81 Zhang Qian through the Western Regions

However, it was said that the Dayue clan who moved west had a feud with the Xiongnu, but there was no one to help. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to communicate with the Western Regions, unite with the Dayue clan to attack the Xiongnu, and "cut off the right arm of the Huns". In 139 BC, Zhang Qian led more than 100 entourages, guided by the father of the Xiongnu Tangyi, from Chang'an to the Western Regions, and westward into the Hexi Corridor. This area has been completely controlled by the Xiongnu since the Yueshi moved westward. When Zhang Qian and his entourage hurried through the Hexi Corridor, they unfortunately encountered the Huns' cavalry, and they were all captured. The Hun cavalry immediately escorted Zhang Qian and others to the military minister Shan Yu at that time. After the military minister Shan Yu learned that Zhang Qian wanted to send an envoy to the Yue clan, he stepped on his envoy and asked loudly: The Yue clan is in the north of our country, why did the Han have to make an envoy? I want to make Yue, Hanken listens to me? In other words, the Han envoy wanted to send an envoy to Yueshi through the Xiongnu region. Just as the Xiongnu envoys wanted to pass through the Han region to the Yue Kingdom in the south. Is it possible? Zhang Qian didn't speak, just silently picked up the envoy on the ground and hugged it in his arms. The military minister Shan Yu detained Zhang Qian and his party and put him under house arrest.

In order to soften and win over Zhang Qian and dispel his idea of sending an envoy to the Yue clan, the military ministers carried out all kinds of coercion and temptation, but they did not achieve their goals. Zhang Qian "did not dishonor the king's life" and "did not lose the Han Festival", never forgot the sacred mission entrusted to him by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and stayed in the Xiongnu for ten years. Zhang Qian's character was affirmed by the Xiongnu Shan Yu, and a beautiful woman of the Xiongnu was married to Zhang Qian, who gave him great warmth in Zhang Qian's more than ten years of Xiongnu life.

In 129 BC, the surveillance of the Xiongnu was gradually relaxed, and Zhang Qian took advantage of the unpreparedness of the Xiongnu to escape from the Xiongnu control area with his wife, children and retinue. Due to the hasty escape, the material preparation was insufficient. Zhang Qian and his entourage slept in the open and prepared for hardships. On the Great Gobi Desert, the heat wave of flying sand and rocks is rolling; The green ridge is as high as a roof, and the ice and snow are covered with cold wind. The route is sparsely populated and water is scarce. When the dry food was exhausted, he relied on his father, who was good at shooting, to shoot birds and beasts to satisfy his hunger. Many of his followers died of hunger and thirst. After Zhang Qian arrived in Dawan, he explained to King Dawan his mission to Yueshi and various encounters along the way, hoping that Dawan could send someone to send him off, and said that if he could return to the Han Dynasty, he would definitely show that the Han Emperor would give him a lot of money and goods. King Dawan had long heard about the wealth of the Han Dynasty in the East, and wanted to communicate with the Han Dynasty, but he was unable to achieve it due to the hindrance of the Xiongnu. The unexpected arrival of the Han envoy made him very happy, and Zhang Qian's words made him even more tempted, so he agreed to Zhang Qian's request, and after warm hospitality, he sent guides and interpreters to send Zhang Qian and others to Kangju, and the king of Kangju sent people to send them to Da Yue's clan.

Unexpectedly, at this time, the Dayue people changed their attitude because the new land was very fertile and rich in products, and it was far away from the Xiongnu and Wusun, and the danger of foreign enemies harassing them had been greatly reduced. When Zhang Qian suggested to them, they had no intention of taking revenge on the Xiongnu. Moreover, they believed that the Han Dynasty was too far away from the Yueshi, and if they jointly attacked the Xiongnu, it would be difficult to help them in case of danger. Zhang Qian and others stayed in Yueshi for more than a year, but they were never able to persuade the Yueshi people to form an alliance with the Han Dynasty to flank the Xiongnu. During this period, Zhang Qian crossed the concubine water and went south to reach the Lan City in Great Xia. It was not until the first year of Yuan Shuo that he left to return to China. When they arrived in Chang'an, Zhang Qian and his entourage were left with only his father, himself and his beloved woman. Zhang Qian's return brought countless surprises to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Zhang Qian was specially named the doctor of Taizhong, and his father was awarded the title of "Feng Envoy Jun" in recognition of their achievements. Seeing that her husband finally fulfilled her wish, Zhang's wife also felt a great honor. But in the second year after Zhang Qian's return, his Xiongnu wife died. Although she is far away from home, she has left an indelible mark on her husband's heart.

