Chapter 149: The Book of Rites The Book of Rites of Great Qin
Look at the core issues.
At this time, the imperial court was doing three things.
First Census!
The first real estate registration!
For the first time, officials are raised regardless of class!
And just when the Xianyang Realm was in full swing.
Inside the propaganda compound.
There is also a major event that has far-reaching implications.
Knowledge is always in the hands of a few.
Because many times, when you put advanced knowledge in the hands of most people, you will also be discarded.
Moderate propaganda inside the compound.
Yingcheng stood on a place that was only more than three feet tall
Below.
It is tens of thousands of Confucian, legal, and agricultural students.
These people all have one distinct characteristic.
There is poetry and books in the belly!
After more than a month, these people seem to have settled down as if they had decided that the propaganda compound was the place where they would study and study next.
However.
Unbeknownst to these people, this is just the beginning for them.
All the propagandists, including Zhang Liang, Lu Jia, and Chi Songzi, stared curiously at Yingcheng on the stage.
I don't know what Yingcheng wants to do.
Yingcheng has never had the habit of talking nonsense, and he didn't care at all about what the official said, and when everyone was almost gathered, Yingcheng beckoned.
Suddenly.
Truckloads of books were pulled to the scene.
"Presumably, all of you are curious, what is the real intention of promoting the compound?"
"Some people may say, I should show my minions."
"I don't want to say anything more here."
"From now on, the collection of books in the propaganda compound is no longer open to you, here, there is a book on etiquette, you may wish to take a look, write it down, and understand it."
Listening to Yingcheng's speech, someone below immediately appeared dissatisfied.
For more than a month, everyone was immersed in the sea of books, and now they suddenly said that they couldn't read it, and naturally some people had opinions.
But at this time.
More people were staring at the wagons of books pulled by carriages.
"The real purpose of the propaganda compound is only now really emerging, what kind of books and Chinese dictionaries have been used before, they are just the beginning."
There is no shortage of people whispering, they have long known that the purpose of the propaganda compound is not simple, and when they saw Yingcheng's big move at this time, it was naturally linked to the purpose of their gathering in the propaganda compound.
And right under everyone's gaze.
Cartloads of books were pulled by horses and walked along the streets.
Distribute it to everyone in turn.
"Rites?"
"Rites?"
"Rites?"
There were one sound of surprise and confusion in the crowd.
I didn't understand what Yingcheng was going to do when he sent them such a book.
One by one, they stared blankly at the cover of the book, a huge word 'ceremony'.
However.
After the smart people got the 'gift' book, they have already begun to read the heavy gift book!
After Zhang Liang got the gift book, he frowned and flipped through it from the beginning.
It is no secret that paper is in the propaganda compound, and it is no secret that paper books can be called books carved out of a mold, and it is not surprising that there are many ritual books at this time.
What really surprised Zhang Liang was that he opened the book for the first time and saw a line of words.
"The courtesy of the world, what is the courtesy, the courtesy is not the system, regardless of dignity or inferiority, it should be the standard of morality, the person who obeys the etiquette is a person, and the person who is a person is protected and constrained by the law of the country."
A simple word.
made Zhang Liang's whole person freeze in place as if struck by lightning, staring at Yingcheng sitting firmly on the high platform with a shocked face.
The meaning of this sentence is too great and too heavy.
Even shocking!
It would be superficial to take this phrase only literally.
"What kind of book is this, it seems that I have never seen it, and who wrote it, look at this first sentence, what is the etiquette of the world, etiquette is not a system, it should not be judged by respect and inferiority, etiquette is the standard of morality, only those who follow etiquette are people, and those who do not follow etiquette are not people, and they are no longer protected and constrained by the law of the country, isn't this nonsense?"
A few Confucian scholars of the Sun family next to Zhang Liang couldn't help whispering, reading the content of the first page at a glance, and couldn't help complaining.
Prepare to abandon the book as if it were worthless.
"Hey!" Hearing this, Zhang Liang sighed softly, turned around and said: "Be cautious in your words and deeds, maybe from today onwards, in this world, Confucianism is not Confucianism, the law is illegal, there are only Qin rites, Qin laws, and even only Qin people!" ”
"In the Book of Rites, there is a saying in the sacrificial righteousness, 'The rites of the world are to the beginning, to the ghosts and gods, to the harmony and use, to the righteousness, and to the concession.' To the beginning of the opposite, to thicken its roots; To the ghosts and gods, to respect the above; For material use, in order to establish the people's discipline. To righteousness, then the upper and lower are not rebellious. To give way, to fight also. Combine these five to rule the world. Although there are strange evils, those who are not cured are insignificant. ’”
"And this is the gift of the world!"
