Chapter 125 The development of the bank, the debtor is the uncle
did not immediately summon Bi Ziyan to meet him, it was not that Zhu Youxiao was busy celebrating the festival and being happy, but he was busy with work. At the same time, Bi Ziyan entered Beijing sooner than he expected, so he simply let him rest for two more days.
Adjusting and stabilizing the defense and security of the capital, as well as the security of the imperial palace, Zhu Youxiao not only recalled Lu Xiangsheng vigorously, but also enriched some generals of Wuxue and Jingying to the Five Cities Soldiers and Horses.
In addition to Liaozhen, Dongjiang, Dengzhen, and Jinzhen, the northern border towns and southwestern towns were not left behind.
Coupled with the redistributed martial arts students, the entire army of the Ming Dynasty is gradually changing its outfits, and its combat power is improving, but the magnitude is different.
Moreover, it was not Bi Ziyan who went to Beijing to report on his work, but also Dong Yingju, the Taifu Siqing, who was in charge of the affairs of Tuntian from Tianjin to Shanhaiguan, Zhang Tao and others from the Tangshan Coal and Steel Complex.
Dong Yingju was promoted to the right capital of the imperial history because of his meritorious service in Tuntian, and he was still in charge of Tuntian affairs, and he was added to the title of head of the household department and the head of Lu Yanzheng.
This appointment did not attract much attention, but it was not known that this was the first step of the emperor to reform the salt administration.
Dong Yingju, who received the emperor's order, will select several new students as helpers and start to rectify the Changlu Salt Farm, one of the three major salt farms in the country.
Zhang Tao of the Tangshan Coal and Steel Joint Plant reported the good news to the emperor, which made the emperor happy.
According to the general pattern drawn by Zhu Youxiao and the general process written, Zhang Tao led people to conduct experiments and finally separated coal tar through condensation while producing coke.
Although it is very rough and preliminary, this is the beginning of the coal chemical industry. Limited to the current scientific and technological capabilities, coupled with the difficulty of fine fractionation, it is also in line with Zhu Youxiao's standards.
That's right, this coal tar is quite viscous and quite complex in composition. But whether it is diesel, kerosene, gasoline, or any hydrocarbon, that alkane, it is enough to burn.
Zhu Youxiao thinks that with the addition of a high degree of wine mixing, the effect of diluting this game is not much worse than that of oil.
The explosive incendiary bomb performed well in the Battle of Ningyuan, and the flames that burst out could not only burn the siege equipment, but also had a pretty good burning effect on people.
And breaking through the bottleneck of raw materials, not only explosive incendiary bombs, but even flamethrowers have become the weapons that Zhu Youxiao wants to create to kill the enemy.
Moreover, coke, which is used as an ironmaking and steelmaking, must be produced, and coal tar is just an extra waste utilization, which is very cost-effective.
Zhang Tao was full of praise from the emperor, as well as promotions and rewards, and happily left the palace.
After practical success, he has an idea for improving coke production, which he will put into practice when he returns.
As a technical official in the officialdom, Zhang Tao has gone through a lot of hardships, how has he ever received so much attention from the emperor, and the promotion and rewards make him even more motivated.
If you want a horse to run fast, you need to feed more grass.
Zhu Youxiao has never been stingy with official ranks and rewards for officials who are truly practical, and he has this concept in mind.
The emperor seems to be in a very good mood, it is Bi Ziyan's turn to meet him, and Zhu Youxiao's joy has not passed!
Giving tea on the seat, Bi Ziyan was a little flattered.
Speaking of which, he was summoned to Beijing in the first year of Taichang from the position of the right political envoy on Yulin West Road, first as the Taifu Siqing, and then as the imperial history of the right capital and the governor of Tianjin, and Zhu Youxiao, who had just ascended the throne at that time, only once.
At that time, Zhu Youxiao was still Zhu Youxiao, and after more than two years, Bi Ziyan found that the emperor had changed a lot. The appearance and body are secondary, the key is the emperor's temperament, which is quite mature, or sophisticated.
It's not that the expressionless face and the lack of smiling make him look old-fashioned and serious, but the information revealed between the words made Bi Ziyan come to a conclusion.
Don't look at the emperor's warm smile, it seems to be very casual. But when you listen to his statutes, even Bi Ziyan, who claims to be an economic talent, is shocked and admired.
“…… Imperial Bank is only a pilot project, and various businesses are carried out and data is accumulated, which should be studied and analyzed to provide a reference basis for more bank openings. ”
"As a central bank, the future work of the Imperial Bank will be mainly to issue currency, implement financial supervision, intervene and regulate the country's economic development, and formulate and implement the country's monetary and credit policies......"
What financial regulation, what intervention and regulation, what monetary and credit policy, a little incomprehensible!
