of bentonite you said, it will swell a lot when the water is poured up, and it will become clay, this kind of stone is dug out in the same place as this soil." Gao Zhong saw that the fruit was bentonite, and the stone was montmorillonite.
"Do you have any of this stone left at home?"
"Young Master, what am I keeping him for with this kind of thing?" Fauber didn't know what Gao Zhong meant, and a stone was useless.
"This thing can be useful, this is a kind of medicinal material, diarrhea, mouth sores, and jaundice in children can be cured. Do you have pigs, cows or anything at home? ”
"Young Master, don't be funny, those animals can be raised in this Gao Mansion, but they are raised in the old mansion of Gao Village."
"Then you let the family add one or two taels to the feed every day to ensure that it grows fast and fat."
"The eldest young master, really? Then I'll get some of it and put it at home then. ”
"You let our Gao family raise livestock, feed two or three taels every day, and arrange it."
This bentonite and montmorillonite are mainly used as the main binder for casting sand, as an additive for papermaking and paint, and the weaving cloth is used to sizing it to save grain and not to lint.
Fauber said and took out another cloth bag.
"This is the stone you said would be like boiling water if you put it on a fire," this is a white stone with a hint of orange and red envelopes.
It is indeed a piece of zeolite, which Gao Pet used when he was doing experiments in middle school. Zeolite can be used as a desiccant, and black powder moisture-proof should be used for it.
"Fauber, this is zeolite, it's better to feed the pigs with him than to that montmorillonite."
"Young Master, can horses and cows eat this thing?"
"Yes, keep the cattle and horses fat and fat, and I will use this to keep the gunpowder out of moisture."
"Young Master, I'll do this."
"The other two pieces are ores sent by the base, what do you see?"
These two ores, one is a lot of translucent ore with light yellow, yellow-brown and brown colors, the resin luster changes to semi-metallic luster, and it is mixed with gangue, much like sphalerite, and the other is gray with white ore, which should be a lead-zinc mixed ore body. Whether it is or not, we still have to do some experiments. If it is indeed the base discovery, it is likely to be a lead-zinc mining area.
Zinc was not discovered in the West until much later. Zinc smelting is also a modern technology. Brass (copper-zinc alloy) was rare before the Ming Dynasty. Mainly bronze (copper-tin alloy) and a small amount of cupronickel (copper-nickel alloy). So the early culture of antiquity is called the bronze culture. This is because tin is very easy to refine. Gold, silver, copper, iron, and tin are the famous "hardware" in ancient times.
This is because this zinc is very similar to mercury, zinc oxide can be reduced to metallic zinc at a high temperature of 950 °C to 1000 °C, while liquid zinc has boiled at 906 °C, and the zinc in the smelting process has run into the air. The reaction is reversed on cooling, and the vapor zinc is re-oxidized to zinc oxide. Therefore, to obtain metallic zinc, it is necessary to have a special condensing device.
Lead existed very early in ancient times, and lead and zinc often coexisted, but before the Ming Dynasty, the ancients only refined lead, but did not refine zinc for this reason. It was during smelting that the zinc ran away.
The earliest official record of the use of zinc in the world is "Tiangong Kaiwu" written by Song Yingxing of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, the production process of zinc was very simple, calamine (i.e. sidezinc ore) was filled with clay pots and sealed, piled into a cone, and the gaps between the jars were filled with charcoal, and the pots were broken to obtain extracted metal zinc ingots.
In Dangtu, Fuber found pyrophyllite, an aluminosilicate clay ore that was used locally to make stone carvings, and Gao Chong wanted to use it to make acid refractory bricks and crucibles. Kaolin for porcelain was also found in Tongling, which can also be used as a refractory brick and crucible material.
"According to the approximate location you said last time, we found magnetite and hematite in Changlong Mountain, which was ten miles into Taochong, and the news was suppressed by Mrs. and Second Uncle and did not let others know. It was less than sixty miles for this Yao to rush over, and it didn't take a day to walk on the water, and the wife and the second uncle wanted to buy that place. "Momoki is the modern port of Ogi Port. It belongs to the boundary of Fanchang County, close to Tongling. There are two iron ore veins in Hagigang are hematite and magnetite, and both are rare high-rich ores, and the iron ore veins are divided into two branches: Taochongzhi Jinshidun, Tiantian Mountain, Changlong Mountain, Pingdingshan and Guzhuling are one; Pan Chong, Da Ko Mountain, Xiao Ko Mountain and Qilin Nunnery are another branch. The location is good and the mining is convenient.
