Emperor Gregorian calendar year 2110.

The "space jump", that is, the electromagnetic acceleration launch track, has been built one after another.

Four formal nuclear fusion power stations have also been put into operation, and the Ming people are having almost unlimited primary energy.

The Daming Air Force began to continue to send supplies into space, and the nuclear fusion power station on the lunar surface is under intense construction.

Other lunar industrial facilities, as well as the lunar deep space exploration base, have completed comprehensive planning and will be carried out in an orderly manner.

Experiments on light-speed-one-hundredths spacecraft have also been completed.

Other satellites and asteroids in the inner solar system with available space resources have already entered the scope of future exploration.

The Ming people are about to officially enter the space age.

But all these seemingly grand things are not the most important things in 2110.

The most important thing is that it is still top secret for the time being.

The craftsmen of Yingzhou Laboratory, with the assistance of complex intelligent machines, have achieved a number of new achievements that are about to completely change the fate of mankind.

They completed the complete gene editing of two chimpanzee fertilized eggs.

After implanting in two female chimpanzees, they successfully developed into chimpanzee larvae and were born normally.

Now it is growing up healthily according to the predetermined characteristics.

Craftsmen are not knocking out or modifying a gene, or adding or subtracting a particular type.

Rather, it completely reshapes the genetic profile of this organism as a whole.

While retaining the full functionality, all the problems accumulated in the course of evolution have been eliminated at once.

This kind of technology is used in people, and it can also solve various defects in human beings.

Humans are the most complex animals in the world.

From the original single-celled organisms, it has evolved step by step over billions of years to what it is now.

"Evolution" is more accurately referred to as "evolution", and the essence of evolution is that beneficial mutations are conducive to survival and reproduction, so they are preserved and passed on.

Mutations are unplanned and purposeless.

Universal, all kinds of sudden, aimless, physiological changes that occur all the time, without a goal.

After this sudden change occurs, it is tested by the laws of nature.

If a mutation increases the survivability of the owner, the owner will have an advantage in the competition for survival.

In turn, more descendants will be left behind.

If the offspring can maintain the same characteristics, they will continue to have an advantage in the competition for survival and continue to leave more offspring.

Over time, groups with this mutant trait will become the mainstream among similar organisms.

Individuals without this mutant trait will gradually disappear.

If a mutated trait has a negative effect, it will cause the owner to have a reduced survivability.

Naturally, such individuals rarely leave offspring.

If the offspring still have the same mutant characteristics, they will be at a greater disadvantage in the competition for survival, and it will be more difficult to keep offspring.

Organisms with this mutated trait will struggle to survive and will not be able to pass on to future generations, and will eventually disappear.

Since the mutation itself is not planned, the test criterion is only whether it is conducive to survival and reproduction, and other issues have not been specifically examined at all.

In the process of this mutation, all kinds of problems will definitely arise and leave behind, seemingly unimportant problems.

A typical problem that is closely related to human life is the human and vertebrate eyes.

If most invertebrate eyes are plastic bags, then vertebrate eyes are plastic bags turned inside out.

Most of the invertebrate eye structures are photoreceptor cells in front of the visual conduction nerves.

When light enters the eye, it is first directed at the photoreceptor cells.

The photoreceptor cells process the visual signals and transmit them directly to the optic nerve behind them, which in turn transmits the signals to the brain further back.

The front-to-back flow is very smooth, and the lines are designed behind the panels very well.

It is equivalent to the screen driver board behind the LCD panel, the signal cable behind the driver board, and the signal is transmitted to the motherboard from front to back.

The human and all vertebrate eyes are the exact opposite.

Photoreceptor cells are behind the optic nerve.

When light enters the eye, it first passes through the optic nerve layer before it hits the photoreceptor cells.

There is nothing good about such a process.

It is also required that the optic nerve layer be as thin as possible, as transparent as possible, and not block the light, otherwise it will affect vision.

Photoreceptor cells process the visual signals and transmit them to the optic nerve that stands in front of them.

The optic nerve also does not have any benefit in front of the photoreceptor cells.

The nerve also has to make a hole in the layer of photoreceptor cells in order to transmit visual signals to the brain behind the eye.

No matter how small the hole is, it is still a hole, so it will leave a blind spot.

It is equivalent to the LCD screen driver board on the front of the screen, in order not to block the display content of the screen, it can only be designed to be as transparent as possible.