"What is the ceremony, in the Zhou ceremony, it is to take the code system as the ceremony, there are both the heavenly official mound Zai, the local official Situ, the spring official Zongbo, the summer official Sima, the autumn official Sikou, and the winter pass examination work record. Six of them each have narrations, that is, there are records of the heavenly official mound,
'But the king built a palace to cover the square position, the country and the wilderness, and set up officials and duties, thinking that the people were extreme. It is to set up the heavenly official mound to slaughter, so that the commander of his subordinates and the rule of the state, with the left king of the country. The ruler's family: Dazai, Qing alone. Xiao Zai, two doctors. The butcher, four doctors, eight sergeants, and six sergeants out of ten......'"
"This is the Zhou Rite, the ritual of the system, which formulates the etiquette in order of the level of status, and orders the content of the authority in it."
"And now, etiquette is not a system, the real meaning of this sentence is to deny Zhou etiquette, and no longer take the system as the standard of etiquette."
"And my Confucian etiquette is based on the respect and humility of kings and ministers, fathers and sons, and whether they are respectful or inferior, it is no longer the standard of etiquette."
Hearing Zhang Liang's explanation, the surrounding Confucian students couldn't help but be frightened.
"How can this be, negate the Zhou rites, deny the Confucian rites, and dare to call the world courteous?"
After truly understanding, many Confucian scholars are furious in their hearts.
Zhang Liang suppressed everyone's doubts, shook his head and said, "What is the standard of etiquette, morality!" ”
"The meaning of morality can be traced back to the Tao Te Ching book written by Lao Tzu, 'The Tao is born, the virtue of animals, the form of things, and the form of instruments. It is to respect the Tao and honor all things. The dignity of the Tao, the nobility of virtue, the life of Fu Mo and the nature of the world'. ’
Later, Xunzi used the word "persuasion" in the article, "Therefore, learning is to be polite and stop, and the husband is the extreme of morality", which is the name of morality. ”
"What is a human being, 'A lifetime of learning is what makes a human being; If you abandon learning, you are no different from animals. "Shangshu" is a record of political affairs; "The Book of Songs", the ultimate in the sound of neutralization; The "Book of Rites" is the premise of the legal system and the general outline of various regulations, which can be regarded as reaching the peak of morality. ”
"If you interpret the meaning of this sentence, then it is!" Zhang Liang paused and said in a deep voice: "Reformulate etiquette, neither Zhou etiquette nor Confucian etiquette, but the etiquette of formulating moral standards, respect the standard of etiquette of the world, as long as you learn and understand the etiquette of the world, you will be a human being, and you can be protected and constrained by the laws of the Qin State." ”
Hearing Zhang Liang's explanation, many Confucian scholars around Zhang Liang frowned, setting off boundless turmoil.
Reformulating the rites of the world is a strange thing in the past.
No one expected that the Qin State would formulate the rites of the world.
You must know that the orthodoxy of the world's rites lies in Confucianism.
The etiquette of Confucianism is inherited from the Zhou rites, and since the first emperor ruled the world, their Confucianism of the Sun family is to integrate the rites of heaven and man in the "Yin Li", and combined with the theory of divine authority of the monarch, this has the concept of the central unification as the Son of Heaven.
In a real sense, the ritual of sacrifice originates from Yin, and the ritual of humility originates from Zhou.
But their Confucianism inherited the Zhou rites, and after the sorting and retelling of the sages of the past dynasties, this formed the Confucian rites!
But in any case, today's gifts are all based on Confucian rites, and the kings, ministers, fathers, sons, and sons are the gifts of the world.
Now.
This paper book of etiquette is resetting the standard of etiquette.
However, this is only secondary.
"Heaven, earth, king, dear, teacher!"
"Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith!"
"Gentle, kind, courteous, humble, let!"
"Loyalty, filial piety, honesty, shame, bravery!"
One after another, the Confucian scholars stared at the content of the two crosses on it with their eyes.
It was as if the soul had been hit in a flash.
For a while, one by one, I stared at the simple, easy-to-understand two crosses, and I was stunned in place.
Zhang Liang in the crowd swallowed a breath of cool air.
It felt like a mighty gift was about to break out of the paper and manifest in front of him.
Two crosses.
There are only two crosses.
But he felt that these 20 words were comparable to a book of etiquette.
All the expositions of Confucianism on etiquette are overshadowed in front of these two crosses.
"It's too one-sided, it's too one-sided, the first time I saw these two crosses, I realized that the Confucian rites are so one-sided!"
"And this is the real ceremony!"