Bi Ziyan thought that he had a detailed understanding and understanding of the operation of the Imperial Bank in the secret recital, but when he heard the emperor's narration, he couldn't help but swallow dryly.
Fifty-four-year-old Bi Ziyan, a rare economic talent in this era, is also quite confident in his financial management ability, but he was a little enlightened by the young emperor.
Accidental? Surprise? Zhu Youxiao didn't have this kind of thought, and he didn't deliberately show it, and what he said was something that many people would understand in later generations.
The key point is that there is a big difference between Zhu Youxiao's thinking and Bi Ziyan's, and this can be clearly seen in the various tasks in which Bi Ziyan was the secretary of the household department and was in charge of the country's finances.
Careful coordination and careful calculation, just these two main measures, we know that Bi Ziyan has made great efforts to reduce expenditure. The 24 proposals for saving expenditures presented by Chongzhen are even more illustrative.
Zhu Youxiao, on the other hand, still regards open source as the focus of financial work, and of course it is essential to save expenditure, but it is emphasized. More often than not, they have sent people to supervise and verify various expenditures as a means of fighting corruption, eliminating corruption, and rectifying the rule of officials.
For example, the operation of the Imperial Bank, what Bi Ziyan thought of was just a small goal of Zhu Youxiao. The ultimate goal he wants to achieve is to turn paper into money and release the monster of finance and capital.
Finally, when the emperor had a dry mouth and picked up the teacup to drink water, Bi Ziyan bowed and said: "Long live, Weichen feels that he is difficult to be qualified for the post of president of the Imperial Bank." ”
Well? Zhu Youxiao was stunned for a moment, put down the teacup, and looked at Bi Ziyan.
Bi Ziyan's face was ashamed, and he said stubbornly: "Wechen didn't expect the Imperial Bank to be so important and the operation to be so profound......
Zhu Youxiao blinked his eyes and understood. It's not that I'm backing down, it's that I'm talking about losing confidence.
After a deep groan, Zhu Youxiao smiled at himself, happy for a while, and said too much.
"Bi Qing doesn't have to be ashamed." Zhu Youxiao waved his hand and said: "These operations of the bank are relatively mature in the West, and I also learned it through reading books, and it will not all be applicable to my Ming Dynasty. Moreover, the first easy and then the difficult, the Imperial Bank still focused on simple business for a few years. ”
Zhu Youxiao is not casually talking nonsense, the financial industry in the West was indeed quite developed at that time.
Banks and bankers are often the pillars of the state, such as the Dutch War of Independence, which was supported by the Dutch banking group. And what the Netherlands established after independence was also a commercial republic, a country where the capitalists had the final say.
Going back even further, Caesar was in debt to fight, and through the Gallic Wars he not only paid off his debts, but also made a fortune.
There are also Crusades, the Plantagenet Dynasty, etc., and examples of borrowing money to fight wars abound. In the West, it is not only military figures and groups that owe money to operate, but even national governments.
Of course, some banks or bankers became rich because of the war, and some were dragged down by the war and disappeared into the long river of history.
If the financial industry of the Ming Dynasty was developed, Zhu Youxiao felt that Chongzhen could also borrow money to fight.
What are you afraid of owing a lot of debts, it is also interesting to be able to renew the life of Daming, and then hang on to the southeast branch and pit a group of foolish creditors.
Bi Ziyan was a little relieved, and when he listened to the emperor again, most of them were his thoughts, and some planned operations and operation methods.
Live and learn! It seems that Bi Ziyan has to learn and improve, only fifty-four, not too old, let alone confused!
Zhu Youxiao said that he only talked about the development of the Imperial Bank in the past two years, and did not dare to stimulate Lao Bi anymore.
“…… Abolishing the two yuan is the ultimate goal, but there is no need to be too careful, the two yuan must be stable for at least one year, and then issue an injunction to exchange the silver coin after it is generally accepted by the people......"
“…… The exchange business should be carried out as soon as possible, and branches should be set up in several major commercial ports, and I estimate that each branch has 1 million funds, which should be almost enough. ”
“…… As for the loan business, open a small amount first, with a maximum of 100,000 yuan, and it is advisable to repay it in one year; There must be suitable collateral, the bank is just starting out, and it can't afford to lose a lot of money......"
"Jiangnan business is prosperous, Bi Qing sat in Nanjing, gradually rolled out outlets, and carried out business; On the side of the Bank of Beijing, I am in charge of the ......"
Bi Ziyan listened attentively and asked respectfully from time to time. When he learned that the General Chamber of Commerce and the Jiangnan Chamber of Commerce would deposit at least two million silver coins in the Nanjing branch for a period of one year, his confidence was even more sufficient.
This is the first time that bank deposits have no interest. Zhu Youxiao is also very "generous" and does not charge storage fees, the two major chambers of commerce are equivalent to finding the best vault, and there is no need to go to great lengths to hide it.
