"Since everyone has been facing these problems, how should they be solved?" Captain Jeska asked earnestly.

"I do have an idea, but if I say it, I guess many people will have to think of me as a heretic." Guo Kang smiled and said, "Let's talk about it, I'm just talking about my own wild thoughts." Even if it's outrageous, don't blame me. ”

"If we had cared about this heretical hat, we wouldn't have quarreled so much with the Catholic church." Captain Jeska also smiled bitterly: "Now we ask you, how can you still be picky." ”

"yes." Tuhuan also nodded: "You may not know that it didn't take long for them to call us heretics for the first time. At that time, my uncle and grandfather wrote to my grandfather overnight, happily saying that this was a major military and diplomatic victory......

"Why do you say that?" Zhu Wenkui said curiously.

"We weren't thought to be heretics before." Tuohuan told him: "Before that, many people in Catholicism always thought that we were not worshipping God at all, and they slandered us for making a mess of religion together, changing the skin, and making it. To be able to say that we are heretics means that we are at least acknowledging that we are worshipping God. It's really not easy, if it weren't for our expedition to Naples at that time, I guess we wouldn't even have it. ”

"That's ......" Zhu Wenkui understood.

"You don't even know beforehand, do you?" Tang Sai'er asked him in a low voice, "Don't you believe this?" Didn't you even ask before you wrote it? It's not a mess. ”

"I understand what these are doing, and it's not up to anyone to admit it." Zhu Wenkui disagreed: "When my mother first came here, she was physically and mentally exhausted by the bumps along the way, and found that there was a Bodhisattva here who saved suffering and saved sins. She has always believed in Buddhism, so she went to worship every day, so I went with her. ”

"I don't think it's a big deal. On the contrary, the gods and Buddhas of Western Europeans are very strange, saying that they don't let people worship their ancestors. He reminded in a low voice, "Didn't you notice something wrong?" How can a bodhisattva teach people to be unfilial? ”

"I heard that after the Sima clan usurped the throne, because they couldn't find any other reason to be loyal, they brought out the most basic 'filial piety', and as a result, they engaged in a lot of outrageous filial piety deeds, and even the ancients at that time felt that it was too exaggerated and couldn't stand it. It can be seen that there is no way to do this. However, Europeans even have to abandon filial piety, which is not as good as Sima's in comparison, how can this be the right way? ”

"I think there's definitely something in there. Even if I met them first, I wouldn't have worshipped them casually. He said firmly.

Tang Sai'er could understand this and nodded. Zhu Wenkui also hurriedly turned his head to Guo Kang and said, "You continue, I don't have any problem." ”

"Neither do we." Captain Jaska also emphasized again: "You can speak first. ”

"That's what I thought." Guo Kang said: "We all admit that the level of corruption of the Catholic Church is indeed very worrying, and our various programs, and even the efforts of the sages of the past, are looking for countermeasures to this phenomenon. There's nothing wrong with that, right? ”

"Yes, we agree with that, too." Captain Jaska nodded.

"As long as an organization is built by people, it will be corrupted, and there is nothing wrong with that, right?" Guo Kang continued to ask.

"I don't think there's a problem. No matter how good the original intention is, no matter how noble the founder himself is, this will be the case. Captain Jaska also nodded in agreement again: "This kind of thing is probably inevitable." ”

"Are you so pessimistic?" One of the monks said in surprise.

"It's not pessimistic...... Maybe I've seen a lot. Captain Jeska hesitated, "You know, I had a good relationship with several Franciscan priests before, so I know a little bit about them. ”

"What's wrong with them?" Zhu Wenkui said curiously.

"Their congregation was also to oppose the corruption of the church at that time." "Actually, in the 11th century, during the Cluny movement, the clergy proposed many reforms, some of which were successful. But just over a hundred years later, these old problems have reappeared. ”

So, the saint Francis stood up and advocated imitating the heavenly brother of the past and living a life of hardship. Maintain the purity of the faith by staying away from the world. In order to follow Brother Tian wholeheartedly, he and his followers donated all their property to the poor, and did not purchase property in the organization, but only lived on the charity and begging of others. In this way, I hope to avoid taking the route of accumulating money like some other religious organizations. Because they all carry begging bowls, they are also called dervishes. ”

"It's so late to learn Buddhism." Zhu Wenkui showed a clear expression: "But as soon as you say that, I will know the ending." ”

"yes. Need I tell a few abbot jokes? Tang Sai'er also said happily.

