Shen Chen's official position is actually the governor of Yongyi Liang, and the pastor of Liangzhou, who moved the envoy to hold the festival, supervised the military of Bashu, Guanzhong, and Liangzhou, and governed the civil affairs of Liangzhou.

That is to say, he is in charge of the military affairs in Yizhou and Xiliangguan, and the civil affairs in Liangzhou. Hanzhong belongs to Yizhou, so in fact, he can't manage the civil affairs of Hanzhong, and naturally he can't do any guidance work.

But no fool would dare to find fault with him, not only his high-ranking and powerful status, but with his ability to manage the people's livelihood in a place, it is an easy thing.

If what he did was right, why refute it? Therefore, for a long time afterward, Shen Chen inspected the water sources in the mountains in various places, looking for suitable places to reclaim terraced fields and expand the productivity of Hanzhong.

This process lasted for nearly three months, and Shen Chen ran all over Qinling, Bashan, and Micang Mountains to find a suitable water source, which was related to whether the grain and grass in the rear could be transported in the future when the troops were sent to Guanzhong, and the major event of whether the grain and grass in the rear could be transported must not be sloppy.

After searching the whole of Hanzhong, he found more than 100 places suitable for reclamation in the upper reaches of mountain water sources, with a village of 20 households, 100 dingkou, can reclaim 1,000 acres of land, these places can open more than 100,000 acres of fields, and the rest of the vegetable fields, ponds, and mulberry forests are countless.

But this was far from enough, before Shen Chen left Hanzhong, he told Huang Zhong, Li Yan and others to let them continue to find suitable areas in Hanzhong, Shangyong and other places to reclaim terraced fields, give preferential policies to the people, and attract people to the mountains to reclaim new fields.

In addition to the terraces, the old plain area cannot be abandoned. If there is no water source, they try to reclaim the canal, and the water source is too far away to open the canal, so they dig wells and build ponds to find high-quality groundwater.

This is also a must-do. According to Shen Chen's three-year Northern Expedition policy, from the second year of Zhangwu to the fourth year of Zhangwu is the stage of recuperation, and preparations for the Northern Expedition can begin in the second half of the fourth year of Zhangwu, and Zhangwu can officially send troops in the fifth year.

Therefore, Shen Chen hoped that before Zhangwu five years, Hanzhong would have a total of 5 million mu of fields, more than 700,000 people in Dingkou, and the majority of young and strong laborers would be the best.

In this way, when the army is dispatched, there is no need to draw people from Bashu to serve in the army, so that it will not be like Liu Bei's previous battle of Guanzhong, which only lasted for a month or two, and the people's livelihood in Yizhou withered, a rich state, and almost collapsed.

Again, there is no shortage of grain in Hanzhong, what is lacking is always the way of transporting grain. In addition to inspecting the situation of the fields in Hanzhong, Shen Chen did not rush to Xiliang, but then went to Xieyuguan along the Baochuan Road, and then entered Chencang Road from Lianyun Road, inspecting the road conditions along the way.

Indeed, as Xu Shu said, only the first half of the road is still easy to walk, and the middle section is the cliff plank road, which stretches for more than 100 miles.

As for Fu Luo Road and Meridian Road, not to mention, the whole journey is almost a cliff. Only Chen Cangdao is really easy to walk.

It is no wonder that in the case of such a long detour, it can become the only road from Guanzhong to Hanzhong, and the reason is naturally that the road is wide and smooth, and there are few high ridge cliffs.

To this end, Shen Chen improved the trolley according to the road conditions, and invented the wheelbarrow and the four-wheel steering carriage to transport grain.

There has never been a shortage of horses in the land of Bashu, what is lacking is war horses. Because the southwest has been the birthplace of Shu horses and Yunnan horses since ancient times, the horses used in the ancient tea horse road are the southwest horse breeds, they are relatively short, and the endurance is good, although they are not as suitable as the northwest Liangzhou horses or Bingzhou horses to be war horses, but they are suitable for horses to transport materials.

Therefore, Shen Chen also signaled Li Yan to introduce a large number of southwestern horse breeds in Hanzhong, although the Hanzhong Plain area has a lot of arable land, but the Hanzhong Basin is 5,000 square kilometers, and the plain area only accounts for 1,400 square kilometers.

