After I learned about the history of the "mud dog" with the master, I took advantage of my free time to observe the process of the craftsmen making the "mud dog" for a long time with the master, and every step of the production process made me respect, especially when the last step was depicted on the black "mud dog" with sorghum stalks dipped in paint, I had to admire the patience and profound craftsmanship of the craftsmen.

My mind gradually drifted to the color on the sorghum stalks, and I muttered, "This craft is awesome, no wonder it is loved by tourists."

"Hahaha, what the little brother said is good, but if you want to talk about this firing technology, it must be the black pottery of the Zhang Hui family."

"Black pottery? King of spades? ”

"Hahahaha"

"The lad is really joking"

"That's it, in our Huaiyang, who doesn't know who doesn't know this Chenzhou official kiln black pottery."

I blushed in embarrassment, knowing that I had made an uneducated joke, so I looked at the master in embarrassment and asked for help, and after the master received my distress message, he tactically cleared his throat: "This baby has never understood this piece of shame for the big guy here, but the work you took over in the past two days happened to be near the Zhang Hui family you said, and when the work is over, I will take him to have a long experience, so as not to embarrass me again." ”

After hearing this, the craftsman who made the "mud dog" on the side hurriedly played a round game: "It's normal for young people nowadays to not know this, don't take it to heart, the master doesn't take it to heart, the child has a sense of curiosity better than anything else." The big guy said yes, right?"

"Big brother is right!"

"What the master said makes sense"

I was very happy to see someone talking to me, and I quickly mingled with a few of my peers inside, and gave me a few "mud dogs" they made by themselves before leaving.

I carefully wrapped these gifts and put them in the bag I carried with me, and after greeting them, I followed the master to have a simple dinner, and when I returned to the place where I lived, I took out the "mud dog" given to me by my new friend and whistled it and brought it to my master to show off, and the master was really annoyed by my appearance

"Look at your unproductive look"

"Hey, hey, hey"

"Go on the side and play, don't bother me"

"Hey, hey, hey"

“..... Taken in a fool."

"Hey, hey, hey"

A good night's sleep.

Early the next morning, while still playing with my mud dog, I was woken up by a shout. After getting up and washing, I had breakfast, and then I took a ride with my master to the place where I was working.

Originally, the place where the master and I were temporarily resting was not far from the "east", so the distance was only ten minutes, and the master briefly explained a few words to me in the car and arrived at the village where the "east" was located, and just arrived at the village gate and saw that there were already people waiting.

After the waiting people saw us clearly, one of them hurriedly ran back to report to the owner, and the other gave us a general situation while showing us the way.

It is the 10th anniversary of the death of my grandfather, so I plan to invite some troupes and my master to perform in the evening to pay tribute to the deceased elders.

I asked the master to come over early in the morning, because I wanted the master to play a few songs first, and after lunch at noon, the troupe began to help set up the stage after coming, and then they each performed on stage.

As an apprentice who has just started with the master, I naturally can't and can't play tunes on the stage. So I can only help the master to fight and run errands. Most of the time is nothing more than moving a stool under the stage, sitting in the audience and listening to the master's music, and then listening to the traditional Henan opera.

Don't say it, these traditional cultures usually don't feel anything unusual when they are watched on the mobile phone, but after they feel it on the spot, they feel that it is really good! The contagiousness and shock power are really not ordinary, in the language of the Internet: this thing is strong in the ears!

This kind of performance usually lasts three nights in a row, so I've been in the front row for the past few days, and I'm so happy.

After I was done, my master took me back to where I lived, and told me to rest early and stop humming, in the words of the master: "Others sing opera pleasantly, but you sing badly." ”

I rolled my eyes deeply at the master's behavior that discouraged my interest in learning music, and if it hadn't been for the master's suggestion, if I hummed again and killed his ears, he would have thrown me out to sleep on the street. I definitely wouldn't be so obedient and shut up and go to bed early.

I couldn't fall asleep in bed after tossing and turning, so I asked the master in a low voice, "Did you sleep?" ”

“.......”

"Did you really sleep?"

“........”

"Master, are you really asleep?"

"The teacher is already asleep"

"Why are you still talking when you're asleep?"

"The teacher is talking in his dreams"

"Master, you tell me about black pottery, otherwise I won't be able to sleep"

"You can sleep when I tell you?"

"Right"

"Okay then, let's tell you a bedtime story for the teacher."

