After the episode of apprenticeship, I don't know if the master is in the mood for his old man's wine or his mantle has a successor, so I have to come to a few suona blows.

The master said that because I was his first closed disciple, I was very happy today, none of my own children were willing to learn suona, and said that these things are old things, and today I played a song "Hundred Birds and Phoenix" to be happy that my mantle has been inherited, and I am not ashamed of my master, that is, my master. The second is to let me, who is apprenticing today, really feel the shock of suona art on the spot!

The master said that this suona has followed him since he was apprenticed, and he cherishes it on weekdays, and when he is fine, he will take it out and carefully wipe every inch of the suona, the whistle on the suona, the gas card, the invader, the rod, and the bowl I don't know how many times I have touched it, the master's suona pole is made of old mahogany, of course, the production materials are white wood and mahogany. At the top of the pole was a brass intruder, which was covered with a double-reed whistle made of gas plates and reeds; At the lower end of the pole is a brass bowl in the shape of a trumpet. The size varies according to the tone of the suona, and the higher the tone, the smaller the suona. On the contrary, the lower the tone, the bigger the suona.

In addition to Banda, Ban Er and Xiao Flute are made of white wood, the others are made of mahogany, of which the professional high-end products are made of old mahogany and old mahogany.

There are many types of suona, which can be roughly divided into five types based on the length of the rod: small suona, siren, medium suona, large suona and keyed suona.

The small suona rod is 22~30 cm long, and the most commonly used pole is 23 cm long, so it is also called "three squeaks". Generally in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, the timbre is soft and ethereal, and it is mostly used for solo or ensemble plays. In particular, the ensemble with the erhu and other musical instruments is more beautiful, and it is often accompanied by singing and dancing. For example, the suona popular in Hunan will also be used as an accompaniment to the rap music "suona", and the whistle used is different in different regions, some are reeds, some are straws, and some are made of brownish-purple colloidal insect shells. The whistle made of this insect shell is not as hard and difficult to blow as we think, on the contrary, it is very soft to blow.

In the suona of Huichang, Jiangxi, the invading is made of silver, and the diameter difference between the upper and lower mouths is also particularly different, and a hollow pipe will be installed in the tube from the lower end of the intruder to the upper end of the eighth hole, which also makes the suona of Huichang, Jiangxi form a unique style of timbre, and when played together with stringed instruments such as erhu, the sound emitted is tactful and undulating, more beautiful.

The difference between the siren and the small suona is that the pronunciation is more majestic and high-pitched, and it is generally prevalent in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui.

The pole length of the suona is 32~40 cm, and the most commonly used is the "black pole" with a pole length of 37 cm, which is popular in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui like the siren. But the timbre is between the big and small suona, and the timbre is relatively soft. It is generally used as an accompaniment to singing and dancing.

The rod length of the big suona is 42~57 cm, the most commonly used is the "big pole" with a rod length of 50 cm, the big pole is more common in the northeast, Shanhaiguan and eastern Hebei, the whistle is made of reeds, the reed is mostly pocket-shaped, the sound of blowing up is majestic and grand, and it is often used to play large-scale music.

Keyed suona is a kind of suona successfully developed in the 60s of the 20th century, the sound holes on the rod are listed according to the twelve equal laws, and the semitone is perfect, the transposition is convenient, and there are four kinds of treble, alto, tenor and bass; Compared with traditional suona, the keyed suona not only has rich timbre but also has a larger volume; The vocal range has also been expanded.

The high, middle and low tones of the suona are generally divided according to the cylinder sound of the suona, and there are generally eight holes on the suona rod, and the pitch of the third hole is used as the tuning name, which is divided into three types: treble, midrange and bass.

High-pitched suona: All cylinder tones above #f1 are high-pitched suona.

Alto suona: The tube sound between #f~f*1 is the alto suona.

Bass suona: The barrel sound below f can be called bass suona.

If the tube tone is a1 suona, it is called D key high-pitched suona, and if the tube sound is a suona of a, it is called D key alto suona.