Also dig a hole in the middle of the screen so that the signal cable on the driver board passes through the screen and connects to the motherboard behind the screen.

From the perspective of human beings' own industrial design logic, this belongs to the design of the brain disease.

The root cause of this is that the eyes of the earliest vertebrates grew on the back of their heads.

The head of a vertebrate has undergone several mutations, the initial back of the head becomes the later front face, and the entire head is flipped back and forth once.

Instead of making a circle along the scalp, the eyes turned back and forth in place as if they were taking off their socks.

After this mutation, the eye direction is right.,Although there are a lot of problems, but it can be used.,So I continued to use it in this way.。

This is not the end, there has been a phenomenon of "regret" in the history of evolution.

Some animals have certain functions of the body that seem to be of little use to them at a certain time.

So this function disappears, and other useful mutations that increase their abilities may be retained as beneficial mutations.

But in the next era, it turns out that this feature is useful again.

Therefore, among the surviving ethnic groups, groups with similar functions have emerged, and they have become the new mainstream in the times.

But the useful functions that emerge from later mutations and the functions that disappear from the last mutation are usually two very different forms and constructions.

Since it's a mutation, it's not planned, it's just that it just happens to be similar to the original function.

If there is any similarity, it is pure coincidence.

Among them, the most typical representatives are human and primate eyes......

When mammals first appeared, they were basically similar to rats, and they were also diurnal and nocturnal.

So the ability to perceive red and green doesn't make much sense.

But the ability to sense the intensity of light is very useful, allowing them to see clearly in the dark.

Some individual mutations in early mammals led to a weakening of cells that perceive red and green, and an increase in cells that perceive light intensity.

The picture of the world has become black and white, but the contrast between the different lights is particularly strong.

This mutation was beneficial at the time, and individuals with this mutation were able to find more food, which in turn left more offspring.

Later, mammals grew in size and began to compete for niches during the day.

In particular, the monkeys began to eat fruit on the trees, so they needed to tell whether the fruit was ripe by color.

Some individuals in the group have been mutated unexpectedly, causing them to be less able to perceive light, but they are now able to distinguish between red and green.

This is also a beneficial mutation in this era.

They are able to find more ripe fruit and thus survive and leave more offspring.

Today's humans are descendants of these monkeys.

This mutation is just as muscary as the mutation of the eye flip, and the gene that controls the production of red photoreceptors is unstable.

In the process of human development, once there is a problem with this gene, it may lose the ability to perceive red and become medically red-green color blindness.

Humans and primates are probably the species with the highest probability of eye lesions of all animals......

Because their eyes are so well done.

Mutations like this happen all the time, but most of them don't make sense, and people don't feel it and they don't feel it.

It's like some people will mutate into a bird-like four-color vision.

However, this mutation cannot directly improve the probability of survival, nor can it directly improve the chance of reproduction, so it cannot be specialized and fixed.

The "evolutionary" results that we can see are actually a general survivorship bias.

Survivors and successful people are the ones who survive and speak out.

The losers are gone.

Therefore, observing the evolution of the living animals in the world gives the impression that we have worked towards a successful outcome.

In fact, it's all about making blind changes first, and then sifting out useful results at the end.

To use a computer program metaphor, all of these mutations in living things are written in the beginning of a lot of nonsense, and finally find one that can function normally and be preserved.

No one cares why this working statement works.

The vertebrate eye, this silly design of turning back and forth inside and out, has been running for hundreds of millions of years.

All subsequent corrections were made on the basis of this silly design.

There was also a situation where this function was useless, so I deleted it casually, but later found out that it was still useful, so I wrote another copy.

The process of deletion and the process of writing are also at a level that can be run.

The human eye can also see the red and green, the color is not accurate enough or occasionally there is a small problem, it does not affect the overall operation.

At the same time, there are a lot of parameters and definitions that I don't know if they are useful or not, and can change at any time.

So there will also be atavism, or absence.

These mutations have accumulated from generation to generation, and they are countless things that can be run, forcibly piled up into huge mountain ranges.

If you compare it with a computer program, the genes of complex animals are all in the Shishan code.

Humans are the biggest of them.

The human eye is the tallest peak on this mountain of.

So much so that the human brain continues to evolve, developing extraordinary image rendering and completion capabilities.

As a result, humans have become the most easily deceived by sight.

Mature gene editing technology can finally give humans a chance to solve these problems accumulated in genes.