The mine was discovered in 1911. There is a story here: Changlong Mountain is full of bare ochre red ore, large into a small mound, small as pebbles, few villagers living here know its value, only to the Qing Dynasty Xuantong three years (1911), Taochong has a person named Hu Qijun, only to know its economic value, he found dozens of tons of iron ore at the northern foot of Changlong Mountain ready to sell, but can not find a buyer. Later, he heard that there was a Hanyeping Coal and Iron Factory Mining Company (referred to as Hanyeping Company) that had a representative in Wuhu, so he sent all the ore to Wuhu. There is an iron ore in Taochong that was discovered.
There are dozens of kinds of ore sent by Fubo, some of the high pets know, some of the high pets do not know, although the high pets joined the army of crossing, but in the previous life, the high pets did not study geology after all, and the smelting knowledge was enough, but this geological minerals can only be regarded as a layman, but also a layman. What Gao Long wanted to do most was to make steel and iron, which is the foundation of modern industry, without steel, everything is equal to zero.
However, the steelmaking and iron-making officials of the Song Dynasty were controlled by themselves, and the laws were also very strict, and ordinary people could not move around, which was also one of the reasons why Gao Zhong did not do it for a long time. Another reason is that now Gao Pet is short of money and has made liquor, but the output is still small, and the money is still not enough. The company needs the master's money.
Gao Zhong plans to let his grandfather's Su family make this glass together. But glass looks simple, but in fact it is impossible without new refractory bricks and crucibles. It's still a headache, this glass has to reach 1550 to 1600 degrees like steelmaking, and the current refractory materials are only about 1300 degrees of refractory, and refractory bricks and crucibles have to be made before making glass.
This alkali is also a headache, you say to get three or five catties, you can buy it on the market, but once it is industrially produced, it is not about catties, but about tons. The alkali used in the society is imported, imported from Dashi Persia, and there are natural minerals in Turkey. China is a country lacking alkali, although modern times have found a few large mines, but they are all thousands of meters underground, Gao Zhong now does not have that technology. There is also the mining of coke, dolomite, fluorite, and manganese siliconite for ironmaking. Lifting technology, blower technology. A momentary headache.
Fauber left early, and Gao Pet stared at a pile of various ores in a daze.
"Young Master, grandpa has arrived, and my wife will let you go." Chun Tao in her mother's room came to report.
"Didn't you say it would arrive in the afternoon or tomorrow?" I didn't expect my grandfather to come quickly.
In the living room of the Gao family sat an old man sixty years old, with a long white beard floating on his chest, wearing a foreign hat, with a ruddy face and a very temperamental. This is Gao Pet's grandfather.
The grandfather sat in the living room drinking tea and talking to his mother. Along with my grandfather were the second uncle and the second uncle's daughter. The younger brothers Gao Yang and Gao Fan had already sat quietly in their chairs.
My grandfather's name is Su Hui.
He was originally a bachelor of Hanlin in the former Hui and Song dynasties, and during the Qinzong period, he was released to Chizhou as a governor, so the family moved to Chizhou, and the three-year term expired, and he was in the Jingkang Rebellion, and he reached the age of 60 so he asked Chen to resign from his current position, and the court gave him an honorary position of a palace temple green official to recuperate at home.
This 'self-request to dismiss the current post' is the Song Dynasty's "please county" system. High-ranking officials, because of their excessive tenure or conflicts with the political opinions of their colleagues, can request to be appointed as a foreign vassal, which is called "please county". If the original title of the prime minister is appointed by the festival, it is the "prime minister". Gongguan Ancestral Hall was a unique official system in the Song Dynasty. The emperors of the Song Dynasty advocated Taoism and established many palaces inside and outside the capital. Those who are in Beijing are Beijing words, and those who are outside are outside the ancestral hall. Song Zhenzong ordered Prime Minister Wang Danchong Yuqing to be the palace envoy for the beginning of the prime minister and palace envoy. Subsequently, relatives, clans and deacons dismissed officials and stayed in Beijing, and many palace officials. Officials who are tired and unemployed also hold many positions. So the system was formed: all ministers dismissed the incumbent, ordered the management of the Taoist palace to show good gifts, and had no ministry, but borrowed the name "to eat Qilu", called "ancestral Lu".