Just like the suona solo piece of "A Hundred Birds and a Phoenix" played by the master, it is in the key of D and dure fingering. Through the imitation of various bird calls, mainly through the high-pitched voice, "Hundred Birds and Phoenix" expresses the vibrant natural scene with enthusiastic and cheerful melodies and the sound of a hundred birds singing, which is fascinating. The piece was originally played in folk customs, because of the mass nature and fluidity of the performance occasion, the performer improvised according to the objective needs and his own technical expertise, and the music can be long or short, and there are no strict regulations. But the cyclic progression of the sound of a hundred birds accompanied by a warm and cheerful melody and a fixed tune is its structural principle.

Just like Gansu Qingyang Xifeng suona is a folk wind and percussion music with suona as the main play, also known as drum music, after the continuous processing and inheritance of artists in the past dynasties, it has become a unique type of folk music in China with its numerous music cards, huge performance team, rich folk content and strong local characteristics. It is centered on Xifeng and distributed in the surrounding Qingcheng County, Huan County, Heshui County, Ning County, Zhengning County and some towns of Zhenyuan County. In Xifeng District alone, there are 31 suona classes with 286 employees. There are two types of performances: "large" and "small". Musicians can master more than two instruments, and they can be transferred at will if the personnel remain the same. Qingyang suona music card is rich, the charm is simple, self-contained, unique style, after the census of the traditional music recorded there are more than 1,200 songs, compiled into the "Qingyang area folk instrumental music integration" up to 496 songs, these music cards can be divided into three categories according to the origin of the traditional music card with a high degree of instrumentalization, folk song variations and local opera music cards, the representative repertoire has "Wearing Red Hanging Flowers" and so on.

The cultural value of suona in Qingyang is not only manifested in the uniqueness of the music, but also in the extension of its content. For example, "running newspapers" is one of the forms of expression with rich connotations, which greatly exerts the improvisational ability of artists through oral transmission, fully demonstrates the wisdom and wisdom of the working people, and plays an important role in inheriting and carrying forward traditional virtues and enhancing social cohesion. However, this unique genre is in a serious endangered state, and it is urgent to take corresponding rescue and protection measures.

The master saw that I was almost familiar with the popular science, and no matter whether I really understood it completely, I left a sentence "slowly you will understand", and the preparations were done, I picked up the suona and put it in my mouth to try the audition, and then began to play the "Hundred Birds and Phoenix", the master used the unique spitting sound in the suona blowing technique, portamento, flower tongue, finger flower, vibrato, as well as swallowing, spitting, padding, wiping, pressing, beating, etc., plus tongue punch sound, rebound sound, air punch sound, reverse double spit, air lip with vibrato, continuous play sound and finger breath with vibrato and other difficult skills.

I couldn't help but revel in the music, as if I was in nature at this moment, everywhere was the singing of birds and flowers, and my ears were constantly circling cuckoos, partridges, swallows, mountain chirping, blue magpies, thrushes, larks, magpies and other birds, which seemed to have the crowing of roosters, giving me a vivid artistic conception of the night gradually disappearing and the morning sun slowly rising. In this song, I also heard the yearning and pursuit of a free and beautiful life, and also felt the lively and rough breath of life, and what is even more impressive is that I have adhered to the "old antiques" for a lifetime, and finally has a new inheritor, which is the revival and development of culture!

After a song, I was still deeply immersed in it for a long time and couldn't let go, the master saw my reluctant appearance and said to me from the bottom of his heart, "This "Hundred Birds and Phoenix" first appeared in our Henan Opera sedan chair, and later it has been processed and adapted many times, from the very beginning of the music structure is loose, there is no climax. Looking at the present, even improvisation can still achieve the impassioned and passionate music of the music. This is indispensable to the efforts of many masters. ”

"I think you are a good seedling, change the yin to Qinyang to find me to learn art, people can not come, the wine must arrive" The master smiled and put away the guys' things, looking at the sky is not early, so on a cloudy day, I am responsible for sending the master back to Ruyang to see an old man, and by the way, learn about the "intangible cultural heritage" of Ruyang.