I heard that the master was going to tell me a bedtime story, and I turned over excitedly and waited for the master to speak.

"Black pottery is a kind of ceramics, and ceramics represent the brilliant achievements of Chinese Wenyin and the great contribution to the world Wenyin."

China's ceramics are rooted in Henan, developed in Henan, and flourished in Henan.

It is understood that Huaiyang black pottery originated from the Longshan culture of Pingliangtai, flourished in the ancient country of Chenzhou in the Western Zhou Dynasty, its production process is complex, the specifications are diverse, there are many types, it takes several days to be fired, the pottery tire section inside and outside is like the black ink in general, the plain surface is polished, there are string lines, scratches, hollows and other decorative methods, and the whole has the characteristics of "black, thin, light, and new".

Zhang Hui, the provincial inheritor of Huaiyang black pottery firing skills, once brought some of his works to the exhibition area of the 7th National Intangible Cultural Heritage Expo "Walking in Henan and Understanding China", showing the long and vast history of Chinese Wenyin with black pottery.

Black pottery culture is a typical representative of the Neolithic Age in China, and black pottery firing technology is one of the national intangible cultural heritage protection projects. The Chenzhou official kiln in Huaiyang originated from the ancient Chenguo official kiln, which began in the Longshan culture and prevailed in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

There is a record in "Zuo Chuan: Twenty-five Years of Xianggong": "Xiyu's father was Zhou Taozheng, in order to serve my first king." "Emperor Shun's 32nd generation Sun Yu's father was Tao Zheng of King Wen of Zhou (in charge of making pottery), an expert in pottery, and made great contributions to the Zhou Dynasty.

In 1046 B.C., after King Wu of Zhou destroyed Shang, he was crowned by Hu Gongman, the son of Yu's father. Chen Hu Gongfei inherited his father's advanced pottery technology, founded an official kiln, and made black pottery, which became a luxury item in the upper class of the Zhou Dynasty and a symbol of power, value and status.

The site of the ancient city of Longshan culture in Huaiyang Pingliangtai, a national key cultural relics protection unit, found the old site of the pottery kiln, and unearthed precious black pottery cultural relics, which were called the treasures of the original culture of Chinese Wenyin by historians, and had caused a sensation at home and abroad.

Huaiyang, one of the important birthplaces and birthplaces of Chinese culture, is a place of cultural "abuse". Taihao Fuxi's "dragon discipline" started the "dragon culture" here. The richness of the remains of "Shizhuang Ruins" and "Pingliangtai" and the long history of ancient human culture have amazed the academic community.

So how does this sensational cultural treasure at home and abroad spread its charm to people who love this culture?

As the inheritor of the culture of black pottery firing skills, he naturally acted as the "messenger" of transmission.

After receiving the task, Zhang Hui, the provincial representative inheritor of Huaiyang black pottery firing skills, carefully prepared and creatively designed, and specially made a "amphora dragon bottle".

Henan Provincial Representative Inheritor of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Drama, Black Pottery Artist Zhang Hui introduced, the dragon is the totem of the Taihao Fuxi tribe, the ancestor of Chinese humanities, is the cornerstone of the wisdom of the Chinese nation, the root of the Chinese spirit, it is a symbol of masculinity, the work is dynamic and quiet, majestic and majestic, with a handsome and elegant artistic temperament, in order to celebrate the establishment of the Hong Kong Henan Friendship Association, especially in the bottleneck carved eight gold characters "because of friendship and meeting, Henan and Hong Kong love". It is hoped that the Hong Kong Henan Friendship Association will be established as soon as possible to contribute to the promotion of exchanges between Henan and Hong Kong.

But China is so vast and rich, and the black pottery culture is not only the Longshan culture in Huaiyang.

The black pottery culture discovered successively is found in the Daxi culture, Qujialing culture and Longshan cultural sites, among which the Dawenkou culture is the earliest, about 6000 years ago.

The ancient Chinese pottery technique has the reputation of being as black as lacquer, as sound as out, as thin as paper, as bright as a mirror, and as hard as porcelain. Because of the main feature of black pottery, it is also called "black pottery culture". Black pottery can be divided into three types according to the texture: clay black pottery, sand black pottery, and fine clay black pottery.

