Emperor Zhu Jianyan of the Ming Dynasty presided over the tax reform in Beijing, and Zhu Jingyuan accelerated the reform of the ticket system in Jiangnan.

Emperor Zhu Zhongliang, after triggering the Gusu Qianzhuang incident in Suzhou, did not stay too long.

After arresting the relevant personnel of Gusu Qianzhuang, they were directly handed over to the court officials to deal with.

Zhu Zhongliang continued his own inspection.

After leaving Suzhou, I went to Songjiang, mainly to see the shipyard.

Then I went to Nantong and went to see the automobile industry.

Then they went around to Hangzhou, Zhoushan, and went to the Eastern Naval Base.

Finally, I went out for a run with the latest aircraft carrier formation.

After observing and inquiring about the latest aircraft carrier combat training methods, Zhu Zhongliang felt very satisfied.

What I've been looking forward to for decades is finally infinitely close to being fully realized.

According to what I know, jet aircraft, carrier-based and airborne missiles, and carrier-based early warning aircraft have also begun to be developed.

The real service will be in the next few years.

The theoretical research on atomic energy weapons has also been basically completed by the new Tianfu side.

The follow-up is the engineering problem.

As long as you don't get seriously ill in the past few years, you will definitely be able to see it in your lifetime.

On April 15, the 11th year of Ankang, Zhu Zhongliang returned to the Forbidden City of Yingtianfu again.

Zhu Jingyuan put down the work at hand and went to greet and accompany the old man.

In the dormitory of Renshou Palace, Zhu Zhongliang was very comfortable lying on the recliner and chattering to Zhu Jingyuan sitting next to him:

"How's the income tax reform going? Did your dad get it? ”

Zhu Jingyuan recalled the news he got from his father's notice that had not yet been made public:

"The Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Taxation, and the Ministry of Criminal Justice have cooperated to formulate a plan for the collection of inheritance tax and gift tax.

"Both are calculated in a progressive way, but the tax threshold and tax rate are calculated separately.

"Inheritance tax is levied on the recipient and gift tax is levied on the giver.

"The threshold for gift tax is a single 100 silver bills, and 1,200 silver bills per year.

"If a single gift of 100 silver bills is given, no tax will be paid if the total amount of 1,200 silver bills given in the whole year is less.

"If more than 100 silver bills are given in a single transaction, but not more than 1,200 silver bills are given in a whole year.

"At that time, it will be paid according to the determined single gift tax rate, and the full amount will be refunded in the second year with the tax payment certificate.

"The portion between one hundred and one thousand silver notes is taxed at five percent.

"The portion between 1,000 and 10,000 silver notes is taxed at 10 percent.

"The tax rate is 20 percent for the portion between 10,000 and 100,000 silver notes.

"The portion between 100,000 silver notes and 1,000,000 is taxed at 30 percent.

"The tax rate is 40 percent for the portion above 1,000,000 silver bills.

"The threshold of inheritance tax is 10,000 silver bills, and no tax is paid on the part below 10,000 silver notes.

"The tax rate is five percent for the portion between 10,000 and 50,000 silver notes.

"The tax rate is 10 percent for the portion between 50,000 and 250,000 silver notes.

"The tax rate is 20 percent for the portion between 250,000 and 1,000,000 silver notes.

"The tax rate is thirty percent for the portion between one million and five million silver notes.

"The tax rate is 40 percent for the portion above five million silver notes.

"Finally, there's the tax refund package.

"The first level is a general tax refund, and both the donor and the inheritor have no illegal and criminal records, and no tax evasion records.

"An act of giving an inheritance worth less than 250,000 silver bills, and a gift of less than 10,000 silver bills.

"The tax paid at that time in the normal proportion is refunded in full in the following year.

"The final effective tax rate is zero.

"Fifty percent of the tax shall be refunded for an inheritance worth more than 250,000 silver bills, and a gift of more than 10,000 silver bills.

"The above corresponding tiers of tax rates are all halved.

"Whether gifted or inherited, the final effective tax rate does not exceed 20 percent.

"On the basis of the third basis, the remaining part of the tax, with the approval of the Ministry of Rites and Zongbo, can be refunded by half.

"With the special approval of my father, I can return it in full.

However, at present, a large number of officials, treasurers, nobles, and clans have reacted and cannot accept this plan.

"The main reason is that there should be no pre-set universal tax refund scheme.

"The upper limit of the tax rate for direct collection should be set at 20 percent.