Zhang Liang whispered, as one of the top leaders of Confucian scholars, no one is better than him in terms of knowledge.
Don't talk about all kinds of Confucian classics, even if they are all kinds of classics in the world, such as Guanzi and Tao Te Ching, he is familiar with them.
But that's exactly what happened.
Seeing these twenty rites at this time, it made him feel like an epiphany.
Seems...... These 20 gifts are the real gifts of the world.
"Heaven, the master of the world's blessings and woes, the ruler of nature, the law of heaven, the blessing of all beings, the exchange of heaven and earth, the sun and the moon, the division of day and night, the alternation of the four seasons, should be feared, there are gods and ghosts, should be feared, there are wind, rain, thunder and lightning, should be feared, there are sacrifices, should be feared, people in this are ascended to heaven after death, should be feared, the ancestors have spirits, should be feared, and so on, should be feared."
"The earth, the five grains and six animals, born and raised in the earth, all living beings, born and raised in the ground, virtuous to carry things, should be feared, there are all things, should be feared, there are mountains, rivers and rivers, should be feared, there are forests, tidal flats, should be feared, there are feng shui yin and yang, should be feared, and so on, should be feared."
"Jun, since the beginning of Fuxi Nuwa, the people of China live in the descendants of Yan and Huang, through Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Zhou Gong and other Ming monarchs, to the first emperor and the emperor, passed down through the ages, from the time of the reckless era of Ru Mao drinking blood to the Chinese civilization and even human civilization, since the beginning of China, respect the king as the Chinese patriarch, under the leadership of the Chinese patriarch, the Chinese civilization has gone through the era of using stone as a tool, not covering the body, drilling wood for fire, slash and burn, and has gone through the era of summer rites, heavenly rites, system rites, and chaotic rites, and finally at the time of the first emperor, unified China and was the patriarch of ChinaI think that the king who is respected by all the people of the world, under the leadership of the king, will surely go through all eternities and even ten thousand eternity, so that my Chinese people can live a better life, and my Chinese civilization will go to a more distant place. ”
"Dear, since the land of China has not been decided, the father is unknown, the old, strong, and young generations, the mother and son are intimate, and they are matrilineal; Since the women of the land of China have entered the men's farming, the organization is dominated by men, the father and son are close, and the family is the patriarchal line; Since men are the mainstay, the organization of a clan, the intimacy of blood, the distance and kinship, for the family lineage; There are ancestors, and after the ancestors, the great-great-grandfathers and grandfathers and fathers and sons and grandsons and Xuanzeng, there are grandfathers and grandmothers, grandfathers and grandmothers, fathers and aunts, brothers and sisters, children and nieces, and this is the father and son, the father, the mother, the wife, the clan is the same clan, and the family is the family. ”
"Teacher, preaching and teaching to solve doubts as a teacher, people are not born to know, how to have no doubts, if there are doubts, you should follow the teacher to learn, the teacher should answer the doubts for the students, the students should not choose the master because of the distance and proximity, the teacher should not choose the student because of the distance and proximity; Three people with different professions are together, and they are not good at it, and those who are good at it can be teachers; Students should respect teachers as much as their elders respect, and teachers should love students as much as they love their children. ”
"Benevolence, treating people and things with kindness,......
Reciting the vast Twenty Rites Chief.
Zhang Liang was like opening a door.
I understood what kind of etiquette it was.
Twenty salutes.
There is no broad generalization.
Instead, the twenty words were taken apart and all of them were interpreted.
What kind of behavior is in the category of 'benevolence', and what kind of behavior is in the category of 'righteousness'.
The word-for-word explanation is clear and clear.
"Color, color, color!"
Zhang Liang couldn't help but cheer three times in a row, gushing out from the bottom of his heart.
The Book of Rites, Zhou Rites, Mencius, Rites and many other rituals have explanations about rituals.
But.
There is no book on etiquette that explains the etiquette of the world so clearly and thoroughly, and explains it so clearly.
Again.
Zhang Liang looked up at Yingcheng, who was sitting steadily.
There were turbulent waves in my heart.
He now finally understands that in the face of the complex thoughts of many Confucian students, agricultural students, and law students, Yingcheng's determination from beginning to end came from.
Book of Gifts!
Yes, the Book of Rites!
This book summarizes the content of almost all rituals such as Xia Li, Yin Li, Zhou Li, Confucian Li, and Dharma Li, and expounds the entire world etiquette with the 20 rites as the core.
What's more.
This book of rites is not something to be put on the shelf.
It is really easy to understand, easy to circulate in all levels today, not a family prevails, and it is a thing that can truly pass through the world.
This is where the real confidence lies.