There are no clear signs or boundaries for the change of social system.

The emperor thought so, and was prepared to intervene as little as possible, so that the Ming would naturally progress and naturally enter the next stage of society.

The smoother the transition, the better the adaptation of the population, because change is formed over a period of time, giving them a stage of adaptation.

In this case, the emperor welcomes the investment of the Great Chamber of Commerce in Ma Tie, and there will not be too many restrictions.

Ma Tie wants to be rolled out across the country, but it is a big project, and the imperial court alone will definitely be burdensome, or even unaffordable.

It is necessary to rely on the power of the people, but the emperor feels that it seems better to issue bonds to all the people of the Ming Dynasty than to only involve the big chamber of commerce.

Of course, it will take some time for the common people to realize the convenience of Ma Tie. Therefore, the preferential treatment given to the large chambers of commerce is inevitable.

It's still early to monopoly, and besides, a certain degree of monopoly is not necessarily a bad thing.

However, the development of the horse railway must be carried out in a planned and orderly manner, and it is impossible to connect the lines in all directions. According to the technical level at that time and the pulling force of the horse rail, it was impossible to dig tunnels and climb mountains and mountains.

Therefore, for a long time, the lines of the Malaysia Railway can only be regional or intercity lines, which requires an agency to manage them.

The emperor did not want all the money from the imperial court, so it was good to follow the form of the Chamber of Commerce and only send officials to supervise and coordinate.

Establish one or several railway companies, in the form of a joint-stock system, with board members negotiating to solve problems, and the official is only responsible for supervision and guidance.

The emperor had a rough plan for the construction of Ma Tie in his mind, sat back on the imperial case, took the pen in his hand, and wrote down the ideas and framework. For specific refinement, the following people will discuss and discuss, and even invite the Chamber of Commerce to participate.

Water conservancy facilities, roads, and horse railways, all three major projects have been launched, and will be carried out on a large scale in the north.

The reason is simple: the north will be the hardest hit and the longest-lasting region.

As a cash-for-work project, the three major projects not only solve the food and clothing of the disaster victims, but also push the infrastructure of Daming to a higher level.

Give the people the work to contribute, and also give them the opportunity to eat well. As long as he does not starve to death, the internal stability of the Ming Dynasty will be guaranteed, and the emperor will be able to continue to realize his great cause.

In Shaanxi, where the province is in a severe drought, the two major projects of water conservancy facilities and roads have been carried out in an all-round way. Although most of the fields are dry and cracked, the barren scene is accompanied by large-scale construction in full swing.

Criss-crossing the perimeter of the dry fields, there are trunk canals and branch canals, looking down from the sky, like blood vessels of different thicknesses.

As long as the river is not dry, there will be a certain harvest for irrigation. If there is another drought in the future, as long as it is not particularly large and does not last for a long time, these water conservancy facilities will play a great role in alleviating it.

The new building material, the cement of the Ming Empire, although the performance is not as good as that of later generations, it is a huge progress, and it is far better than before in terms of waterproofing and hardening.

Limestone and clay are the main raw materials, after crushing, batching and grinding, they enter the kiln for calcination, and then add an appropriate amount of gypsum to grind finely.

In fact, the Academy of Sciences also has better cement making methods and processes, but the simplified version can be used locally and without long-distance transportation, which is most suitable for use in ancient times.

Fuping, Weinan, Pucheng, Kunshan and other places have successively built factories for production, all of which are the production areas of limestone and clay, and it is very convenient to produce.

And these projects are all included in the scope of cash-for-work, in the year of the great drought, the most important thing is labor, and you will work hard when you have enough to eat.

Those who can use cement use cement, those who can use triad soil use triad soil, those who can use masonry use masonry, and the worst thing is rammed earth.

The main task of the local government is to find work for the affected people, and all the grain, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and other food brought in from other places are used as wages and distributed to the victims.

Those who have the ability to work earn their own food, and those who do not have the ability to work also have a relief to receive, so that you will not starve to death.

The sun was scorching overhead, exuding an irritating heat. Li Banghua, the governor of Shaanxi, wore a big straw hat and civilian clothes, and inspected the people's situation under the guidance of several retinue officials.

"My lord, please see, the main diversion canal here has been completed, and the branch canal is striving to be completed by the end of the year." The official raised his tanned face and pointed to the report, "When it is put into use in the spring of next year, the county will add thousands of acres of irrigated land." ”

Li Banghua nodded and asked, "But according to Lord Zuo's design?" He is an expert in water conservancy, and his planning and design are reasonable and knowledgeable. ”

"Back to my lord, the main design is correct, and some branch canals have been slightly changed because of soil conditions."

Li Banghua walked up the dirt slope, looked up, smiled slightly, and praised the officials: "Very good, you did a good job." ”

Zuo Guangdou, the former governor of Shaanxi, was a water conservancy expert in the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Qin sent him to Shaanxi to take office, just to make the best use of his talents, prepare in advance, and resist the idea of catastrophe.

During his tenure in Shaanxi, Zuo Guangdou led his staff, conducted field investigations, and made an overall plan for water conservancy facilities, which was approved by the emperor.

At present, Zuo Guangdou is already the governor of the river, surveying and inspecting along the Yellow River, not only making water conservancy plans for the provinces along the river, but also planning the major project of controlling the Yellow River under the orders of the emperor.

The Yellow River is full of harms, and it is difficult to solve them in all dynasties. The emperor looked at the current map of the Yellow River, found that it was different from his own memory, and judged that the Yellow River would be diverted in the future and take the Huai into the sea.

According to historical records, the Yellow River has encroached on the Huaihe River basin several times, but it was relatively short and did not change much to the Huaihe River basin.

The fourth major diversion of the Ming Dynasty in the fifth year of the Weijin Dynasty made the eastern Henan, northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu, and southwestern Shandong regions of the Huai River basin become areas where the Yellow River often flooded.

Since then, the Yellow River has been encroaching for more than 600 years, which has caused major changes in the water system of the Huaihe River Basin.

Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, "every time the Huaishui is in full bloom, the west wind and waves, the white waves are like mountains, and the Huaiyang is hundreds of miles, the public and private are panicked, and those who dare not sleep in peace will be held for hundreds of years."

As a water conservancy expert, Zuo Guangdou knows very well that it is powerful, and he has devoted himself to investigation and research.

Because the emperor predicted that the water volume in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River would be drastically reduced or even dry up during the catastrophe, he took the opportunity to carry out large-scale dredging and strengthen the embankment so that the Yellow River would no longer encroach.

This will be a century-old project, and once completed, Zuo Guangdou will go down in history.

Li Banghua didn't know much about this, but he also thanked Zuo Guangdou for his contribution to Shaanxi.

At the same time, the grain reserves in the official warehouse are still enough for half a year, and the goods brought in from abroad have also continued, and even if the disaster continues next year, there is no danger that a large number of displaced people or civil unrest will occur.

It was noon, in the big tent in the distance, the people who were working were eating, and from time to time there was a faint sound of talking and laughter.

Li Banghua waved away the servants and officials and walked over.

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