"Then on this basis, it will be returned with the approval of the yamen at all levels.

"Mr. Shen suggested that the draft be released to the whole world for discussion, but they did not agree to ......"

Zhu Zhongliang sneered directly when he heard this:

"Obviously, people who own tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, or even millions of silver money assets will have a record of violating the law to a greater or lesser extent.

"According to the rules of the old man, it is a crime to ride a horse while drunk, it is illegal to walk in the prescribed direction, and it is illegal to evade taxes as long as there is a penny not paid.

"Those nobles and clans may not dare to make big mistakes, but there must be a lot of small mistakes, and there are very few people who have not been punished by any yamen at all.

"It is almost impossible for all those who have run businesses to be completely free from a little tax.

"Most of the people who really pay their taxes honestly, live honestly, and don't break the law at all are guys and small businessmen who work.

"So if you follow this rule, these people will give up half of their taxes.

"Of course they don't agree.

"As for the open discussion...... This basic plan is obviously restricting the wealthy class.

"Ordinary family...... Not to mention ordinary families, the vast majority of professional bureaucratic families, most ordinary merchants, should not have a family property of 250,000 silver bills.

Even, most people can't imagine that they can earn 250,000 silver bills in their lifetime.

"When this tax law plan is announced, the relevant personnel will definitely feel very happy, and there will definitely be many people who support it.

"It's not because ordinary people can't see the good of others, but because taxing the rich and noble can narrow the class gap.

"It is beneficial for the children of ordinary families to catch up with the children of wealthy families through hard work......

"However, those who can directly participate in the discussion are basically not real ordinary families, and most of them will be restricted.

"So most of the people around your dad will stand up against it.

"This plan definitely needs to be revised.

"At the very least, there is no illegal record, and most of them should be changed to no criminal record.

"Even in the last few years, there is no criminal record, no tax evasion record......

"It's up to your dad to fight with them."

Zhu Jingyuan also nodded lightly:

"I originally thought that there would be no inheritance tax directly, but I didn't expect my father to really want to collect this tax."

When Zhu Zhongliang heard this, he couldn't help but sit up forward:

"You...... If you don't know that firewood and rice are expensive, you are too generous when making decisions.

"While I can still move, I'll talk to you today.

"Emperor Shizu's method of lifting the roof is of course easy to use, although the plan of lifting the roof is usually not the ultimate goal, but the plan for opening the window is not casual.

"If it can be done, the roof-lifting solution is the final solution.

"If you can not compromise or compromise, you must not compromise and stick to your goals.

"Just like this inheritance tax, if it can be collected, then of course it must be collected.

"It's not that you find it difficult and give up.

"If you give up when you find it difficult, then you don't have to fight a foreign war.

"It's so difficult to fight, it's better to admit defeat directly!"

Zhu Jingyuan opened his mouth:

"Grandpa...... It's not that I want to give up, it's that the inheritance tax is really difficult to collect.

"It's not that the owners of the estate are not cooperative, but more importantly, it is difficult to quantify and deliver.

"Let's say, for example, a family with a factory that is valued at a million silver bills in the market.

"According to the current temporary tax scheme, when this factory is passed on to children, it has to pay a tax of 172,000 silver bills.

"The whole factory is only one million silver bills, and it is impossible to have 170,000 silver bills of liquid money on the account.

"Even if there is, if you take it all out to pay taxes, the whole factory will be paralyzed, and it is likely to go out of business directly.

"If the level continues to improve, the pressure will become even greater.

"The market price of 10 million silver banknotes of the trading house had to pay 3,370,000 silver bills at that time.

"It is impossible for an heir to take it......

"It's a similar story with houses and estates.

"If a nobleman's estate and land are worth tens of millions of silver dollars, but the annual income may not exceed one million silver dollars, and he has to pay all kinds of expenses.

"It is impossible for his children to pay the inheritance tax......

Zhu Zhongliang shook his head when he heard this:

"You usually think from the workers' standpoint, but why are you on the side of the factory owner?

"Even from the standpoint of the factory owner, you don't have a thorough understanding of their methods.

"It's very simple for the heirs of factories and commercial banks to pay taxes if they can't take out cash, and they can just hand over their equity in proportion.

"It just so happens that the imperial court already has a government-run consortium, and it is enough to directly give the equity to similar manufacturers of the government-run consortium to operate.

"If you don't want to hand over your equity, you can go to the bank for a mortgage and repay the loan in a few years or even more than ten years.