The remaining more than 3,000 square kilometers are hills and mountains where horses can be raised, and it is only necessary to breed more southwest horses, and at the same time develop the agriculture of Hanzhong, so that Hanzhong can be self-sufficient, so that when the Northern Expedition is in the future, there will naturally be no need for Bashu to contribute people and materials, so that the people in the rear will not be able to make a living.

After staying in Hanzhong for more than three months, and then inspecting Chencang Road and Baochuan Road, Shen Chen went to Liangzhou in October of the second year of Zhangwu, went north from Qishan Road, crossed Wudu County and entered the scope of Tianshui County, and then went to Ji County, the current seat of Liangzhou.

Ji County is located in Gangu County, Gansu Province in the later generations, where the terrain is flat, it is a rare narrow plain area in Gansu, and the north is the Liupan Mountain loess Liangshan gully area in the north, and the mountain is low; To the south is the western extension of the Qinling Mountains, a stony mountainous area with a high altitude.

The middle is run through by the Wei River, which belongs to the landform of the faulted river valley. Unexpectedly, when Shen Chen rode on horseback and slowly walked towards the county seat of Ji County, he saw that rice was planted widely in the wilderness.

It is the late rice harvest season, and a large number of people in the north and south of the Weihe River are harvesting rice in the field, and the golden ears of rice are fluttering in the wind, full of vitality.

Accompanied by Shen Chen's side was Liang Governor Shi Dengzhi and Tianshui Taishou Pang Shu, Pang Shu was famous for his bravery, after Liu Bei got Liangzhou, he was recruited as Peng's subordinate, and then worshiped as Tianshui Taishou, and Deng Zhi and Li Yan together with Zuo Zhang Fei to guard Liangzhou.

Zhang Fei was recalled back to Xiangyang by Liu Bei at the beginning of this year, and Shen Chen also had a face-to-face with Zhang Fei when he was in Jiangzhou, and the reason why Liangzhou was able to maintain stability after not having a main general was because the current Liangzhou Governor Shi Dengzhi and Tianshui Taishou Pang Yu maintained order.

Shen Chen's horse team slowly entered the vast plain area outside Ji County, turned his head and said to Deng Zhi and Pang Shu: "This Liangzhou actually grows rice? Deng Zhi replied: "Yu Dadu, since the Shang Zhou Liangzhou has been planting rice, and now the introduction of Jiaozhi rice, because of its early-maturing, drought-tolerant characteristics, Tianshui County on both sides of the Wei River, Zhongtao, Ji County, Xinyang, Tianshui and other counties, have been widely planted, in order to alternate Han rice, the formation of two cropping. ”

"I see, rice likes high temperature and humidity, and the northwest terrain is higher, so the sunlight is indeed more abundant." Shen Chen nodded.

Pang Yu said: "It's just that rice needs too much water, so except for the Wei River and the Changli River, the rest of the place is still dominated by corn. ”

"Hmm." Shen Chen said: "I first came to Liangzhou, I don't know the specific situation of Liangzhou, I remember that His Majesty once moved the people of Tianshui, Longyou and other places to Hanzhong, why I see that there are quite a lot of people in this place." Pang Yu said with a smile: "Most of the governors don't know, Your Majesty originally migrated to Liangzhou landless people and Han people who voluntarily followed to Hanzhong, and many people in the family were unwilling to migrate, so there are still a lot of Dingkou left under the rule of the family, and the rest are Qiang or Beihu." ”

"Qiangqi Beihu?"

"Yes." Deng Zhi said: "The Qiang, Di, Hu and Han people in Liangzhou live together, and some of the Han people graze, and some of the Qiang, Di and Hu farmers farm, and they intermarry with each other, so there are so many people farming. ”

"Not only Tianshui, but even the Western Regions." Pang Yu also said: "In the southern mountains of the Western Regions of Dunhuang, from Ruoqiang, west to the green onion collar for thousands of miles, there are Yue's remaining onions this Qiang, white horses, cattle and Qiang, each has its own chieftain, the north and the countries are connected, I don't know how wide and narrow it is. There are Fulu, Wang, Longdi, Qingdi, Baidi, Worm, etc., the language is not as good as Qiangza Hutong, each has a surname, and the surname is like a Chinese surname. His clothes are still green. It is customary to weave cloth, plant good fields, and raise pigs, cattle, horses, donkeys and mules. ”

