If you read the history of Ma Zheng in China, you will come across a sentence called "Ma Zheng is not more detailed than Ming, and it is not bad to be clear".

It is because Zhu Yuanzhang learned the lessons of the horse administration of the previous dynasties and formulated a relatively complete horse administration, but after the corruption of the officials, the exceptionally complete horse administration caused too many disasters.

In general, there were three ways for the Ming Dynasty to obtain war horses.

One is the official herd, which is very easy to understand, and the grassland is demarcated by the imperial court to raise horses. Zhu Yuanzhang set up an institution called Taifu Temple to manage for this purpose, which was hung under the military department (Yuanma Temple was added in the later period).

No matter what the name is, anyway, the emperor specially sent a group of people to manage a piece of grassland and be responsible for raising horses.

The reason for the corruption is also obvious, that is, the grassland was forcibly occupied by the clan and the landlords, of course, the reason is very complicated, that is, when the country was founded, there were few people and there was a place to raise. With the growth of people, some land had to be reclaimed to grow grain, so some were also occupied by the military and civilians.

The second is the tea and horse trade. It is mainly in the border areas, exchanging tea with Tibet, the Western Regions and the northern nomads for horses. Until now, there is still a scenic spot in some places called: the Ancient Tea Horse Road.

But this channel has been ruined by tea smuggling.

The third way is to cause the source of great disaster, and even coined a word called 'Ringing Horse,'.

This method is called pastoral pastoralism.

The policy of folk herding was borrowed from the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, that is, to let the people help the court raise horses.

The general principle is to help me raise horses, and if I raise them well, I will exempt you from taxes, and if they are raised, you will compensate me. Generally speaking, there will be 'households to raise horses' and 'acres to raise horses', these two ways are to raise a horse on these 50 acres of land, or you fifteen families to raise a horse together.

But after a long time, the problem came,

First of all, as a citizen, the court gave me a healthy horse today, but I am just unlucky, what should I do if the horse dies of illness tomorrow?

Then you have to pay for it, a horse is precious, not to mention more than 20 taels of silver, so there are constantly families who go bankrupt because of raising horses.

Secondly, if we raise horses together, there is a situation where the powerful oppress the people, for example, we raise a horse together in 20 households, and everyone raises it for 30 days. Then powerful people will choose the season when the vegetation is lush and people are not busy to herd horses.

For example, when there is no grass and the season is too busy to die, let the poor people go to herd, not to mention the delay in farming, and the horses have to run farther and more places, so the people are miserable.

Originally, it was not easy to be able to eat enough on the land all year round, and this delay basically faced starvation.

There is no solution to this problem, as long as each family raises horses together, it will definitely appear, and there is such a phenomenon during the Hongwu period.

In addition, when the court gives a horse to the people to raise, it will ask you to give me a foal in a year, but this foal must be sent for inspection if it is not qualified.

This is a law enforcement post.

The flat-headed people hugged the horses to go to the test, and if they were qualified, they only saw whether the foal was alive and kicking?

Therefore, from the beginning of Hongzhi to the Jiajing Longqing period, the common people did not raise horses.

Isn't it just a loss, I'd rather pay than raise. Raising a horse is time-consuming, time-consuming, and money-consuming. I might as well make up a sum of money and pay it down directly.

….

As a result, there were many cases of pony abuse at that time. Even if it's a good foal, it's going to be killed, and it's not going to be raised anyway.

But 'I'll compensate you, that's easy to say, and many ordinary people basically have to sell their sons and daughters.' Such a heavy burden led to the fact that the people of Hebei, the land of horse breeding at this time, were living in dire straits.

During the Zhengde period, Liu Liu Liu and Liu Qi uprisings broke out in Wen'an County, Bazhou, Zhili, known as the "Ringing Horse Thieves", the scale of this uprising was quite large, the rebel army began to fight from North Zhili, hit Shandong, and even returned to attack Gyeonggi, of course, it was unsuccessful, but later it turned to Henan, Huguang, South Zhili and other vast areas.

