Wang Shouren left the capital in the spring of the first year of Jiajing, and he was the first person to get the straight box.

But for more than two years, Wang Shouren did not use this secret box to advise the emperor on any state affairs. Although the government and the opposition have not forgotten Wang Shouren, he was indeed very low-key during his worries.

Now he suddenly sent a few thick volumes to the capital.

At the time when the first courtier of the Jiajing Dynasty had just appeared, in the context of the emperor's request from Zhang Fu Jingzhi to order the Ministry of Rites to gather for the Confucius ceremony.

These books are also about practice and dialectics.

Now all who know about this want to know what is written in those books.

Who is Wang Shouren?

Other merits are one thing, the key issue is that he is the current grandmaster of Xinxue.

Wenhua Hall debated the scriptures, the emperor did not go at that time, and several great Confucians who were invited into the capital by science were really debated.

In terms of learning, Wang Shouren is naturally more worthy of being a great Confucian in the world.

Now, what does he think of the practice and the dialectic that he purportedly enlightened by His Majesty?

Zhang Fujing looked at the books on the imperial case with keen eyes.

Zhu Houxi smiled: "There is only this set, Bo'an manuscript." After I finish reading it first, I will also order someone to copy a few sets out first, and send you a set to Shandong. ”

Zhang Fujing nodded again and again.

He went to Shandong and needed this.

"Wang Dutai has written it, which is naturally beneficial to His Majesty's practice and dialectics. If it can be published in the Quartet, it will be of great benefit to the new law! ”

Although I don't know the content, since Wang Shouren can go directly to serve as the governor of Jiangxi after Ding Wei is reinstated, it is naturally impossible for him to oppose the new learning.

His Majesty's exposition of the three principles of heaven, matter, and man, especially the relationship between knowledge and action in practice, seems to have been inspired by Wang Shouren's conscience and the unity of knowledge and action.

After Zhang Fujing said this, he hoped to see the content as soon as possible, so he said: "Your Majesty, why don't you leave a few days later?" In Beijing, you can argue for a few more days, and within a few days, you should be able to transcribe another set, right? The minister is studying on the way to Shandong! ”

Zhu Houxi didn't expect Wang Shouren's books to come so coincidentally.

During Ding Wei's period, he devoted himself to studying knowledge, and when he was reinstated, he took it out, which can be regarded as a declaration of return.

Although Wang Shouren only learned about these new thoughts put forward by Zhu Houxi after returning to his hometown, he did not have official duties, and his time and energy were the most sufficient.

Staying in his hometown, except for the occasional visit from friends, he can concentrate on studying and thinking about these new things.

Zhu Houxi heard Zhang Fujing say this, picked up the following volumes and said to Huang Jin: "Arrange it first, transcribe the next four volumes, and then change the transcription after reading the first volume." Mao Gong, then you will stay in the capital for five days first, and then you should be able to set off with your books. ”

"Thank you, Your Majesty!"

Zhang Fujing didn't want to leave the capital so quickly, and Wang Shouren's book provided him with a good opportunity.

In Beijing, first of all, it is natural to have more time to visit the rest of the courtiers and friends. His shortcomings lie in his qualifications, the accumulation of officialdom is very thin, and now it all depends on the opportunities given by the emperor.

Many people must be envious, jealous and hateful of him, and if he stays in the Zhengde Dynasty, he is naturally a minister of luck.

For this reason, Zhang Fujing actually has to be a good person.

Second, these visits, including participating in debates in the center of the most influential court, were all opportunities to demonstrate Zhang Fujing's knowledge and eloquence.

The details of the implementation of Guangdong's new law are also what many people are willing to ask - the credit for the implementation of the new law in the future to the whole country is in these experiences.

Zhang Fujing didn't get close to the emperor in the palace, although this is actually very important.

But he knew that the emperor admired him with faith, and the point of appreciating him was naturally not that he could do things, but that he could do things and be able to do things.