However, it is said that there is a Wusun country in the west of the Xiongnu, and it is a subordinate of the Xiongnu. At that time, the king of Wusun was called Kunmo. Kun Mo's father was killed by Yuedi, Kun Mo was still young, and fled from the bereaved retain, and went to find food on the way, hiding Kun Mo in the grass, the wolf was the milk, and the Wu was fed, and the cloth knew that he was not a mortal, but defected to the Huns. By Kunmo Changcheng, the Xiongnu had broken through the Yuedi, beheaded the king of Yuedi, and the rest of the Yuedi went west, according to the land planted. Kun Mo took revenge and borrowed the Huns to knock the remnants of Yuedi away. Yuedi migrated to Great Xia and rebuilt the Great Yuedi Kingdom. All the homeland was occupied by Kunmo, who still called himself the Wusun Kingdom, and the horses gradually became stronger, and he did not want to do anything more about the Huns. The Xiongnu just fought with the Han Dynasty for many years, had no time to look westward, and was defeated by the Wei and Huo armies, the Xiongnu were even more unprecedented, not only the Wusun Kingdom, but also the Western Regions, the former Xiongnu were the co-masters, so far they have also disintegrated, each with different intentions. Emperor Wu heard about this and ordered Zhang Qian to go west as the Zhonglang general. Zhang Qian entered the court and said: "Your Majesty sent his ministers to the west, it is best to marry the king of Wusun first, recruit the hometown of the former evil king, order the right arm of the Xiongnu to be cut off, and make peace with him, then the countries west of Wusun will hear the wind and return to their fate, and they will all be foreign ministers." "Emperor Wu is good at vain fame, but he teaches Yi people to be ministers, and he does not hesitate to pay attention to his children. Therefore, Zhang Qian led a crowd of 300 people, 600 horses, 10,000 cattle and sheep, and tens of thousands of gold silks to Wusun. Kun Mo, the king of Wusun, came out to meet him, and Zhang Qian conveyed the order of Emperor Wu to give all things, and Kun Mo sat and did not worship. Zhang Qian was ashamed to see him so arrogant, so he said to Kun Mo: "The Son of Heaven has sent a messenger from afar to give the king many things, and if the king refuses to accept them, please bring them back." "Kun Mo was greedy for Han things, so he bowed twice.

Zhang Qian lived in Wusun for a while, and Kunmo sent an envoy to escort Zhang Qian back to China, repaying him with dozens of horses. Zhang Qian reported back to Emperor Wu, and Emperor Wu was overjoyed when he saw that the horse offered by Wusun was very majestic.

However, it is said that there is a new wild man in Henan named Profiteering, who is full of crimes, and one day he occasionally passes by the waterside of Wuwa, and sees a group of wild horses coming to the river to drink water from a distance. Profiteering long watched, and there was a horse born with a majestic posture and abnormal health. The profiteering chief had never seen this horse before. I thought that if I offered him to the Son of Heaven, I would be appreciated, not only forgive, but also invited. The profiteering chief was pondering, only to see the horse galloping away after drinking, its speed was like the wind, and the horses could not catch up with it, and the profiteering chief waited for a long time before returning.

The next day, the profiteering chief was working in the field as usual, and he was reluctant to recall what he had seen yesterday, so he came to the river and waited, hoping to meet the horse again. After a while, the horse arrived with the herd, and waited for several days. The profiteer suddenly realized a method, made a clay figure similar to his own figure, placed it next to the water, and put the tripwire into the clay figure's hand to let it hold. When Gunma arrived, he saw the clay man and walked forward, but because the clay man did not move, he still went to the same place to drink water and slowly led away. The profiteering chief moved the clay figurine, pretended to be a clay figurine, and stood on the waterfront with a tripwire in his hand. How does Gunma know about profiteering and trickery? Drink water where you are. The profiteering chief did not move, but his eyes were fixed on the good horse, and when he was drinking, he stepped forward and first stumbled the tripwire on his hind feet, and the horse was taken aback by surprise, and turned his head and left, and the horses were also scattered. The profiteering chief desperately insisted on the tripline, and let the horse drag and roll on the ground, but he didn't let go. The horse was strangled by a stumbling rope and could not run wildly. After everyone saw that the profiteering was successful, they hurried to the scene, and finally subdued the horse and brought it back with joy.

The profiteering chief decided to dedicate it to the Son of Heaven. Then he thought, "If I tell the truth, it is nothing but a wild horse, and it must be exaggerated to make it appear to be a miraculous thing." The profiteer then reported to the magistrate that the horse was born in the water of Wowa, and that he had seen it grazing from time to time, and that he had tried to capture it and sacrifice it to the Son of Heaven. The magistrate heard about Emperor Wu according to the situation and sent someone to send Ma to Beijing. Emperor Wu is a good horse, and when he saw that this horse was really true, he ordered it to be fed in the imperial stable. This horse was born fat and large, and traveled thousands of miles a day and ran eight hundred nights. It is said to be the legendary Pegasus. Later generations have poems to praise and say:

There is a wornhole in the sand mountain god pool,

Nine days and a crescent moon fall.

If you wait for the grass to green three thousand times,

Wawa Pond Pegasus.

Profiteering and grabbing horses are naturally exempted, and they also get a lot of benefits.