"Dean, you said that everyone calls it 'contact' and 'catalyst', why is it called 'catalysis' in our academy, isn't it a bit too maverick?"

On an unknown afternoon, Cheng Nuo, as usual, set aside fifteen minutes after giving a lecture to the researchers in the School of Chemistry to answer questions and consolidate the foundation.

The stall is getting bigger and bigger, not to mention the alkali production in the front, the acid production in the back, just the current synthetic ammonia, each link needs a large number of chemical researchers, with the strength of Cheng Nuo and a few people, it is really a little stretched.

Moreover, ammonium sulfate (rhidium) is only the starting point of chemical fertilizers, not the end point.

In the future, whether it is to increase production and income, protect the environment, or fight Chilean saltpeter (the main ingredient is sodium nitrate, which is a natural raw material for refining fertilizers such as ammonia, potassium, sodium, sulfur and iodine), it is necessary to increase the types of chemical fertilizers.

In the final analysis, in addition to the weak chemical foundation, there is also a lack of a large number of chemical talents in China.

In addition to Cheng Nuo's own teaching, he also invited all kinds of chemical talents such as chemical masters and chemistry students to jointly compile chemistry textbooks and teach all kinds of chemical knowledge, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating students in batches.

Thinking about the later War of Resistance Against Japan, the little devil lost his conscience and used chemical weapons against our compatriots, Cheng Nuo's anger in his heart could not be suppressed, and he secretly planned what to do in advance.

Repay grievances with virtue, how to repay virtue, and repay grievances directly.

"Dean, Dean, Dean?"

"It's all Catalysis, isn't it 'contact action', why must it be called catalysis?"

Thinking that Cheng Nuo didn't hear clearly, the student deliberately repeated the question a few more times, and the curiosity in his eyes almost turned into water and flowed down.

"Ahem, because both of these words are too superficial to describe the reaction." The embarrassment on Cheng Nuo's face flashed, and then he cleared his throat and solemnly explained: "A catalyst is a substance that increases the reaction rate without changing the total standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction, and this process is called catalytic ......."

In the following time, Cheng Nuo explained the concepts of catalysis and catalysts one by one.

In fact, to really trace the application of catalytic technology, we have to mention winemaking technology.

China was one of the first countries in the world to master the technology of winemaking. At first, the ancients used liquor as a raw material and adopted the "chewing wine method", chewing rice into a pulp and fermenting it into wine using amylase in saliva. Later, people learned to catalyze sake brewing with koji, where koji is the catalyst, which is composed of substances such as starter and saccharifier.

The earliest written record of koji is "Shangshu Shuo Ming" "If you make wine liquor, you will only koji glutinous", in which "koji" refers to koji.

As far as China is concerned, it is currently recognized that the earliest winemaking technology originated in the Neolithic Age, which was the beginning of agriculture, about 5,000 years ago, and with the deepening of research, the origin of winemaking in China may be even older.

That is, the concept of using catalysts in our country has a history of 5,000 years.

It's a pity that like other technologies in ancient China, they only exist in reality and cannot rise to the level of natural science theories.

As for the concept of modern catalysis and catalysts, it was not until after the Industrial Revolution and with the development of modern chemistry that this theory was gradually enriched and perfected, and it was not until the end of the 20th century that it was formalized.

Cheng Nuo just taught the students about the revised concept of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Following the pulse of the development of modern chemistry, Cheng Nuo wrote on the blackboard:

"Taking the chemical phenomenon of the formation of unstable active intermediates during the reaction of halogen elements with hydrogen as an example, we can propose a chain reaction mechanism hypothesis, namely

Cl*+ H→ HCl + HCl *

HCl*+Cl→HCl+Cl* (* denotes excited molecule)

……”

Fortunately, the front is all fermented concepts, and these students in the audience can understand it.

But later, Cheng Nuo's brain power was fully opened, starting from some basic chemistry, and calculating the chain reaction mechanism, until the universal significance of its chain reaction mechanism was obtained.

When I finally threw down the chalk and looked back, I found that it was already dark, and I didn't even know when the moon had risen.

When I opened my eyes and looked closely, the students in the audience had already left, leaving Jiang Jiang Zuo and a few people sitting in the classroom.