It took three years to settle down.

This is the hinterland of the Central Plains, and the agricultural country has been fighting for three years, what is the concept of this loss?

So

Carefully sort out the above three ways to get war horses, not to mention Zhu Houzhao, even the top talents of the country in the cabinet also began to bow their heads and remain silent, not knowing what to do.

Liu Ge Lao said for a long time, it is nothing more than to optimize Yang Yiqing's suggestion, Yang Yiqing said that it is necessary to "strictly prohibit fornication, and make the best of the tea in the palace", in fact, it is to prohibit tea smuggling. Liu Ge Lao said that the imperial court should support it.

As for the horse farm occupied by the clan, Emperor Hongji's biggest move so far was to refuse the begging of King Qi and King Yong.

And the inventory of acres of land is also something that will not be done in the near future.

This is the predicament of the country in the feudal era, because there are huge vested interests, so there must be an army in order to carry out reforms, and if there is an army, those interests must be cut out a little, isn't this a dead circle?

Zhu Houzhao felt that this was a major matter, and I was afraid that it could not be solved in one or two holy decrees and a month or two.

「…… What do you think of Yang Yiqing's strict investigation of tea smuggling?"

Li Dongyang raised his hand and said, "I think I might as well give it a try."

This is to let Yang Yiqing charge into battle and go to the thunder. Naturally, everyone didn't have much of an opinion. Anyway, the thing that offended people was done by Yang Yiqing.

"Han Shangshu."

Hangul is listed, "The minister is here."

Zhu Houzhao asked, "You are in charge of money and grain, why do you say that tea smuggling is prevalent outside the tea and horse markets?"

Han Wen said, "Naturally, the profits are huge, and many people would rather take risks."

Originally, it was an official monopoly, and foreign merchants who wanted to obtain tea could only trade with the government, so that the government had pricing power. During the Hongwu period, a horse sold 37 catties of tea.

But where is the price of tea in the folk so expensive, and if you really exchange such a little tea for a horse and sell it for money, wouldn't it be profitable?

In the face of huge interests, the smuggling of tea for horses cannot be stopped, which is a bit like using bread to exchange for planes in the Soviet Union.

Zhu Yuanzhang also killed a son-in-law to show his determination. But he and Zhu Di, father and son, can control people, which emperor can still control it?

You let Emperor Hongzhi kill a son-in-law, although he doesn't have a son-in-law.

Moreover, foreign merchants do not like to do business with the government, because private tea merchants are cheaper.

This makes the imperial court very embarrassed, if this kind of behavior is to be completely eliminated, then the manpower and financial resources invested are not small, and the administrative costs will go up all of a sudden.

"Since the profit is huge...... Zhu Houzhao thought for a while, "then it must be extremely difficult to completely ban it by thunder means. In the end, there is a lot of movement and poor results."

….

Grenade fried fleas, looking lively and lively, does not solve the problem.

At this time, Tu Yun, the official of the Ministry of Shangshu, played, "The imperial court monopolized the tea and horse trade, and the original intention was to exchange less tea for more war horses in the Western Regions, but the reality is no longer available, and the merchants of the Western Regions will only sell the high-grade war horses to private individuals, and the inferior transactions will be given to the imperial court. Your Highness, what if...... The imperial court lifted the ban on the tea and horse trade?"

Zhu Houzhao raised his eyebrows, "What you mean is that, like the Shibo Division, a special tea and horse trading place is set up to allow merchants to trade legally, and the imperial court collects taxes based on this."

"No!" Wang Yue immediately objected, "Due to the problem of food and drink in the Western Regions, there is a shortage of tea, and the imperial court controls tea not only for military horses, but also for the lifeblood of the countries of the Western Regions. Once the ban is lifted, when it is strong in a few years, don't you know that it will cause military disaster?"

He was looking at it from the point of view of war.

And it does make sense. How can such a strategic resource be opened to export?

Headache.

In fact, the imperial court monopolized tea, and it also had something to do with tea.

Salt, tea, and iron are all government-run, and it is unlikely that this thing can be easily changed.

