"This Zhuge Jue is really a talent, and he is really surnamed Zhuge ."

At this time, Zhang Chong stretched his waist in the clean room of the Taishan Army Shogunate in Yecheng and said so.

Even after sitting and reading for a day, Zhang Chong's face did not show the slightest tiredness, and his abundant physical strength not only made him decisive on the battlefield, but also like a superman in handling government affairs.

The field survey provided by Zhuge Jue was very useful, and it gave Zhang Chong a clear understanding of the land and tax situation of the Han family.

This kind of top-level observation is only an official in the system like Zhuge Jue has the opportunity to get a glimpse of the whole picture, even Zhang Chong is not as good as it, although he comes from later generations and has a clear understanding of various trends and changes, but in the end the original class is too low, and lacks a complete understanding of the Han Dynasty.

And Zhuge Jue's field survey made up for Zhang Chong's part.

Let's talk about the public and private land. In the first days, there was no such thing as private ownership, and all land belonged to clans and communes, and was produced according to the well fields.

After the development of productive forces, the well fields collapsed, and since the Warring States Reform, all countries have begun to move towards the land grant system. This is an important change in the transformation of the public ownership of land into private ownership. Since then, all households have been assigned to the people, and each household has been granted 100 acres of land.

Although the people began to own their own land, there were also corresponding economic obligations, just as when Zhou Tianzi granted land to the princes, the princes had the same obligations to the Son of Heaven.

This type of obligation includes three stones of grass and two stones of grain, which means that each household must pay three stones of grass and two stones of corn. Of course, this is a payment standard, and not every household pays this fixedly.

These are all things that Zhang Chong knows, but there is one thing that Zhuge Chong wrote in the report that Zhang Chong attaches great importance to.

One of them is that in fact, the land granted to the state was still the state, and there were mainly two kinds of objects to be granted at that time, one was the military industrialist, and the other was the clan. In other words, they are still mere tenants, and they have never actually been able to get land from the state.

And once the land is granted, it will not be returned. Therefore, once the military and powerful people acquire land and occupy it for a long time, they will inevitably become privately owned. After that, it is passed on from generation to generation.

As for the strict implementation of the Commune, as in the Spring and Autumn period, the re-regular distribution of the Commune never happened again.

Seeing this record, Zhang Chong immediately thought of what he had discussed with his grandson before, that is, whether the land in the Taishan area had been allocated after a period of time should be redistributed.

From here, it turns out that during the Spring and Autumn period of that year, when the land belonged to the commune, there was also a regular redistribution.

But why did this policy come to an end? Zhang Chong left a question mark in his heart, and then continued to read.

Land policy changed again in the pre-Han Gaozu period. That is, whoever can reclaim the barren land and grassland into arable land has the ownership of the cultivated land. This is because of the Qin and Han rebellions, the world was exhausted, and in order to encourage production and restore taxes, the state had to make compromises.

Moreover, in order to reassure the people, they also vigorously named the land and enacted laws to protect the ownership of these cultivated land and homestead foundations. We will do everything we can so that the people can pass on the land. It even appears that even if the family is out of business, the wife, son-in-law, and slave maid of the main family have the right to inherit.

Since then, land privatization has taken a big step forward.

But it must be pointed out that this still has nothing to do with the original poor. Because it is impossible for these people to reclaim wasteland, only propertied families can have the resources to reclaim wasteland for their own use.

And once that wheel starts turning, it can't stop anymore. More and more land has been reclaimed, but more and more belong to a small number of people, and a large number of Qiantou can only work hard to become tenants in Haoqiang's house because they are unable to reclaim their own land.

When Zhang Chong saw this, he finally understood why the Han Dynasty had experienced two major chaos in just four hundred years, and it was this policy that caused the trouble.

Judging from the understanding of Zhang Chong's later generations, this is the powerful people who have pulled a huge lever with the resources in their hands. They only need to provide the resources cultivated in the first year, and then they can occupy the land for generations, and the labor of this process is all borne by the tenants, and the powerful sit back and enjoy their achievements.

And this lever can be transmitted, that is, some bold people can completely open up wasteland every year, as long as the basic flow of resources is maintained, until there is no wasteland to open.

Good guy, isn't this the all-rent house in South Korea later, amazing.

According to Zhang Chong's understanding, this policy was effective at the beginning, after all, there was basically no contradiction in the early Han Dynasty. However, there were still many self-cultivated farmers under the land grant system at that time, but later Emperor Wen began to not suppress mergers and allow land to be bought and sold freely.