In a trance, Cheng Nuo couldn't help but be a little disappointed.

After all, the proposal of this reaction mechanism can mark a new stage of development in the study of chemical kinetics, and the theory of free radical chain reaction makes the study of chemical kinetics from the general package reaction to the radical reaction that constitutes the total package reaction, that is, the transition from macroscopic reaction kinetics to microscopic reaction kinetics.

It was for this theory that two chemists were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1956.

Out of selfishness, Cheng Nuo did not intend to publish the theory in advance, and even had no intention of publishing it in his own "National" magazine, but it did not mean that Cheng Nuo would not teach it to others.

Selfishness is directed only at the great powers, not at their own compatriots.

But at the moment, there was not a single student in the classroom, and Cheng Nuo couldn't help but feel a little sad while he was excited about the successful derivation of the theory.

"These students don't value knowledge so much."

Jiang Zuo noticed the abnormality, hesitated for a while and said, "Zhiyuan, do you want to ask, why are there only a few of us in the classroom, and not a single student?" ”

Cheng Nuo pretended to be strong: "I didn't want to ask much, after all, when the calculation is later, not only is it more difficult to understand, but the chemical experiments in my mind can't be shared with students, and everyone will definitely leave if they don't understand. ”

Jiang Jiang Zuo sighed, raised his hand and pointed to the windows on both sides of the classroom, the glass was covered with students' heads.

It turned out that the students not only did not leave, but also filled both sides of the classroom, and even in order to see more carefully, some students did not hesitate to climb the tree and poke their heads into it.

Maybe he was excited to see Cheng Nuo find him, or maybe the tree was not strong in the first place, and the student fell directly from the tree before he moved twice.

Cheng Nuo was anxious to protect the students, and when he saw that the situation was not good, he quickly ran out to check what was going on.

Unexpectedly, before he ran to the door, Jiang Jiangzuo stopped him first.

"Zhiyuan, it's not that the students don't want to accompany you in the classroom, it's that we deliberately blocked them out of the door, so they can't get in."

"Why stop them, isn't it good for everyone to study together and discuss problems together?"

"It's for you!"

"For me?"

"Not to mention whether anyone will bother you during your calculations, but do you know how long you've been doing calculations?"

"How long?" Cheng Nuo already had a bad conjecture in his heart.

"Three days, three whole days!" Jiang Zuo's face flushed, and his tone was hurried and high: "For three whole days, you have been doing crazy calculations in front of this blackboard alone, chanting words in your mouth, and not drinking a sip of water in the middle, just like a crazy demon, if it weren't for the old Chinese medicine doctor to come to diagnose, we would have to stop you and dance a great dance to exorcise evil spirits!" ”

Hearing this, a huge sense of exhaustion instantly appeared on Cheng Nuo's body, thirsty and tired, the gongs and drums in his stomach were noisy, and his eyelids were red flags, and he was about to die.

In the end, as soon as the eyes are black, the person will soon die.

Jiang Zuo was still quick-eyed, and before he was about to fall, he took the first step to support him.

And Cheng Nuo was in a coma, before he fell asleep, when he had not completely lost consciousness, the last words he heard were: "Come and a few people, carry your dean to the bedroom, you, hurry up and boil some hot water, put some salt, sugar, ......"

……

I don't know how long it took, Cheng Nuo finally woke up from the bed slowly.

The hunger for days almost drove Cheng Nuo crazy, and the first step after getting up was not to put on clothes, but to immediately look for food.

Jiang Jiang Zuo and they had already taken this into account, and the bedroom table was full of all kinds of food, and when they looked closer, they were all hot.

"Lifu, they really have a heart, alas, they really can't bother too much, if they starve to death because of lethargy in the future, it will be too sad."

After taking a sip of water, I pursed my chapped lips and felt a little more refreshed.

Cheng Nuo suddenly found that there was still a stack of sticky notes on the table, on which were the concerns of students, comrades and friends about him, and Cheng Nuo's heart warmed.

However, there was one that successfully attracted Cheng Nuo's attention.

Hu ate Haisai to fill some stomachs a little, Cheng Nuo put on his clothes and immediately ran out, walked to a flower bed, stood on a high place and said loudly:

"Comrades, I remember that before I fell asleep, some students asked me why I had a relevant concept and deliberately introduced the word 'catalysis', is there such a thing?"

