After breakfast, he often walked to the top of the hill with the old man in his arms.

Looking around, at this time, the sun is rising, the mountain breeze is fresh, the insects and birds can be heard in the ears, there is quite a bit of "knot in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses", it is really a good environment suitable for self-cultivation.

The old man said: "If you are a student of history, you should know that history is not credible, or that history is credible, and history books are not credible." ”

Chang Xian nodded silently.

The old man's words could not be refuted.

Many experts say that it is not in line with historical facts to watch less dramas.

What they didn't say was, what is in line with historical facts?

History?

This is just a joke, some history books and those jokes, legends, and romances are actually the same improper.

The history books here are talking about the official history, that is, the twenty-four histories.

To put it mildly, some so-called canonical histories are much more harmful than divine dramas.

Because, the drama will tell others that it is a spoof, but the history books will tell you that it is true.

It's like you buy a box of tonic from a century-old brand, and it turns out that it's Heding Red.

Is it true?

Is Emperor Yang of Sui really so mediocre?

Is the big stupid Emperor Jin Hui really that stupid?

Is Wei Zheng, a loyal minister, really so loyal?

Don't talk about the funny comparison of Qian Shiquan, let's just say that Kang Mazi, the "Holy Ancestor", in another time period, how much better is he really than the old witch Cixi?

Yaksa, Nebuchu, 100,000 troops with a hundred Cossack bandits were helpless, opening the precedent of the Manchu "treaty dynasty".

That's it, St.

Under the country's decline, Cixi defeated France, the world's largest power at the time, and thwarted Tsarist Russia to recover the new . Border.

Without these two battles, Guangxi and Xin. Who is the Xinjiang Society?

Without these two battles, I really thought that the crow. A piece of war ended in a hurry?

Are the robbers who colonize the world so merciful?

In that era when men were superior to women, I really thought that I could play a palace fight to kill Si Chen, and the mother of the world?

Hehe!

History objectively exists, but history books are not equal to history.

Because history books are recorded by historians.

Historians are people.

If you are a man, you have to eat.

The quality of history books depends on the quality of the historians, and the quality of the historians depends on the quality of the bowl of rice.

The historian of the third dynasty of the Xia and Shang dynasties was called Taishi, and he was a high-status minister of the imperial court.

He is in charge of drafting documents, ordering princes and doctors, recording historical events, and taking charge of classics, calendars, sacrifices, etc.

The major affairs of the country are only worship and Rong.

"Hanshu Guangwu Ji" notes: "The chief of the historian."

Until the Han Dynasty, Taishi was a very important official in the government sequence.

Because of this, the credibility of historical books before the Han Dynasty is still very high.

Because the previous historians continued with family inheritance, regarded it as a career and belief, and firmly believed that they were adhering to the righteousness of heaven and earth.

For example, what Wen Tianxiang said in "Song of Righteousness": "In Qi Taishi Jian, in Jin Dong Hubi." ”

The history of Qi Tai, my bones of China.

During the reign of Qi Zhuang, the minister Cui Zhu killed the king.

Qi Taishi wrote straight: "Cui Zhu killed his king." ”

The weapon of criticism can't do the criticism of the weapon, so Cui Zhu killed Qi Taishi.

Taishi's two younger brothers also truthfully recorded that they were all killed by Cui Zhu.

Cui Zhu was already very nervous at this time, and threatened Taishi's third brother: "Your two elder brothers are dead, aren't you afraid of death?" You must write as I ask, and write the death of Zhuang Gong as a violent illness and death. ”

Taishi's third brother, Zhengse, replied: "It is the duty of a historian to write directly, and it is better to die if you are derelict in your duty to survive." If I don't write it, not only will I not be able to cover up your guilt, but I will become a laughing stock for the ages. ”

Cui Shu had nothing to say, so he had to let him go.

Taishi's third brother came out and met Nanshi's Zhijian.

Nan Shi thought that he had also been killed, and he had come to continue writing about it.