"A little bit of self-respect, a little bit of self-respect. You are a girl's family, don't talk about this kind of ...... Bad stuff. Zhu Wenkui hurriedly stopped.

"Then you didn't listen to it, otherwise how would you know that it was not good?" Tang Sayer asked rhetorically.

“……”

Zhu Wenkui couldn't answer again.

"Wait, what's the abbot?" Captain Jaska asked, confused.

"That's it...... Abbot of Buddhism. Guo Kang told him.

"Oh, that must be the story of a young Buddhist monk." Captain Jeska stroked his beard with a look of surprise.

"How come he knows everything?" Zhu Wenkui said in surprise.

"Explain the monasteries of different religions, the situation is probably similar." Guo Kang said with a smile.

"Alright, alright." Tuhuan hurriedly stopped them from diverting the topic: "This is the kind of situation I said before." No matter how noble the character of the founder, no matter how great the goal, he cannot escape the end of the death of the people. When he died, it was time for people to honor him as a saint and abandon his teachings. ”

"The story of St. Francis is more ironic than this." Captain Jeska shook his head: "Maybe the level of Europe is not as good as yours...... In short, while he was still alive, his organization began to split, and he didn't wait for the people to die. ”

"It is said that Francis himself was a very optimistic and open-minded man, who loved nature, longed for freedom, and always maintained a positive attitude. In his opinion, even the congregation itself is unnecessary, because there is no need to pay attention to the distinction between clergy and laity, and there is no need to establish a strict formal organization. It was only later that the number of followers grew, and they could only register with the Pope and be officially converted. But Francis himself did not like the constraints of the rules, and went out to preach himself. ”

"He went to the East and tried to preach to the Sultan of Egypt. The Sultan refused to accept it, but he did not embarrass him and allowed him to return to Italy safely. However, after returning home, Francis found that the order had split during the time he left. ”

Although Francis made it a rule that his followers should work with their hands and beg when necessary, many could not stand the suffering. At that time, Pope Innocent III was one of the most powerful popes of all time. After the Franciscans were converted, they were directly under the jurisdiction of the Pope, which was conducive to helping the Pope deal with the local Church and achieve centralization, so it was favored by him. ”

A group of monks soon obtained a lot of money and built splendid churches, where they did not wander and beg, but only read and studied the scriptures in the churches. These people are called 'hospitalists'. Others are still clinging to Francis' rules, insisting on living in poverty, and are called 'law-abiding factions'. Instead, they were ostracized by the church and became a minority. ”

"Francis is unhappy about this, but the hospitalization faction is too powerful. Everyone acts under his banner, but they don't take his own opinion seriously, even if he is still alive, it is useless. In a fit of rage, Francis simply left the congregation alone, wanting to find a new way and rebuild the congregation with the Legalists. However, the Legalists placed too much emphasis on spirituality and engaged in mysticism, and many of them were extreme, even the anti-rational Aquinas theology, which did not meet his expectations. ”

In his later years, St. Francis remained optimistic and tried his best to help the poor. But his closest 'little brothers' were martyred in the mission. The remaining two groups of people did not have an appetite for him. Eventually, he himself began to pursue spirituality, leaving behind stories such as stigmata and the Son of the Cave. And these have become new miracles. ”

"I always feel that this one is a bit miserable...... Zhu Wenkui commented.

"It's not bad, after all, he's always been optimistic. However, the saints may have been like this to some extent. Captain Jeska scratched his head and said, "Historically, this kind of thing has happened more than once. ”

"yes." Guo Kang also nodded sympathetically.

Actually, not to mention before, even the Hussites themselves, it was all like this.

Some of Father Hussite's followers were mainly upper-class and wealthy citizens, with a more moderate attitude, known as the "Holy Grails". Other radicals, who were predominantly from the lower classes, were called "Taborists". As for Jaska himself, although he is often seen as one of the leaders of the Tabors, he is actually the other party.

Jeska thought that some of the Taborites were too extreme, such as the Taborists' thirst for revenge and often killing all their captives after battle, but Jeska opposed this method and often restrained the soldiers and treated the captured enemy kindly. After a long time, by his side, a group of close comrades-in-arms gathered.

Later, when Jeska herself fell ill and died in the army, these people were so grieved that they called themselves orphans who had lost their fathers. As a result, this group of people is also known as the "Orphan Army" and is seen as a separate faction. Militarily, however, they operated alongside the Taborists.