That is, to reconstruct this mountain of that has accumulated for billions of years.

If the remodeling is truly completed, it will be a sublimation of the nature of life for the human species.

Solving these remaining problems will naturally enhance the vitality of human beings, and will also directly prolong the health time of human beings.

The physical fitness of human beings will definitely be directly enhanced, and at the same time, the life expectancy may directly reach two or three times that of the current one.

Just like the remodeling of a poorly designed machine, it will run more quickly and smoothly, and it will be able to run for a longer time.

The inefficient Shishan garbage code was reshaped as a whole, and the operation efficiency of the entire program directly increased many times.

This is the passive effect that should be produced by simply fixing a known issue.

Since it is possible to do overall gene editing, it can also actively enhance a certain characteristic and actively extend the lifespan of human beings.

The number of somatic cell divisions in higher animals is limited, and after a certain number of times, it will gradually age, and eventually the whole body will age to death.

The craftsmen of the Ming Dynasty can directly cancel the limit on the number of cell divisions through gene editing.

But they have long known through biological research that the more somatic cells in an animal divide, the greater the probability of cancer.

Most cancer cells are cells that break through the limit of the number of divisions, but they are fatal to animals.

Therefore, the somatic cells of higher animals have a limited number of divisions, which is beneficial to animals.

The first somatic cells of the simplest animals were originally not limited to the number of divisions.

The limit on the number of splits is also the result of certain beneficial mutations that have occurred in ancient geologic history.

But at the same time, if all the cells of an organism have a limit on the number of divisions, then the animal population will obviously not be able to survive for long.

For animal populations to survive, they need to reproduce.

Any form of animal reproduction is the result of cell division at the microscopic level.

All the cells in all living organisms today were split from the cells of the earliest terrestrial organisms billions of years ago.

These cells have been dividing continuously for billions of years.

It's just the accumulation of countless mutations that it takes on what people see now.

So now these high-level animals will also have some special cells on their bodies, and there is no limit to the number of divisions.

However, animals have additional means to control the probability of cancer.

Therefore, a more accurate statement of the limitation of the number of animal cell divisions should be as follows:

"The forms of cell division in higher animals are limited to appropriate ranges according to the needs of life continuity."

This kind of result, with multiple constraints, cannot be achieved directly with a single mutation.

It can only be the accumulation of multiple mutations.

Now the animals with these reasonable division restrictions have become the absolute mainstream of the whole world.

There are no restrictions on the animals on the most inconspicuous fringes.

Based on such theories and realities, even if humans have the ability to edit genes, they do not dare to directly and completely abolish the restriction of cell division.

Techniques can only be obtained using genetic analysis, and restrictions can be relaxed to a certain extent.

Keep the probability of carcinogenesis manageable while maximizing cell life while maintaining cell viability as much as possible.

This in turn increases the upper limit of the number of cell divisions and prolongs the interval between cell divisions.

Ensure that the process of splitting and growing is normal, harmonious and controllable.

Instead of cancer cells, there is uncontrollable and unrestricted growth of division.

Animal experiments on related technologies have also been done.

Adjusted animals can increase their life expectancy by a factor of three to ten.

When it comes to human beings, there is an opportunity to extend the life span of human beings to hundreds or even thousands of years.

Coupled with the overall gene editing, eliminating the problems left over from the evolutionary process, it should be able to basically guarantee the upper life span of the Chitose level.

Although it is far from the standard of eternal life, it can be said that it has been improved by leaps and bounds for human beings.

However, in order to achieve the most ideal state, the only way to do it is to directly gene-edit the fertilized egg.

It can only be achieved in the children of the future.

The existing people who have been born can only increase their lifespan by external means, including various special drugs and cell surgery.

Acquired and external conventional means should only be able to achieve the lower limit of pure gene editing.

It will be able to reach two or three hundred years old.

If you really do it at any cost, through comprehensive cell surgery, all the cells in the body will be repaired.

It may be possible to achieve a gene-editing-like effect.

But there are obviously some risks associated with this.

The first is whether this acquired repair itself can make all the modified cells still fit in harmony.

More importantly, the comprehensive repair or modification of the cells and even the body is a problem of fitting with the original consciousness of the body.

Humans have not yet fully figured out the logic of the operation of the consciousness field, and repairing brain cells may lead to the loss of the consciousness field.

It is possible to become vegetative or completely brain dead.