Among them, the production level of fine clay thin-walled black pottery is the highest, and it has the reputation of "black as lacquer and thin as paper". The clay of this kind of black pottery has been washed, wheeled, the thickness of the tire wall is only 0.5-1 mm, and then polished, fired into pitch black and bright, known as "eggshell pottery", showing amazing skills, and is well-known at home and abroad.

The production process of Chinese black pottery is more sophisticated, delicate, delicate and unique than the original painted pottery, as early as about 2,000 years before the production of porcelain, Chinese black pottery has reached a level of craftsmanship comparable to porcelain.

The soil selected for black pottery comes from the alluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which is the large particles of sediment carried by the Yellow River in the process of flowing through it and sinks to the bottom of the river, and flows to its downstream after continuous erosion, so its deep soil is particularly delicate, sand-free, and viscous, and rich in a variety of mineral elements, which can produce a pure black uniform texture in the firing, which is suitable for the production of black pottery.

After the soil is taken out, it is dried, and then filtered with gauze to make a mud blank, and after hand-drawing the blank modeling, it is repeatedly calendered with shells until the surface density of the clay blank increases, and it is as smooth as a mirror. Then with special carving tools using line carving, shallow carving, deep carving, hollowing and other techniques, hand-carved out a gorgeous and mysterious pattern. Then install ears, rings, noses, legs and other accessories for the black pottery works.

The pure black color on the surface of the black pottery is fired by the ancient process of a unique unglazed and colorless carbonization kiln. After leaving the kiln, it is natural, no longer do any treatment, and its appearance is as black as lacquer and bright as a mirror.

In the last stage of firing, a large amount of firewood and grass is added to close the kiln door and chimney to produce a large amount of carbon. Deliberately let the smoke blacken, and the formation of black pottery. It is another peak of China's Neolithic pottery industry after faience.

Black pottery is an excellent pottery species after Yangshao cultural painted pottery, known as "the art of earth and fire, the crystallization of power and beauty", the world is amazed by this from the ancient Wenyin! Black pottery culture is the culture of the Yellow River Basin, with its profound historical heritage and rich humanistic connotation, constituting the source of Chinese culture.

Subsequently, similar discoveries were made in Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and other places. After 61 years of unremitting efforts by several generations of scholars, the production process of black pottery was completely deciphered in 1989, and on the basis of traditional black pottery art, it continued to innovate and continue to carry forward, so that the ancient art of black pottery has gained a brilliant new life.

Black pottery is a black pottery formed by adding water from the top of the kiln to extinguish the charcoal and produce thick smoke in the last stage of firing. It is another peak of pottery making technology in the Neolithic Age of China (about 10000~5000 years ago) after the painted pottery, which can be called another glorious creation comparable to the painted pottery in the ancient Chinese pottery process.

For example, the "black pottery eggshell high-handled cup" unearthed in Shandong

The black pottery eggshell high-handled cup is 26.5 cm high. The body of the cup can be divided into three parts, the upper part is an open mouth, the middle part is an open-cut hollow handle belly, and the lower part is a raspberry-shaped base, which is connected by a slender tube to form a unified whole, and the shape is delicate and delicate. The pottery cup is made by wheels, the thickness of the cup wall is uniform, as thin as an eggshell, the thinnest part is only 0.2~0.3 mm, but the texture is extremely delicate and hard. The surface of the carcass is polished for a long time and shines. The handle of the cup is decorated with perforations and slender carvings, and the overall shape is extremely elegant and noble. This cup is now in the Shandong Provincial Museum.

In the 80s of the 20th century, the pottery body sagger of firing eggshell pottery cups was found in the Longshan cultural site in Zhucheng, and the experts of the Shandong Provincial Museum used this sagger to repeatedly try to produce, and it was successful, and the mystery of the production of eggshell pottery cups was revealed.

It turned out that it was precisely because of Shun's creation and love for black pottery that he especially liked black, so that his preference also affected Yu and the society at that time.

According to ancient legends, the Yu clan and the Xia Hou clan are still black, Mozi walks the summer road, and the clothes are made of black cloth. Han Feizi said that Shun and Yu were both painted on the outside of the wooden eating utensils and sacrificial vessels, which should also mean that they were still black.

Shun, who was born in Zhucheng, has undoubtedly made significant contributions to the development of black pottery and has had a far-reaching impact, so it should be well-deserved to call black pottery Shun pottery.