Seeing that the dean, who had not been seen for a long time, finally appeared, everyone was delighted, and they couldn't help but rekindle their curiosity about this topic.

"Dean, are you feeling better, why don't you rest again?"

"Yes, Dean, you haven't eaten for so long, let's eat something to recover first, we are not in a hurry about this problem."

"It's just, come down quickly, it's too dangerous."

Cheng Nuo waved his hand and paced on the flower bed by himself:

"First, as I said before, the specific concept of chemistry, whether it is 'contact' or 'catalyst', is too weak to support this concept, so we need to abandon it;

Second, which is the point I want to talk about today, that is, the naming of countries, in fact, the modern scientific concept we came from Japan, and the words "contact" and "catalyst" are both from Japanese, that is, Oriental foreign words, do you know what this means? ”

The quick-witted person was the first to answer: "Does it mean that our chemistry concepts are all learned from Japan?" ”

Cheng Nuo nodded, sighed and said: "Although I don't want to admit it, but in the face of the facts, we can't lie, whether it is the professional terminology of chemistry or the chemical system, we are copying Japan, eating what others chew leftovers, and walking the road that others have walked."

If we want to surpass Japan and go to the forefront of the world's disciplines, we must be independent, follow our own path, and establish our own discipline system, so that although we are slow, we are better than solid, step by step, and when we accumulate enough, our chemical achievements will completely explode and stand on top of the world.

In view of the confusion in the translation of scientific terms, I have decided to unify scientific terms as one of our main tasks in the future. Second, the pronunciation should be clear so that it can be spoken. ”

As soon as the call ended, everyone below was moved and eager to try.

Cheng Nuo paused and continued: "Comrades, at present, we are walking a road that no one has ever walked before, every step is to create history, and every step is also to create the future.

The so-called knowledge is valuable for exchange, and utility is interconnected. The force is strong by gathering, and the force is weak by dividing. If you don't have a voice, you should respond to the security fund. Don't unite, make up and ridicule. And when the national strength is exhausted, the neighbor is approaching, and it is in a hurry, but when it is afraid of the future, the social country is in urgent need of contribution! ”

In this way, under Cheng Nuo's arrangement, on the one hand, everyone was busy with the production of synthetic ammonia, and on the other hand, they also began to publicize chemical knowledge.

First of all, starting from the enlightenment and popularization of chemical knowledge, we will disseminate popular chemical knowledge to the Chinese people, and then promote academic research and exchanges, and finally build a bridge between scientific research and chemical enterprises, and promote the transformation of chemical science and technology into actual industrial productivity.

Of course, for the internal Academy of Sciences, Cheng Nuo is still willing to put down the capital, and every time there is new progress in internal research, he will take it out in time, so that comrades can learn and grow together.

Of course, productivity is also a complex system.

In this system, it is not only directly embodied in the productive forces, but also acts on other factors, such as improving the quality of laborers, promoting the progress of production tools and production processes, and expanding the sources and types of labor objects, thus becoming an important force for promoting social productive forces.

The chemical industry generally refers to the manufacturing industry in which chemical methods dominate the production process. This determines that the biggest feature of this discipline is that it not only needs the guidance of chemical theory, but also needs to apply the theory to practical production.

The chemical industry is the best embodiment of the combination of science and technology.

In this regard, Cheng Nuo is very good at transforming theoretical achievements into practical production results.

In the previous process of ammonia synthesis, a synthetic ammonia catalyst mixed with iron, alumina and potassium oxide was studied, but the newly developed catalyst was easily poisoned by harmful impurities in the raw gas and failed, so the synthesis reaction had high requirements for the purity of the raw gas.

In the process of preparing raw materials, the gas produced contains a lot of carbon monoxide.

How to remove harmful gases such as carbon monoxide from hydrogen has become an academic problem.

"Solve a problem, another problem arises, when is this a head." Speaking of which, Fan Xudong's head is a little big.

Cheng Nuo smiled and patted the other party's shoulder: "It is difficult to pass the pass, and the road ahead is long and bright, what is this, the solution of every problem means that the growth of our team has taken another step forward." ”

"But how do we solve this problem now?" Fan Xudong made a difficulty.

(End of chapter)