As a result, land annexation is like a wave, wave after wave, until it reaches a climax. Later, until the Xinmang period, the state tried to take back the land to the state, but the struggle failed. When it comes to this dynasty, it is still like this, if it weren't for the fact that between the two Han Dynasty, many people died, which made the land wasted, and maybe this dynasty would not be able to hold on to the present.

Judging from Zhang Chong's current heroes, they are directly compared to the princes, and in terms of the land of the Shen clan that he checked in Yecheng, they occupy nearly a thousand hectares, richer than the princes, and the poor really don't even have a place to stand.

Seeing these materials, Zhang Chong was once again vigilant about the circulation of land and the rise and fall of the times, and this land must be recovered from the state. It's not that Wang Mang failed back then, it's as if it was natural for Haoqiang to occupy the land. But this cannot be done now.

Now he wants to first distribute the land to the poor, and then wait for the world to start a cooperative and return the land to the state, which seems to be not very authentic.

But it really protects most people and gives them a chance to live forever. As long as they work hard, they will get a harvest from the land, and the rest will be their own, except for the payment to the state.

At that time, the land became a tool, and everyone could eat their own bite of food with blood and sweat. Of course, those who want to become bigger and stronger through mergers and acquisitions want to be superior. There may be no chance.

After all, in the world planned by Zhang Chong, those who do not work cannot eat.

In the lights, Zhang Chong is still watching, and the future route is becoming clearer and clearer.

A candle flame illuminates the sky.

……

In the new year, the first year of Guanghe, the imperial court in Luoyang naturally has to make some moves.

At the initiative of the general He Jin, the three princes of the court discussed, and the secretaries of the court would obey their orders, and the Luoyang court in the east decided to launch a western expedition to completely defeat the puppet emperor.

The so-called division must be famous, so before launching the Western Expedition, the Luoyang Imperial Court wrote a letter, which was also an ultimatum.

In addition to the honorific title used at the beginning, the whole article is harsh, and the puppet emperor Liu Hong has held the country for 20 years, and the people of the world are not happy. So there are these righteous heroes who stand up, punish the brutal, and do the right way.

In addition to these, they also deliberately pointed out one thing, that is, you, Liu Hong, as the lord of the Han family, have lost the prestige of the lord of the world.

The accusations of the Luoyang court against Liu Hong were actually very sharp. That is the orthodoxy of Chinese Huayi, which talks about entering China and retreating from Yidi. And Luoyang is in China, the place of kings. And the Xizhou where you Liu Hong is in is a barbarian land, so you are also a barbarian.

The Xizhou that Luoyang accuses here is a word with strong moral contempt.

The ancient Chinese concept of territory is a concept of the world, that is, there is a world first, and then it continues to radiate outward.

Such as the Shang period of the four directions and the center. In the center was the merchant's Middle-earth, where the royal family lived. The outer periphery is the outer service, including the eastern soil, the northern soil, the western soil, and the southern soil, all of which are the territories of the merchant princes. Further out, there are the princes of different races in the Quartet, such as the Zhou people who were the princes of the West.

In this world structure, the further you go out, the lower the level of civilization, and the less you are considered your own people. This is also the so-called "inner Beijing division and outer summer, inner summer and outer Yidi" world model.

Although the Han Dynasty was a unified dynasty, this internal and external structure still inherited the Shang and Zhou models. The most central of them is naturally Sanfu and Sanhe. Then the periphery is Dongzhou, Xizhou, Beizhou, Nanzhou, where the county system is practiced, the central control is strong, Gongwei Jingshi, is the "Zhuxia" world, belongs to the land of Huanei.

The western state here is Yongliangyi, which is also known as Kansai. Now that Liu Hong abandoned the country and went to Xizhou as the lord of the world, he is no longer the lord of the world, but a barbarian.

Why did you become a barbarian when you went to Xizhou? Isn't Xizhou also a county of Dahan?

Speaking of which, in fact, the world-rich people in the east are talking about a major event that has existed in this dynasty for nearly a hundred years. That's why the Kanto people regard the Kansai as a barbarian.

That is the Qiang Rebellion in Xizhou.

The Qiang people are also a member of the ancient people, and had a close relationship with the Chinese ancestors, although many ethnic groups entered the Central Plains with the Zhou people and became a member of China, but their main body still lives in the vast area of Xizhou.

Among them, they are mainly distributed in the Hehuang Valley, both grazing and farming, planting and flourishing, not belonging to each other, often plundering and killing each other, and there are many grudges.

Originally, the Qiang people lived in this area and it was good, but the Han people had a brilliant Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and in order to conquer the Xiongnu in the north, he sent troops to the west to isolate the contact between the Qianghu and the Xiongnu, and by the way, he found the Yueshi further west and invited him to fight the Xiongnu together.