As the "China Culture Daily" on October 16, 1994 published an article "Longshan Culture and Shun "Tao Riverside"": "The exquisite black pottery products and eggshell pottery are the great creations of a generation of potters represented by Shun, and the eggshell pottery that flashes the dawn of Wenyin can be called 'Shun pottery'."

So people believe that Emperor Shun is the founder of black pottery.

Qi County was called Chaoge in ancient times, with a long history, splendid culture, and black pottery relics scattered all over the place.

Chaoge Pottery Co., Ltd. for the inheritance and promotion of national culture, so that the black pottery culture more than 4,000 years ago is glorious again, more than ten years after tempering, not afraid of difficulties, visiting all parts of the country, throughout the unearthed cultural relics and related documents, absorbing the essence of ancient culture, comprehensive domestic pottery advantages, after careful excavation and sorting, inheritance and development, development and innovation, and strive to create a modern pottery masterpiece - Yunmengshan black pottery.

"Yunmengshan Black Pottery" is as black as lacquer, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, sound like chime, delicate in texture, exquisite in production, dignified and generous.

"Yunmengshan Black Pottery" is made of the mud deposited about 1.2 million years ago in the Yellow River as the main raw material, and is fired by ancient methods such as experience, compression, vacuuming, manual blanking, wet carving, blank printing, grinding, brightening, and high-temperature carbonization. It integrates pottery, sculpture, relief, hollowing, lacquer art and other techniques, forming more than a dozen series and more than 500 pure handmade varieties.

We go back to the late Neolithic period, through more than 4,000 years, inheriting the essence of national culture, "Yunmengshan Black Pottery" not only has the simple and natural beauty of ancient pottery, but also creates an exaggerated and romantic style of modern pottery; There are not only novel and unique beautiful shapes, but also the magical carvings of yin and yang, and countless changes.

Appreciating "Yunmeng Mountain Black Pottery" is to appreciate history, culture, nature, and life. She brings people not only enjoyment and pleasure, but also deep perception and thinking.

In addition to the Yunmengshan black pottery of Chaoge, the production area of black pottery also includes Suileng black pottery, Boli black pottery, Rizhao black pottery, Suichang black pottery, pavilion pottery black pottery, Longshan black pottery, Dezhou black pottery, Qihe black pottery, Qinyuan black pottery and modern black pottery.

"Rizhao Black Pottery", known as the "soul of Chinese art", is a symbol of ancient Chinese culture.

Rizhao has a long history, and there are more than 800 important Longshan cultural sites found in Rizhao, and the cultural relics unearthed are mainly pottery.

Rizhao's black pottery production has a history of more than 4,000 years, exquisite craftsmanship, and pottery culture has a long history. Donghaiyu and other places unearthed Longshan cultural utensils "high-handled hollow eggshell pottery cup", is a precious cultural relic, unglazed and black shiny, thin tire and hard texture, its wall thickness is only 1 mm, the thinnest point is only 0.2 mm, the weight is only 22 grams, the essence of its production process, can be called a unique in the world, is designated as a national treasure and collection by the country.

The two towns of Donggang District, Rizhao City, are typical Longshan cultural sites.

Regarding the characteristics of the black pottery culture of the Liangcheng type, Mr. Liang Siyong, a famous archaeologist, once said: The most dominant color of this kind of pottery is black, so it has the title of "black pottery culture".

The pottery of the two cities is dominated by black pottery, among which the pottery is delicate, the surface is polished and the black and bright is particularly prominent. There are also gray pottery, brown pottery, red pottery, white pottery, and yellow pottery.

The exterior decoration of the pottery of the Liangcheng type is characterized by its simplicity and smoothness, so most of them are plain, and some of them are polished, and even those who have ornaments are generally very skilled.

And the pottery making method is advanced, the fast wheel is widely used, and the general pottery tire is thin and light.

The thickness of the common eggshell pottery high-handled cup is mostly between 0.5-1 mm, especially in the handicap part of a small number of vessel types, which is only about 0.3 mm, which shows that it is not an exaggeration to compare the thinness of the tire with the eggshell. Summarizing the above main characteristics, it has formed a unique cultural appearance of the two cities of Longshan culture, and has become a wonderful flower in history and culture.

The descendants of the dragon who grew up in Rizhao, in order to inherit and develop this ancient black pottery production process and carry forward the splendid national culture, the black pottery production process has been passed down from generation to generation, and has never been interrupted since ancient times.