Now the emperor may be more concerned than he is about what Wang Shouren has written, so don't delay His Majesty's reading.

This practical study was proposed by His Majesty!

Sure enough, as soon as Zhang Fujing left the imperial study, Zhu Houxi picked up the first volume and started reading.

Now that he has entered the palace, Zhang Fujing naturally went to Wenyuan Pavilion to visit the ministers.

Jiang Mian and Mao Ji both went to the place, Sun Jiao stayed in Huguang but was still a cabinet minister, and the cabinet ministers in the Wenyuan Pavilion are now the first assistant Yang Tinghe, the second assistant Shi Xuan, and then Yang Tan and the new addition to the cabinet of the original Ministry of Shangshu Li Qi, the former capital of the Imperial Palace Zhang Lun.

In the original court order, it was impossible for people in positions like Li Qi and Zhang Lun to enter the cabinet directly in one step anyway.

But now the national policy meeting is the real core, as long as it is listed, it is not too big a difference between the cabinet and the six ministries, so Li Qi and Zhang Lun have such an opportunity.

In the Wenyuan Pavilion, others heard that Zhang Fujing could stay for a few more days, and first chatted about some details of Guangdong's implementation of the new law, and then the topic returned to the current debate on the Confucius ceremony.

"That Wang Rumei moved out of Taizong's example, Mao Gong relayed Wang Xuanzhi's question, but it is not easy to refute it."

Yang Tinghe sighed.

Wang Feng asked Confucius, if he was a king, how should His Majesty worship as the Son of Heaven?

Wang Rumei said that Zhu Di thought that the three bows of the sacrifice to Confucius were not respectful enough, and he wanted to bow four times.

What your ancestors did, you can't do?

Zhang Fujing listened to Yang Tinghe's sigh, and said with a smile: "The elder is too modest, it's just that it's inconvenient for the elder to say this." Fu Jing is famous, so you might as well say it bluntly. ”

Shi Xuan and the others looked at Zhang Fujing, and felt that he was proud of his "famous murder".

Thinking of his methods in Guangdong, everyone couldn't help but smile and ask, "How to speak up?" ”

Zhang Fujing said coldly: "Taizong is difficult, at that time, the vassal king still had heavy troops, how many people in the government and the opposition were arguing about the great legal system?" Taizong bowed four times, what is it for, who doesn't understand? If someone insists on invoking this example, is it not also a metaphor that His Majesty's legal system is still unclear? ”

Yang Tinghe looked at him steadily.

That's right, what Emperor Yongle did, Emperor Jiajing refused to do, if you want to refute this question cleverly, this method is the simplest and rudest.

Zhu Houxi did not shy away from commenting on the rights and wrongs of his ancestors, which can be seen from his evaluation of Hongzhi Zhongxing at that time, and then the fact that Emperor Yingjing entered the temple.

But if it is pointed out that Zhu Di worships Confucius four times in order to invite the hearts of scholars in the world, then does it mean that today's emperors can no longer care so much about what scholars in the world think?

The purpose is only to use the influence of the Holy Father to suppress those who block the new law more efficiently, not to really abandon the world's scholars.

There is not a single person here who really does not respect Confucius.

In this matter, it is mainly about establishing rules, new laws and new rules.

"If you do that, I'm afraid it won't be convincing." Yang Tinghe said.

"Fu Jing is in Guangdong, and there are many people who are unconvinced." Zhang Fujing said indifferently, "However, governing the country and the people, in addition to etiquette, there is also law." His Majesty has set up a special punishment department, and Fu Jing now has a deeper understanding. ”

Is it possible to convince everyone? Inexistent.