"Good." Shen Chen said with satisfaction: "It seems that whether Xiliang is a Qiang or a Hu person, his living habits are no different from those of the Han people, which is a good thing." It shows that they have bordered the Han people in terms of ideology, culture, and living habits, which is more convenient for our governance. An official in the back said: "Metropolitan Governor, "Zuo Chuan" Yun: If you are not of my race, your heart will be different. These Qiang people are not subject to kingization, and they should still be treated with caution. ”

"Don't talk nonsense." Shen Chen frowned, turned around and said, "Confucius made "Spring and Autumn"; The princes used the Yi ceremony to raze it, and the Yi entered China as China. Whether it is a Diyi or a Han Chinese, as long as they can abide by Chinese etiquette, they are Chinese subjects. Since the Qiang, Di, Hu, and Han people are in my Liangzhou, they are the people of my Liangzhou. The sages used the theory of Yi Xia to mean that the blood of the Han people must be Xia, and the blood of the Yi people must be Yi, but that Xia has etiquette and civilization, representing advanced culture; Barbarism, no distinction between respect and inferiority, representing a backward culture. If the Yi people can read and write, understand etiquette, and gain wisdom, they should also be the people of China, how can they be regarded as barbarians? Therefore, you must remember to treat Hu and Han equally, and you should not be biased like Wang Hong, Laiji, Liu Bing, etc., discriminating against the Yi people, causing the Yi people to rebel continuously, just treat them as the same Han people, understand? ”

"Yes." The Liangzhou officials behind him were stunned for a moment, and then they all responded.

The phrase "if you enter the country, you will be destroyed, and if you enter the summer, you will be summer" was not actually said by Confucius, but by Xu Heng, a great Confucian of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to provide legitimacy for the orthodoxy of the Yuan Dynasty.

Confucius's original intention was not to emphasize race and bloodline as the standard, but to use civilization and etiquette as the measure. If the state of Chu claims to be a barbarian, and then civilization advances, and the princes of the Central Plains will ally with it, they will no longer regard it as a barbarian; And Zheng Guo was originally a Zhuxia, and if his behavior was not in accordance with righteousness, he was also regarded as Yidi.

If Yi Di is to Mu Zhongyuan and can perform courtesy, he will praise it. If China does barbarian things, it will become barbarian; Vice versa.

Therefore, the sages since ancient times have been very precise in their view of this issue, not based on bloodline, but on whether he obeys the righteous rites.

Judging whether a certain race is Huayi based on the situation of civilization is the best and most objective way to judge it.

It's just that just like the citizens of a certain country who prided themselves on the old Stars and Stripes discriminated against other ethnic groups, there were also Han people who discriminated against and suppressed the Qiang people during the Han Dynasty, resulting in sharp contradictions and conflicts between the Qiang people and the Han people.

For example, in the first Qiang rebellion, when Wang Hong, the cavalry captain, went to the Western Regions, he forced the local Qiang soldiers to follow, did not provide weapons and equipment, did not pay wages, and let them bring their own horses and weapons, and let them work for nothing.

The Qiang people did not obey and scattered, but the counties sent people to intercept them, and they also destroyed their tribes, so that the first Qiang rebellion broke out.

The rebellion lasted for 11 years, consumed 24 billion yuan of military expenditures of the Eastern Han court, seriously dragged down the finances of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and made the Han Huan Emperor and Han Ling Emperor have no money in their hands at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and were forced to use various methods to loot money.

In addition, during the period of Emperor Shun of the Han Dynasty, the state and Youzhou assassinated Shi Laiji and Liu Bing, the two were cool officials, and they continued to exploit the Qiang people unscrupulously, and it is said that the Qiang people at that time were slightly unsatisfactory to the two, so they immediately broke down and wiped out the clan, and the whole clan was slaughtered.

Under such ferocity and brutality, the Qiang people rebelled again, causing the second large-scale Qiang rebellion. This Qiang rebellion lasted until the period of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, until Liangzhou Sanming successively quelled the rebellion, and finally ended, and the military expenditure was 4.4 billion yuan, although the scale was not as good as the first Qiang rebellion, but it was also a heavy blow to the Eastern Han court.