From pots and pots for daily necessities to handicrafts such as decorations, the annual production reaches 600,000 to 700,000 pieces. Especially since the 70s of the 20th century, the Rizhao culture and cultural relics department has begun to systematically excavate, research and develop the use of Longshan cultural black pottery skills, and established the "Rizhao Longshan Cultural Black Pottery Craft Research Institute", which is the culmination of non-governmental and scientific research institutions.

By the late 80's and early 90's, the research of Rizhao black pottery technology has gradually reached its peak, which not only makes the black pottery art treasures of Longshan culture reappear brilliant, but also researches ancient innovations.

In the production, firing and waiting for the development and innovation of the predecessors, the production of wheel system and, molding, printing bad, grouting, hand molding and other methods.

Pay attention to the beauty, simplicity and elegance in the modeling, the form is diverse, each has its own characteristics, the pottery surface has relief, baking color, and carved with ancient calligraphy and painting.

Integrate ancient pottery technology with modern art and craft; In the firing, the method of smoke carburizing in the high-temperature sealed kiln is generally adopted, and according to different requirements, the degree of wool light, black light and lacquer light can be mastered respectively.

Now it has formed three series of imitation, replication and innovation, and more than 300 varieties in six categories, such as antique, transplantation, copying, technology, ornamental and practical, and has successively developed seven factories such as Rizhao Black Pottery Craft Research Institute Experimental Factory, Rizhao Development Zone Black Pottery Factory, and Longshan Art Institute Black Pottery Factory, and has now formed a large-scale production capacity.

"Boli Black Pottery" is produced and processed by modern techniques such as filtration, drawing, carving, calendering, firing and traditional ceramic techniques of Northeast clayey soil.

Its varieties have bottles, sticks, bowls, tripods, tubes, furnaces, cans, stationery, etc., beautiful shape, antique auspicious fragrance, pitch black and bright, is a family decoration and art collection treasures, has high artistic value.

"Suileng Lingtou Black Pottery" is known as the "Black Soil National Treasure" and is the crystallization of ancient culture.

As the birthplace of modern black pottery in China, Suileng has a history of nearly 100 years of production and manufacturing, and has been named "the hometown of Chinese clay pottery handicrafts" by the state, recognized by the Ministry of Culture as "the first kiln of modern black pottery in China", and named as an intangible cultural heritage by the Provincial Department of Culture.

"Suichang black pottery" is the precious heritage of the famous Liangzhu culture in the late Neolithic period of China, it uses the clay where the "Haochuan" culture is located as raw materials, uses more than 20 handicrafts, and adopts the unique carbonization kiln transformation technology to refine it, forming a delicate, exquisite, unglazed and colorless characteristics. Coupled with the unique calendering process and carving art techniques, Suichang black pottery is as bright as a mirror, highlighting the noble, elegant, simple and mysterious atmosphere.

In the past, Suichang black pottery was at its peak, and the ancient traditional culture glowed with new light, exuding infinite charm, and sales rose rapidly. It becomes a first-class product for incense offerings and gifts.

Black pottery is black pottery made by the charcoal infiltration process during the firing process.

It was first discovered in the "Longshan culture" and is one of the most important characteristics of the Longshan culture. The time of Longshan culture is about 2310 BC - about 1810 BC, and it is divided into three categories: Henan Longshan culture, Shaanxi Longshan culture and Shandong Longshan culture, collectively known as Longshan era.

The pottery of the "Yongsan period" has gray, red, and black pottery, the most famous of which is black pottery. In the spring of 1928, a cliff slope collapsed in Chengzi Cliff, Longshan Town, Jinan, which made a cultural relics with polished black pottery as the main feature of more than 4,000 years ago, and also conclusively confirmed the existence of Longshan culture, that is, black pottery culture.

The shape of black pottery is varied, mainly complex modeling, there are fewer simple ones, but they are all dignified and graceful, the texture is delicate and moist, the luster is calm and elegant, and it has a soft and quiet beauty like a pearl, and the appreciation value is extremely high. Common types of utensils include bowls, basins, jars, urns, beans, single-ear cups and tripods.

The production of black pottery generally adopts a fast wheel, and its shape is symmetrical, regular, fine, extremely high in fire, and hard in texture. Because its application range is mostly ceremonial utensils, it is rarely used in daily utensils, so the production is small, but it is therefore precious. As a carrier of primitive ceremonies and a delicate work of art, Yongsan black pottery will always have the mysterious and alluring charm of black pearls.