"You can also give the equity of the factory to the owners of the whole family, and even use the shares to hire important treasurers and managers.

"Because this inheritance tax scheme is based on the tax rate calculated according to the amount of assets acquired by the heirs.

"The lower the amount of assets acquired by a single heir, the smaller the amount of taxes that need to be paid overall.

"If the assets of 10 million are not split, you need to pay 3.37 million income tax.

"After the distribution of the ten men, each of them has an asset of one million, and he has to pay a tax of 172,000 silver bills.

"Of the total tax that ten people need to pay, there are only 1,720,000 silver bills left.

"The big owners of the factory, in fact, only need to control 30% of the shares to fully control the entire factory.

"Everything else can be distributed to important subordinates and partners.

"The 30% of the shares will be split among several children, and each child will pay less taxes and total taxes.

"The imperial court can also issue special regulations, so that in the case of splitting up the inherited family property, the tax rate can be further reduced.

"For example, 10 million family assets are divided equally among five children, and each child can get 2 million, but each person only needs to pay income tax at the rate of 1 million.

"Add to that the portion that will eventually be returned, and the actual amount of tax that needs to be paid will be lower.

"In some ways, this scheme can be regarded as a new version of the Tui En Decree......

"You don't have to worry, after continuous splitting, there will be no economies of scale for manufacturers, and large factories and commercial houses are of course government-run.

"The more detailed the private manufacturers, the more stable the entire market will be.

"Just like in the early years of a dynasty in which the whole world was filled with yeoman farmers and small landlords, society was much more stable than in the last years of a dynasty, when there were large landowners and tenant farmers everywhere.

"It can also be used to transform the folk clan-style vendor management method into a commercial management method.

"Several heirs can all own equity, and they can give the equity to the government manufacturer as inheritance tax.

"However, the entire plant itself can still continue to operate in its entirety.

"It's just that the manager has changed from the original proprietor family to a professional shopkeeper who can be chosen by the imperial court.

"What's more, the most important purpose of this tax reform is to establish the law.

"The current situation of Daming may be difficult to implement, but it can be used as a goal to work on.

"In the future, we will focus on the existing tax law, explore a reasonable implementation plan, establish a sound implementation agency, and slowly put it away."

After listening to this, Zhu Jingyuan suddenly nodded again and again:

"I ...... I really didn't think about it, my thinking was really off track......

"I didn't mean to put myself in the shoes of the factory owner.

"I'm just thinking about it from the perspective of the 'factory' itself.

"I didn't immediately think about separating the ownership and management of the 'factory......

Zhu Jingyuan actually read a lot of news and articles from the media in his previous life.

I do feel that inheritance tax and gift tax are too difficult to collect.

I even considered that the factory that was originally operating normally collapsed directly because of the inheritance tax.

No other modern means were considered, as well as simpler and crude schemes that could have been implemented in the age of kingship.

Zhu Jingyuan even subconsciously believed that some people claimed that the inheritance tax harmed the interests of the middle class.

However, in the future, the inheritance tax threshold in the United States has been mentioned to be more than 11 million US dollars, and the total exemption of gift tax is also more than 11 million, totaling more than 22 million assets legally exempt from taxation to children.

Not to mention the assets of the American middle class, not to mention more than 22 million, in fact, the vast majority of people have negative assets......

At present, the actual threshold in the initial plan of the inheritance tax of the Ming Dynasty is directly placed at 250,000 silver banknotes, which is equivalent to 25 million yuan in later generations.

At the same time, the land price and real estate price of the Ming Dynasty were held down by the imperial court and could not rise at all.

In this case, the families with 25 million assets can only be the owners of small factories and manufacturers.

It is difficult for self-employed people who run very well to meet this standard.

Moreover, even if the assets exceed 200,000 silver bills, the effective tax rate below 1 million silver bills is only 10 percent.

This is equivalent to 100 million yuan of assets in the next generation, and only 10% inheritance tax needs to be paid, and the inheritance tax rate in the United States is 40%.

Compared with the bourgeois countries of the United States in later generations, this is really conservative and traditional to an extremely high degree......

Zhu Zhongliang listened to Zhu Jingyuan's explanation, and quickly understood.

Compared with the care of ordinary workers and farmers, his grandson is more concerned about industrial development.

In particular, the promotion of aviation, enterprises, and shipbuilding industries has reached the level of doing everything.

It is understandable to worry that the inheritance tax will cripple the factories and trading houses that had been running well.

(End of chapter)