After he finished saying this, he smiled and said, "Didn't Your Majesty say it?" Contradictions are constant, and the main contradictions are resolved first. ”

Yang Tinghe said with emotion: "Mao Gong is good at practice, and he really understands it more deeply. The main contradiction today is indeed that there are still people who block the new law because of their own interests. Whether it is the discussion of this ritual or the local officials harassing the people and harming the people in the name of the new law, they are only the surface, not the inside. ”

"Exactly. Otherwise, why would Your Majesty regard it as an accomplice if he said that he was obstructing the new law? Zhang Fujing seemed to be quick to get out of the sheath, "The new law is for rich countries, and it has always been said that rich countries are open sources and reduce expenditures." Now, the new law is still increasing spending in many places, can't it be said that it will be reduced? And how much the ritual of worshipping Confucius in the world costs, it is clear if you calculate it. Zi said: Etiquette, rather than luxury, rather frugality. If the Master's Heavenly Spirit knew that two thousand years later, the descendants of China would need to spend so much money and so much manpower a year because of the sacrifice of worship, would they be able to feel at ease? ”

Again, this is what Confucius said.

No one here is unclear about this sentence.

But the root of the debate lies in the fact that now the respect for Confucius is out of political needs, and the emperor wants to use this way to win the hearts of scholars all over the world, so the standard of the Confucian ritual is getting higher and higher.

As the debate deepens, the arguments will definitely go deep to this level, and those who oppose it will also emphasize that the reduction of sacrificial specifications and the lowering of the epithetical title will make the scholars of the world think that the emperor is actually disrespectful to Confucianism, deviated from morality, and failed to educate and civilize, and the world will be in chaos.

From a standpoint, they would not accept or refuse to obey, even if it was Confucius himself who said that etiquette should be frugal.

Yang Tinghe pondered for a moment and said: "Right and wrong are at ease in the hearts of the people, and the history will truthfully leave the things of the present and today." Mao Gong, I want to thank you. The new law has been very effective with Guangdong, and in the dog's letters, the people of Guangdong have thanked His Majesty for loving the people and understanding our painstaking efforts. Please accept my worship for this meritorious work. ”

"The elder of the pavilion praised it falsely, this is all His Majesty's generosity, benevolence, love for the people, heroic decision, and the merit of the elders of the pavilion planning to praise the painting, Fu Jing dare not accept it."

Zhang Fu saluted back.

The counselors are the core figures of the entire Ming Dynasty, and the ministers in the counselors are all highly qualified, and their protégés are all over the world.

Zhang Fujing was affirmed and respected by Yang Tinghe, and then said angrily: "The master respects the king, but it does not seem that my Confucianism is more prominent. There are Tang Qiying Buddha bones, Huiqin calls himself the Taoist monarch, Song Xiaozong even said that the Buddha cultivates the heart, cultivates the body with the Tao, governs the world with Confucianism, and the reputation of the two families of Taoism is rising. Cheng Zhulu and other sages quoted the ingenuity of the two schools of Taoism, each with the inheritance of science and mind, although the master is now respected as the king, but who is not the people of the world who does not follow the teachings of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism? ”

Yang Tinghe and the others continued to listen to his opinions.

This point directly points to the fact that the posthumous reverence for the king of Confucius did not make the status of scholars higher, and let the education of Confucian etiquette go further.

In the people, the common people really believe a little. What the Taoist priests say, what the monks say, and what the Confucian etiquette stipulates most of them will follow in order to seek peace of mind or to avoid being too individual.

What is Zhang Fujing going to say now?

I saw him talking eloquently: "Fu respects Guangdong, and the one who understands the most is the difficulties of the people." If the people can be allowed to have food, clothing, shelter, and disaster because of this, then why is it difficult to educate? Food and clothing are sufficient to know honor and disgrace, and Cangqiao knows etiquette. The gentry pretended to respect Confucius for personal gain, and forgot the people by educating them. ”