In simple terms. The Han officials in Liangzhou were too cheating and bullying and suppressing the Qiang and other ethnic minorities, making the contradictions between the Han and the ethnic minorities too acute, and the two sides killed each other, resulting in turmoil and instability in Xiliang.

During the period of Emperor He, there were less than 500,000 Han people registered in Liangzhou, and even if the hidden households who were not naturalized were removed, they would not exceed one million at most.

And what about ethnic minorities such as Qiang, Di, Hu, and Man? There are millions of them. The officials of Liangzhou bullied and suppressed Qiang, but the Liangzhou army and Han people were inferior to the Hu people, so they were defeated by the Hu people.

Then the Eastern Han court sent a large army to expedition to Xiliang, which consumed a lot of finance. This repeated several times almost dragged down the Eastern Han court, and at the same time did not exterminate all the Hu people, and further deepened the contradictions between the Hu and Han.

Therefore, under such a turbulent background, the contradiction between the Qiang and Han is very large, and no one to solve such a contradiction The consequence is that the Western Jin Dynasty is chaotic, and the Hu people frantically hate the Han people and start bloody revenge.

And now that Shen Chen has come to Xiliang, it is natural to solve these problems as a top priority. He advocated Confucius

The saying that "the princes will raze it if they use the Yi ceremony, and if they enter China and enter China, it will be China" is not advocated

"If you enter the country, you will be in the summer, and if you enter the summer, you will be in the summer", but the national harmony advocated. If the officials of Liangzhou continue to adopt a hostile attitude towards the barbarians, then the two sides will continue to be hostile, and once Shen Chen launches the Northern Expedition, Cao Wei and the barbarians in the rear who are hostile to the Han people launch a rebellion, it is very likely to cause instability in the rear.

Therefore, he must seek stability and treat ethnic minorities as equals with a normal three-point view. Just as the fifty-six nations of later generations are one family.

Stable. It is the cornerstone of a country's development. Shen Chen continued: "I heard that when the Che Cai General was in Liangzhou, there were many attacks, so that Qiang Di rebelled a little? Pang Yu said: "There are indeed some, but it is also caused by Qiang's disobedience to the king." ”

"Hmm." Shen Chen said: "The policy should be changed, and since Liangzhou has been returned to the Han land, that is where the king's land is." Whether it is the wealthy family of Liangzhou or the Qiangdi tribe, they should obey Wanghua. This is the duty of the government, and it is also the purpose for His Majesty to send me to Liangzhou. If you want to raise an army to the Northern Expedition, you must first govern Hanzhong and Liangzhou, and from today on, you should follow the principle of equal treatment of Huayi, and there should be no discrimination or favoritism. If I picket that there are any more Han officials who despise the Yi people, so that the Yi people start a rebellion, they will be severely punished. ”

"Yui!" Everyone should be together. Then Deng Zhi asked: "Dudu, the reason for this rebellion of the Yi people is often not only that the Han officials discriminate against the Yi people, but also that the Yi tribe has always despised the court and oppressed the Han people, if you encounter such a thing, what should you do?" ”

"Humph!" Shen Chen said coldly: "Just as the Han people are also thieves and rebellions, you will treat them as thieves in rebellion, Han people can't bully Yi people at will, how can Yi people wantonly bully Han people?" If the leader of the tribe then kills the leader of the tribe, and if the whole tribe does this, he kills the whole tribe. But remember, the Zhu clan is not a last resort, if the clan is coerced by the leader, they should be pardoned, do you understand? ”

"Yui!" Again, the crowd should be. The contradiction between Hu and Han in Liangzhou set the tone before entering the city in the morning today.

That is, Hu and Han are equal, and the two sides must not hate or be hostile to each other. In principle, they are all Hermes-Epitek, and they should all be treated equally, and they should no longer be suppressed and exploited as before.

In fact, the number of Qiang in the Han Dynasty was in the millions, but by the time of the 56 ethnic groups in later generations, the traditional Qiang people were less than 300,000.

It is not that they were wiped out, but that for thousands of years, Hu and Han have fused with each other in the land of Liangzhou and Gansu, and they have long become Han people.

Therefore, ethnic integration is the trend, everyone does not distinguish between each other, as long as they accept each other's culture and customs, and respect each other's diet and living habits, then everyone is Chinese.

This is also the embodiment of China's enlightened ethnic policy and respect for the cultures of all ethnic groups in later generations.