At this point, the Han people began to officially enter the Qiangzhong area of Xizhou.

There are three main gathering places of the Qiang people in the Qiang, namely the Hehuang Valley, the Xihai Yanchi, and the large and small Yugu areas in the upper reaches of the Great River.

These areas, with herds of cattle and horses, are indeed rare fertile places.

But the Han people did not come here for these purposes, but to stop the union of the Qiang and Xiongnu.

At that time, the Xiongnu in the north and the Qiang people in the west had to make contact, one was to cross the big river from Henan to Lingju, and then follow the big river west into the Huangshui Valley.

One is to enter the Hexi Corridor and enter the Qiang area through several mountain passes and canyons in the Qilian Mountains.

Therefore, after Emperor Wu seized Henan, he built the first passage for Lingjusai to cut off the traffic between Qianghu and Hu, and then operated Hexi and built Juyansai to cut off the second passage.

After that, the Han people settled in Xizhou.

But as invaders, the Han people were bound to be attacked by the combined attack of the indigenous Qiang people. After that, he attacked the Han people in Xizhou several times, but after several major defeats, he began to accept the jurisdiction of the Han people, defended the Han Dynasty, and even obeyed the requisition of the Han family and participated in the counterinsurgency in other regions.

However, the Han people of each other are self-respecting and do not care about the life or death of the Qiang people, and the officials stationed in Xizhou are often greedy and steal the livestock and wives of the Qiang people.

As the saying goes, where there is oppression, there is resistance. Therefore, in the former Han Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Xuan, the Qiang people rebelled on a large scale again, and this time the rebellion was suppressed without exception.

Zhao Chongguo used Tuntian to pacify the Qiang and continued to govern the Qiang problem by means of authority. But in fact, the large-scale migration of the Han people in the Hehuang area once again encroached on the living space of the Qiang people, so the contradiction did not become smaller but expanded.

Later, during the period of Emperor Yuan, the Qiang people rebelled again, and although they were suppressed again, it also showed the seriousness of the problem.

However, the problem of the Qiang people in the former Han period was still controllable, because the strength of the former Han was still there at this time, so even if the Qiang made a few rebellions, they could still be subdued and there was nothing to do.

Since the martial arts struggle was unsuccessful, the fate of the Qiang people was naturally not much better. After that, until the early years of this dynasty, the Qiang people were slaves and servants, and there were many laborers who sold blood on errands.

In the final analysis, this is the world's view of Yidi.

The Han people compared the Yi people to beasts, and as the Han people became stronger, this sense of superiority became stronger. The more the Yi people moved inward, the more miserable their living conditions became.

At that time, the Southern Xiongnu and the Qiang people were also attached, but because the Han family needed the Southern Xiongnu to guard the northern frontier, the tribes of the Southern Xiongnu were generally retained, so even if they were still monitored and recruited by the Han family, their living conditions were undoubtedly much better.

But what about the Qiang? First, there is no such organizational ability, and second, there is no value to be used, so it is stripped of the skin and marrow, and the resentment is stuffed in Xizhou.

This kind of grudge has been until the founding of this dynasty.

From the establishment of Guangwu to the later Ming, Zhang, and He periods, the external threat of the Han dynasty was the Northern Xiongnu, and then the rebellion in the Western Regions, in short, the war continued for years.

In this process, the Qiang people were naturally particularly exploited, not only paying heavy taxes, but also selling blood to the battlefield. Forget it, the Han people don't treat these people as human beings.

During the Ming Emperor period, a person committed a crime in the burning of He Qiang, and the local Han officials directly killed six or seven hundred people from this tribe, which can be seen to be fierce. Later, the county lieutenant set up a banquet to ambush and kill hundreds of people, and killed hundreds of Qiang people because of other things.

In short, this kind of thing is endless, and the Qiang people are simply treated as cattle slaughtered at will.

But who knows that even if it is really an animal, there will be resistance, let alone a person with hands and feet?

The consequences are not long in coming.

During the period of Emperor Zhang, a county official in Xizhou plundered Qiang women. This is already the norm for officials in Xizhou, but this time this county official encountered a ruthless stubble, he robbed his daughter-in-law, and was killed by his husband when he turned his head.

The Qiang people killed the Han people, and they also killed the Han officials, so did they still have it? Revenge is inevitable!

So the magistrate took his troops to his tribe and prepared to kill a few hundred people to accompany the burial. And that tribe felt that instead of sitting still, it was better to fight hard. And this rebellion was a fuse, igniting the rebellion of the Qiang people for a hundred years.

But all because can the Qiang people fight? What does this have to do with the Kanto people's dislike of the Kansai people?

(End of chapter)