In the final analysis, feudal dynasties are always lacking. It's either that this is lacking, or that's missing.

In fact, among these various reasons, there is another point, that is, the rulers do not pay enough attention to horse politics, because the horse farm is in a remote border area, and the life of horse herding is also difficult, so most of the officials who go there to become officials are officials who have been abandoned by the imperial court.

Bi Ma Wen, which emperor chooses it

Do this job with the officials you value?

Well, if you don't pay attention to it, you will naturally do it casually.

Zhu Houzhao thought for a while and said, "Let's reply to Yang Yiqing like this, first of all, what he said about strictly investigating tea smuggling, according to the law, let's see how far he can go." In addition, according to his performance, isn't there still more than 60,000 acres of Shaanxi horse ranch? First of all, run the horse ranch that the imperial court already has. Now is the period of peace, and the vacancies of war horses in various places can be slowly filled, anyway, there is a shortage of 100 horses, and a shortage of 200 horses is also a shortage. Liu Gelao, Wang Shangshu and Tu Shangshu,"

"The minister is here."

"After you go back, you will sort out the Taifu Temple and the officials in charge of the horse ranches in Shaanxi. Those with bad political performance shall be deposed together. Re-appoint the official with a better reputation, who is Taifu Siqing now?"

"Your Majesty, this person's name is Wang Ji, and he has been in this official position for nearly ten years." Since the last reminder, Tu Tu is now much more familiar with the officials.

Ten years has not moved, and it is really not taken seriously.

"Remove him, replace the crown prince Xian Ma Liang, and order him to be in charge of the horse ranch of the court officials."

"Yes."

"Tell Yang Yiqing, let him guard the more than 60,000 hectares for the imperial court, and if anyone wants to occupy it again, let him write a note and hand it over to the palace." Zhu Houzhao arranged this section and thought about it again, "Wang Shangshu, Taifu Temple is under your jurisdiction, so you also have to contact Yang Yiqing to see how many strong horses his Shaanxi horse farm can provide in a year."

"Then gather these fine horses and train an elite cavalry unit. That Yang Shangyi was recommended by you, and he was still excellent in the military academy assessment, and after you went back, he was ordered to go to Datong to serve as a cavalry general. And asked him to report the development of this cavalry to the imperial court every six months.

….

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"The slave is here."

"If I forget. Remember to remind me."

"Yes."

This reminder is to tell everyone present that no one is allowed to stop Yang Shangyi's excerpts.

When everyone heard this, they felt that Yang Shangyi was hit by a pie falling from the sky.

In fact, just looking at this government affairs, Yang Shangyi has a bit of the power of the ministers of the Qing Dynasty to have the right to fold.

This is no small matter.

In addition, the feudal state, not without power.

The key is to see who makes this force, just like the historical Emperor Zhengde personally commanded the battle of Yingzhou, although the country has no money, but the emperor commands on the front line, that can be the same as the logistics support of a general commanding on the front line?

The same is true now, Zhu Houzhao personally inquired about the more than 60,000 hectares of horse farms in Shaanxi, reappointed officials, and raised horses to get a cavalry unit out first, as long as he kept an eye on it, it would definitely be effective.

"When we have this cavalry and defeated the Tatars, let's go outside the Great Wall and herd horses!"

"Wise and unscrupulous!"

In fact, this is also a helpless way, otherwise what do you say? Let Emperor Hongzhi order to kill all the princes of the Zhu family and return the grassland?

I'm afraid it's going to be a big mess in the world.

The tea and horse trade is even more complicated, don't want to.

Of course, Zhu Houzhao still cares a little,

"This was the case with the official herdsmen and the tea and horse trade. The harm of this section of the people and herdsmen is profound and shocking. The people are trapped in the horses, they don't know what to flee, the foals are dying in order to fall, and the foals are happy to celebrate. Rather come back to silver, rather than raise horses. In the long run, I am afraid that the people's will will be lost."

The eldest son of Da Ming.

Royal Mercenary Cat