After Jeska's death, there was also a split within the Hussites. The Holy Grail faction wanted to compromise with the HRE, and in turn tried to eliminate the other opponents. In the civil war, the Taborites and the Orphan Army were also exterminated. And the Holy Grail Sect actually lost its role and collapsed with it. Their successor was an organization known as the "Bohemian Brotherhood".

One of the more interesting phenomena is that in Europe, those who advocate equality, oppose private property, and advocate collective life are often those who advocate peace. In fact, the Taborites advocated equality and religious tolerance while training their troops on a daily basis.

As early as Jeska was still around, there were voices within the Hussites against the war. A priest named Helzisky openly cursed war and advocated opposition to all means of violence.

Fr. Helziski also advocates equality and opposes the disparity between rich and poor, but he believes that this equality should not be achieved through any coercive measures. All state powers, with their various organizations, are evil and blasphemous, because it is the state that causes the difference in status and property.

Therefore, the priest believes that a true believer should not be involved in any state affairs, hold any public office, and should not make any requests to the state, its courts, its governments. If everyone ignores the state, the goal of making the country die will be achieved. In the same way, one should not resort to any coercive means, even to force others to do good deeds. Because this kind of behavior is no different from the tyrannical state apparatus.

Father Helzisky and his disciple Friar Grigory, among others, advocated the abandonment of active resistance in favor of the establishment of organizations that were separated from the state, achieving equality within the organization, prohibiting the gap between the rich and the poor, and relying on mutual aid to maintain a simple life. Therefore, they also objected to the way of the Taborists, believing that they were also organizing armies, committing violence and establishing states, which were as bad as the nobles.

During the war, this faction had little presence. It's not that their theories are unpopular – in fact, this line of thinking has been one of the mainstays of worship in Europe since ancient times. It's just that they reject violence, but the enemy doesn't want to.

Christians who advocate peace are vulnerable to persecution and massacre by the HRE. Even Father Helziski himself could only write in a small town under the control of the Taborists. However, with the defeat and decline of the Taborists, this faction arose.

In the early years, they were also suppressed, but as this moderate doctrine spread widely, a group of upper echelons of society also expressed their intention to join. According to the original rules, those who joined the fraternity were to give up their property and status and maintain an equal environment for all, but this was unacceptable to the upper echelons.

For this reason, the brotherhood will have a split. Some people advocate keeping the previous strict rules, but many more believe that they can be relaxed moderately. In the end, the moderates prevailed, stipulating that people could hold public office, participate in wars, and even engage in business for profit as a last resort. Even the responsibility to help the members of the organization is no longer mandatory.

The stricters are very dissatisfied with this, but they are basically just small people with no power and power, and there are not many people, so they can't affect the overall situation. By the beginning of the 16th century, the last fanatical strictists were burned in Prague, and the faction disappeared with it.

The other Hussite successors existed until the time of the modern Reformation. Perhaps because they could be used as a tool against Catholicism and the HRE Emperor, they developed well, attracting a large number of nobles to participate and joining the anti-Catholic alliance.

In many respects, however, the Hussite successors were still very different from Protestantism. Most notably, they continue to insist on religious tolerance. Because the early Hussites believed that the most important thing was to establish social organization, and the question of faith was on the back burner. However, the prevailing Lutheran doctrine of the time held that it was faith, not practical practice, that could lead to happiness. The two sides are-for-tat and incompatible on this issue. This is one of the reasons why many people do not consider Hussite sects to be Protestant, even if they did work together.

However, this is also the only influence left by the Hussites. At this time, the Bohemians had completely lost the fighting power of their ancestors.

At the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, both sides treated the Bohemian soldiers as fish belly, and on the battlefield, they were easily routed by the Catholic army of the Earl of Tilly, and some of them fled without even engaging the enemy. The aristocracy, on the other hand, were not willing to pay a penny for the war until the end. Upon learning of the defeat, Prague surrendered immediately, even faster than the Catholic side expected.

After the war, the HRE also carried out a harsh purge of Bohemia. The local nobles were executed en masse, and the property they had worked so hard to maintain was annexed by the HRE Emperor. After the Bohemian population was slaughtered from 3 million to 800,000, it became the territory of Catholicism, and the last remnants of Hussite Islam disappeared completely.

(End of chapter)