"Pavilion pottery black pottery" culture is broad and profound, it strikes Yangshao, under the Qi Yin Shang, left to pull the colored pottery, the right to carry bronze, is the representative of the Longshan culture in the later period of primitive society, is the masterpiece of diligence and wisdom of the ancestors of the pavilion pottery. Even the roughest pottery reminds us of the earth that carries human life, the fire that illuminates the human spirit, and the water that nourishes human life. It not only contains a profound agricultural culture, but also shimmers with the light of simple poetry.

According to legend, in ancient times, there was a big mountain called Tao Mountain in Guantao County, Taoshan area is famous for its abundance of black pottery, it is said that the name of Guantao originates from Taoshan black pottery, the ancients called "Tao Mountain, the mountain is like Tao, Tao is like a mountain" is the Yin evidence. There are 72 imperial kilns along the terry ring and Liu circle on both sides of the Taowei River in the pavilion, which mainly burn imperial city bricks and black pottery. According to the research of relevant experts, the bricks used in the Forbidden City in Beijing were produced here, which can be confirmed from the remnants of the kiln site and the ancient pottery products excavated.

The production process of "Texas Black Pottery" has always been a mystery. Black pottery was popular in the patriarchal stage of primitive society 4,000 years ago, and the ancestors created a new culture after Yangshao and Dawenkou with their vivid and simple, black pottery utensils with different forms. Historiography is also known as "black pottery culture".

According to research, the Longshan culture flourished from about 2800 BC to 2300 BC. It is a pity that this exquisite and charming ancient technique basically disappeared by the Han Dynasty (between 200 BC and 200 AD). In the 80s of the 20th century, on the bank of the ancient canal in the northwestern plain of Shandong, the young workers of the Dezhou Craft and Pottery Research Institute excavated and sorted out these ancient crafts and reproduced the style of Longshan culture. This is today's Texas black pottery.

"Dezhou Black Pottery" uses the unique red clay on both sides of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal as raw materials, which is pure and delicate in texture and has high soil density.

It is not glazed after being molded by traditional manual wheels, calendered and carved in the process of drying the body, sealed after high-temperature sintering, and carburized with coke smoke. Knocking on it is like a sweet, giving people a feeling of "black gold and jade".

"Jinshan Lishui, jade out of Kungang", "like the quality of iron like the run of jade", ...... the words of the literati and ink writers, can make people want to see the artistic charm of black pottery.

"Texas Black Pottery" is unique in shape.

It is hand-wheeled, which not only retains the traditional single-layer drawn blank, but also creates a double-layer synthetic blank.

Or copy, or derive, or innovation, all kinds of imitation merchant silk Jane, imitation bronze pottery tripod, hollow vase, relief bottle, pen wash, pen holder, gourd, incense burner, chimney, hanging plate, etc., simple and hearty, simple and elegant. The body carving adopts a variety of expressions such as red carving, shallow carving, and openwork carving. The ornamentation is mostly based on natural scenes, such as pine, bamboo, plum, chrysanthemum, peony, bird, butterfly, fish, and insects, and draws on the characteristics of art forms such as paper-cutting, wood carving, and embroidery.

Except for a few pieces of court styles with dragons and phoenixes, most of them show strong national and folk characteristics. For example, the double-layered set of big-bellied incense burners has very delicate hollow reliefs.

The abdomen is engraved with the dragon and phoenix auspicious basal carving pattern of the "dragon and phoenix bottle", the whole bottle body is a cloud-shaped hollow pattern, there are three-dimensional dragons on both sides, just the ears of the bottle, the idea is amazing. Among them, eggshell pottery, "Encyclopedia Britannica" commented: This kind of wheeled pottery is as thin as an eggshell, only 0.3 mm thick, black and shiny, and is the most characteristic treasure of Longshan culture.

Over the past few years, the researchers of the Dezhou Institute of Arts and Crafts Pottery have seriously explored and carried out a series of research and development on black pottery, which has reached more than 600 varieties and is favored by people at home and abroad.