It sounds a bit shameless, but that's the opinion of posterity. In those days, negative interest rates were perfectly feasible.
"When you go to Nanjing to find Lu Jiude, he will give you the troops, and you will dispatch them, so call the bank security!"
Zhu Youxiao finally finished speaking, holding the cup in his hand, but he didn't drink it immediately, but looked at Bi Ziyan.
"Weichen understands, and he will be satisfied." Bi Ziyan bowed down to receive the order.
Zhu Youxiao smiled and drank tea with confidence.
In this year's fiscal open source, the bank's income is not a big part. After all, it has just been built, the outlets have not been rolled out, and the business must be carried out gradually. But no one knows the potential of the bank better than Zhu Youxiao.
It is no exaggeration to say that in the future, banks will be richer than accounts. By that time, the state may really have to borrow money from banks in order to expand and plunder abroad.
Zhu Youxiao did not have much resistance to the operation of debts, which is called a fiscal deficit, which is also conducive to economic development.
Besides, I don't know the phrase "it's the uncle who owes the debt", right? If you owe a debt, you can still fight, and that is the "uncle of the uncles".
If I can fight or not, I have to ask my daughter-in-law to go; But I'm desperately throwing money at it to build an army that can fight!
"Hooray." Bi Ziyan arched his hand and said: "Weichen thinks that Tianjin should also open a port." ”
Zhu Youxiao bowed slightly, if it weren't for the fact that there were not many officials who were relieved, he would have hoped for more open coastal cities.
"That's a good idea." Zhu Youxiao said in a deep voice: "But as a military town station, the port cannot be opened for the time being. ”
Bi Ziyan also made suggestions, and seeing that the emperor had listened to them, he didn't say anything more.
Zhu Youxiao saw that he had almost explained it, so he ordered the palace people to announce the appointment. The name of the president of the Imperial Bank is not known to be a few grades and ranks, and according to the official rank at that time, Bi Ziyan was given the title of Shangshu to act in charge of bank affairs.
Bi Ziyan received the order to thank him, and the emperor gave him clothes and Guiyu, so that Bi Ziyan retired.
………………… Divider..................
The losses caused by Ning Yuan's victory to Houjin were not only more than 10,000 casualties, but also changes in the hearts of the people in Liaodong.
If it is only an occasional defeat, it can be understood as the result of carelessness and pride of the enemy.
But since the defeat of Quang Ninh, Houjin has suffered many setbacks, large and small, which cannot be explained by chance.
It is human nature to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and fools will deliberately jump into the fire pit and stare at the side of the loser.
And among the major forces in Liaodong, the Mongol reaction was the most realistic.
Although no tribe, including Lin Dan Khan, dared to directly oppose the Houjin.
But many of the Mongolian vassals who followed Houjin as accomplices did not want to work for Houjin anymore. Moreover, they have not benefited much for more than a year.
Fighting with Houjin, apart from looting and making a fortune, what other purpose did these Mongolian vassals have? Seeing that the momentum is not right, there is nothing to grab, and there are so many deaths, who doesn't have a long brain?
Even the Horqin Division, which had already returned to Houjin, felt sad in the face of such a large casualty, and was thinking about what excuse to send fewer men and horses to help the war next time!
The Liao people in the Houjin ruling area are even more fluctuating, and many of them have the ambition to return to the Ming Dynasty. Of course, they didn't want to be enslaved before, and they fled to the Ming Dynasty repeatedly, and they were repeatedly killed.
"People's hearts are fluctuating, and it is difficult to recover until a battle is won." Huang Taiji returned to the mansion and told Luo Xiujin his judgment.
He had just gone to see Mang Gurtai, who was seriously injured but not dead, and he was not sure whether he would survive or not. He also saw his father, Nurhachi, who was a little depressed, but he didn't dare to say his thoughts so bluntly.
In fact, Ning Yuan's fiasco also exceeded Huang Taiji's expectations. Relying on the intermittent information he got from the Jin merchants, how could he know the accurate strength of the Ming army and the strong defense of Ningyuan?
Luo Xiujin frowned, this conclusion was correct, and he also sensed a strange atmosphere. But how easy is it to have a big win?
Ning Yuan definitely can't attack anymore, at least until his ability to attack is improved by leaps and bounds, and he can't be sent to death again.
Phi Dao in the headquarters of the Dongjiang River is also quite difficult to fight without a sailor. At most, the Ming army was driven to the island, but it could not hurt the roots.
The brigade in southern Liaoning seems to be the only target that can be attacked on land, although the attack has failed, but it will not be more difficult to fight than Ning Yuan, right?
"I'm afraid the Khan won't agree." Luo Xiujin smiled bitterly and said, "I just suffered a setback, I always have to rest and recover, it's difficult to start again, right?" ”
Huang Taiji lowered his eyes and touched his chin to think.