Criticism with the weapon of criticism is the historian.

After the Han Dynasty, the position of historian gradually declined, and gradually it became just a profession to earn a living.

Just to have a full meal, who can hold up their necks and let the gold lord cut off his head, cut off his father and cut off his brother? Chop yourself and your colleagues and then let people cut it?

Don't be funny.

So Qi Taishi can only live on Jane.

Therefore, the so-called historians of later generations were completely reduced to domestic slaves who could only whitewash the emperor's family.

To put it bluntly, most of the so-called historians in later generations were royal favorites and courtiers.

Don't say anything about Ji Da cigarette pouch, it's a little disgusting.

Let's just say Qin Hui.

Qin Hui has always been the prime minister and the leader of the "supervision of the history of the country", "the position of the chief and the handle of the Dong pen", and assigned his adopted son Qin Xi to edit the calendar and records of the chronicle of the history of the Southern Song Dynasty, and did his best to tamper with the historical facts.

Qin Hui's "The Biography of Yue Fei", do you dare to believe it?

How credible can the history books written by such people be?

……

There are history books for the history of the country and the nation, and there are epitaphs for the history of the individual.

But just as history books are not credible, so are epitaphs.

Epitaph is a combination of the two genres of epitaph and inscription.

Ming Xu Shizeng's "Stylistic Distinction Preface Epitaph": "Those who have aspirations remember also." The name is also named. ”

Zhi is to record the life deeds of the deceased, and the inscription is to praise the merits and virtues of the deceased.

The vast majority of epitaphs are written by family members at great expense.

Because of this, after the epitaph is written, it must first be approved by the relatives and friends of the deceased, and if they do not approve, something will happen.

Ouyang Xiu's epitaph for Fan Zhongyan is a typical public case, such as Ye Mengde's "Summer Retreat" and other Song people's notes record this matter.

I won't talk about the original text, it is roughly because Fan Zhongyan offended Prime Minister Lu Gong, and was stabbed by Lu from behind, and he was far from the Three Gorges for many years.

Later, the two staged a reconciliation, Fan Zhongyan himself said that he had no resentment against anyone in his life, and he also wrote "Resolving Hatred with Lu Gong" for this matter, and the article was also included in Fan Zhongyan's anthology.

It stands to reason that this matter is a real hammer, and the testimony of the parties is complete and there is no doubt, so Ouyang Xiu used this version to write the epitaph.

But what he didn't expect was that Fan Zhongyan's son Fan Chunren thought otherwise, and clearly objected, saying that his father had not resolved his revenge until he died.

After repeated arguments, Fan Chunren insisted on deleting this episode from the article when he carved the monument.

This move made Ouyang Xiu eager to point at Fan Chunren and scold his mother, you just hope that your father is a special hypocrite?

This incident also caused Ouyang Xiu to no longer trust the epitaph evaluation characters.

Its "Collection of Ancient Records" and "Bai Minzhong Tablet" cloud: "It is difficult to believe that it is so discredited, so the rest of the monument only takes its life, official life, and township as the right, as for the merits and demerits, good and evil, those who have not tasted it are also based on this." ”

"It's hard to believe the reputation", this is Ouyang Xiu's evaluation of the epitaph.

Let's take a look at the participants in this public case, Fan Zhongyan, Lu Gong, Ouyang Xiu, and Fan Chunren.

They are all a generation of celebrities, with an excellent reputation, and can be called the top lineup of moral articles.

Don't get me wrong, Fan Chunren, who seems to have played the villain, is not an unscrupulous descendant, he is also a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, the official is older than his father, and he is known as the "Prime Minister of Buyi".

Moreover, his reputation is excellent, and he treats people easily and loyally, and his famous words are: "But if you blame yourself with the heart of others, and forgive others with the heart of forgiveness, you will not suffer from the status of a sage." ”

Epitaphs produced by such a top lineup are not credible, but what about the others?

You go for the tasting.

Taste carefully.