In the late spring of 1989, Texas Black Pottery won the Silver Medal at the 80th International Technology Fair in Paris. In October 1989, in commemoration of the 2540th anniversary of the birth of Confucius, an ancient thinker, politician and educator in China, the printmaker Shi Ke, the arts and crafts artist Tao Tianen and the Dezhou Institute of Arts and Crafts Pottery jointly developed the black pottery mural --- "Confucius World Traces", a total length of 50 meters, 1.7 meters high, a total area of 85 square meters, systematically introduced the main life deeds of Confucius, inlaid in the Confucian courtyard.

Its unique artistic effect has added another wonderful flower to the Chinese Mural Art Garden.

Qi River and Longshan Town are separated by a river, and they both belong to the category of "Longshan Culture". There are also a large number of black pottery unearthed, and among the 22 ancient ruins found in the territory so far, there are 4 Longshan cultural sites such as Yintun ruins.

The raw materials of "Qihe Black Pottery" are selected from the pure and delicate glue soil of the alluvial plain in the lower reaches of the Yellow River as raw materials, and are fired by the unique method of "sealing kiln fumigation and carburizing" after dozens of processes such as manual washing and blank drawing.

"Qihe Black Pottery" carries forward the characteristics of the original black pottery, black, book and light, and pays more attention to the modern shape and rhythmic ornamental carving. It has created both ancient charm and modern style, rich in oriental charm. In March 2016, "Qihe Black Pottery Production Skills" was listed as a provincial intangible cultural heritage of Shandong Province.

In the long river of China's 5,000 years of human history and culture, the black pottery representing the "Longshan culture", as a plastic art, is independent of the world culture, and shows the direct results of our ancestors' conscious transformation of living conditions and living environment with its inherent style and magical charm. In the history of world arts and crafts radiating brilliant brilliance.

China's black pottery art, rich and colorful, exquisite and unique, but in the long feudal era and old China, arts and crafts have not been given due attention for a long time, and people at that time did not realize that this traditional ancient art has a potential great shock. Black pottery was mostly used by slave owners and aristocrats, who used it to decorate palaces, decorate halls, and become a symbol of boasting of wealth, status and rank, but it was rarely appreciated among the people.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the art of black pottery has been valued, attracting the attention of all walks of life, over the years, the production of black pottery in our folk has been inherited imitation, its production place is mostly the original family workshop, small scale, old equipment, low output and difficult to form a series, with the development of the situation of reform and opening up, black pottery production rises again.

In order to save the traditional cultural heritage on the verge of extinction and be inherited and carried forward, in order to make the Chinese black pottery craft in the inheritance of innovation and development, so as to enrich the needs of modern cultural life with exquisite artworks, in 1995, in the land of Sanqin Weishui proudly sprouted a new star in the black pottery industry - Qinyuan black pottery.

Under the control and salvation of a Jingyin real estate concept, and seeking innovation and development in inheritance, Mr. Liu Qingyuan, the director of the factory, has visited various places several times, read the original unearthed cultural relics and various documents, and has gained a lot of valuable experience. Over the past few years, after ups and downs and unremitting efforts, today's "Qinyuan black pottery" is known as the leader in black pottery with the essence of firing, the beauty of modeling, the beauty of patterns, the variety and the scale of large.

"Qinyuan black pottery", made of pure, delicate red clay, after water and wind power of the brush and discard, so as to become a kind of purified "bleached soil", in which the iron content and alkali metal oxides are higher, so that it reaches the degree of thin and strong in the production and molding.

It needs to be homogenized, precipitation, tire, embryo forming, calendering, calligraphy and painting, carving and a series of fine manual operations, and finally decorated, sealed kiln, fired into the Qinyuan black pottery its fetal quality is extremely delicate, giving people a sense of smooth and warm, the wall is quite thin, with the ability to blow through.

The surface is particularly bright, like a mirror in general, the texture is very hard, it is seen as raw steel, not only that, its color is divided into jet black, silver gray, orange and yellow, its hue is deep and shallow, thick and light, according to the requirements of various characteristics of different utensils and increase or decrease its different chromaticity, forming its own color and moderate color.

"Qinyuan black pottery", in the pattern design of the utensils, it continues and develops the geometric pattern in the art of Yangshao cultural painted pottery, the difference is that it directly uses concave and convex single line and double line wheel pattern, without painting, its effect makes the pattern tend to be simple and unpretentious, so that the overall shape and the pattern are combined to form a perfect harmony.