"I respect Your Majesty, and the most admired person is the reason of things and the manpower. I heard that Shanxi and Shaanxi tried to plant potatoes, and now the provinces are cleaning up water conservancy, all of which are based on the principle of knowing things and investing manpower, so that a few fields can harvest more grain. The monarch and the minister are dedicated to the Huanghuang Avenue, so that the people have enough food and clothing, and the warehouse is solid, which is the real respect for Confucianism. There are people in the world who don't know this reason, they don't know the meaning of Confucianism, and they don't have the common people's hearts, they can be called thieves and bandits. ”

"The ladder of fake Confucianism seeks its own glory, robs the world's wealth and forgets the teachings of the sages, how is it different from bandits? Redefine the canon of Confucius, the original clear source! Counting the dictionary and forgetting the ancestors, what can it be? Your Majesty respects the master as the first teacher, understands the practice of learning and governs the country and the world, which can be described as an endless mantle and innovation! Since the third year of Jiajing, the right way to respect Confucius is to study new learning, enforce new laws, be loyal to the monarch, and govern the country and the people. Only those who have contributed to the country and the people can be called respecting the teacher! ”

Everyone was stunned.

What does Zhang Fujing mean by saying that the emperor is the true heir to the mantle of Confucius?

Whether it can "legally" possess Confucianism, it depends on whether it is loyal and meritorious in the future?

If the whole world studied new knowledge, all the scholars in the world would be disciples of the emperor. Within the Confucian etiquette, do you dare not respect the teacher?

Zhang Fujing had to say these things to them.

Wang Shouren's point of view has come, and Wang Shouren will definitely have a high opinion.

Yang Ting and them didn't necessarily have no thoughts, but the position they were in, and the constraints on their past thinking, did not allow them to talk nonsense.

But Zhang Fujing has no scruples, he has only been an official for three years.

He also has an indomitable momentum in Guangdong.

As for why it is said here and not in the midst of argumentation, because talent here is fundamental.

Because the new knowledge was proposed by the emperor, the new law was actually determined by the emperor to preside.

Therefore, now it is nothing more than the dying struggle of some conservative and unwilling people.

In the future, it will be a world of new knowledge and new laws. There are five people in front of him, and none of them can erase these views from him Zhang Fujing.

Zhu Houyu didn't know that Zhang Fujing had just expressed such an opinion, and Zhang Fujing didn't know either, and at this time, Zhu Houyu in the imperial study looked at the first volume of "The Examination of Practice and Dialectics" and was dumbfounded.

It can only be said that the Jiajing Dynasty is really full of fierce people.

Although the words are different, Wang Shouren's understanding is to the point.

He himself pays attention to what he knows, and he leads to conscience from his deeds. In his viewpoint, there is a meaning that practice determines cognition.

It's just that he overemphasizes the difference in each individual's cognition, so he excessively exaggerates the role of "knowledge" and becomes a bit subjective and idealistic.

However, after Zhu Houxi put forward the principle of things and interpreted knowledge as knowing things to know physics, Wang Shouren said that this was not right.

Knowledge, should be both physical knowledge, as well as human reason.

Practice has always been inseparable from the principle of all things and the principle of human ethics.

There is evidence from the history of the past, and there is no unwavering learning from hundreds of generations, and there is no eternal law. The reason for this is that although the principle of all things has not changed, this person has been changing from generation to generation. People are different from person to person, country to country, time and place.

In this case, where can we talk about the knowledge of physics and the knowledge of human reason with an unbreakable plain text?

The difficulty of seeking the Tao is due to this.

I don't know what he thinks, but in the more than two years he has been worried in his hometown, he has finally extracted a new sentence from the new sayings of the sages, chronicles, and emperors who don't know how many.

Seeking knowledge is doing, and doing is knowing. Knowing that there is truth and falsehood, it is clear to act. True knowledge sometimes changes, and practice changes it. The meritorious deeds of knowledge are the true knowledge of the moment.

In Zhu Houxi's eyes, this is naturally the familiar sentence.

Practice determines understanding, and understanding guides practice. There is no eternal understanding, and practice is the only criterion for testing truth.

Can Wang Shouren be enlightened like this?

(End of chapter)