"Qinyuan Black Pottery" not only pays attention to the use of traditional techniques in the expression method, but also boldly combines modern craftsmanship and techniques, not only pursuing the external beauty of the object, but also paying attention to the beauty of the picture modeling.

Qinyuan black pottery - a collection of fine products, dazzling, the continuous innovation of pottery, breathtaking, it brings us into the ancient dreamlike memories and reverie, so that we seem to clearly see the ancestors in the ancient era of the picture of labor and life.

After years of exploration and tempering, Qinyuan black pottery has been nearly perfect, people seem to be able to enter the history of the seven dynasties of Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui and Tang from the ancient Neolithic Age, and can produce a sense of movement from the quiet sense of pottery, return to the ancient times from reality, not only can appreciate the style and momentum of Shang and Zhou bronzes, but also there is no lack of style and charm of the Yue kiln celadon of the five dynasties of the Sui and Tang dynasties, all of which seem to constitute a silent symphony with a very strong sense of the times.

"Qinyuan black pottery", in order to maintain the "black as lacquer, yin as mirror, hard as porcelain, sound like Xin" on the basis of the traditional black pottery art, on the basis of innovation, in the overall to not lose the ancestor of the people's ritual type, and strive to be diverse, in the shape and pattern closer to the modern people's viewing psychology, in the artistic rhythm to maintain a unique dignified atmosphere, in the quality of the flawless and flawless. Glad to see the exquisite appearance, taste the rich connotation, Qinyuan black pottery - ingenious.

"Modern black pottery" has gradually developed into a kind of collectibles, high-end artworks, and high-end gifts.

Black pottery is widely used as a high-end business gift in major enterprises, administrative units, educational institutions and all walks of life, especially in the service industry, customer relationship-oriented industries, etc.

Domestic black pottery processing enterprises have designed a suitable for modern aesthetic standards of black pottery business gifts, the black pottery manufacturers are employed to hire domestic first-class black pottery arts and crafts, black pottery industry masters for design, firing.

Special emphasis is placed on Qingdao Wuyan Pavilion Pottery Company, which integrates the essence of Longshan culture, is not limited to geographical barriers, takes black pottery culture as the core, integrates the essence of the domestic black pottery industry, and produces modern black pottery masterpieces, which are really good collections and high-end gifts for friends and customers. Similar to black pottery enterprises, there are Siyue pottery, Rizhao Zhaoqi, Chiping pottery yuan, etc. Liaocheng Huangyuan black pottery was established in 1996, after more than 10 years of accumulation and precipitation has developed and grown, the works are finely made, very ornamental and collectible.

In addition, black pottery may be due to its cumbersome and complicated process, or the spread area is too small, resulting in the temporary loss of this technology.

But fortunately, the discovery of black pottery culture marks the unprecedented development of Chinese pottery technology, and also shows the historical process of pottery from practicality to aesthetic requirements to future generations.

Historically, the black pottery that is more advanced than the faience firing technology appeared after the faience pottery, and the complex and advanced black pottery production process makes the world marvel at the ancient Wenyin.

At that time, the ancestors of the museum pottery have mastered the advanced sealing kiln technology, so that the smoke in the kiln through the scientific carburizing principle, the carbon particles in the smoke penetrate into the body and appear black, the black pottery production process allows the world to experience the process of "edification" of the finished product and the nature.

The gift of the Yellow River and the deposition of a large number of high-quality clay laid the foundation for the prosperity of the museum pottery industry.

After unremitting research and excavation, the production process of black pottery has finally been interpreted and deciphered. The black pottery of the museum has the sound of jade, the beauty of rich ink jade, the light of bronze, the workmanship is delicate and exquisite, the shape is rich and unified, simple and elegant, strange and luxurious, the height is three meters huge, rich and luxurious; Micro matchboxes can be accommodated, exquisite and elegant, quite suitable for indoor decoration, more appreciation, collection value, deeply loved by people from all walks of life.

The black pottery production process has been passed down from generation to generation in our country, and there has never been a long break since ancient times. From pots and pots of daily necessities to decorative and other handicrafts, great development has been made, and the black pottery skills have gradually improved.

Known as "the art of earth and fire, the crystallization of power and beauty" of the reproduction of the black pottery, marking the Chinese pottery process to reach the peak of history, but also to show the future generations the historical process of pottery from practicality to aesthetic requirements, the black pottery culture across time and space docking, continued a dream of the pottery people.