Chapter 113 Lathes and Standards
Wu Yunlin looked at the hot scene in the workshop, but everyone worked according to their ability, and there was no standard and unity.
This requires vernier calipers and pencils to draw design drawings.
The standard of weapons is very important, only the same caliber, the same mass, it is possible to reduce logistics, mass equipment, and the possibility of using guns and swords with fixed cartridge ammunition.
The reason for the success of modern times is that it is large-scale and highly standardized.
In ancient times, many craftsmen were actually very skilled and could make exquisite and complicated things, but no matter how high the technology was, it was only an individual ability, and in the face of the power of industrialization, large-scale, high-efficiency, and standardization, in the end could only be submerged.
What Wu Yunlin wants is to produce in large quantities and with high standards, first of all, he needs to determine weights and measures to ensure that every barrel produced is the same, and the tolerance is within the allowable error range.
He does not need to guarantee that every firearm is a high-quality firearm, but it must be qualified, with a high degree of uniformity and standardization.
Everything is difficult at the beginning, so let's set the standard first.
At this time, there are all kinds of firearms made by craftsmen, the caliber is large and small, not to mention the quality, the caliber is different, how to use the fixed paper tube ammunition?
In the future, of course, the craftsmen under his command will not only be Master Kong and Mo Zigan, and no matter how many people come later, they must follow the same standard.
That is the standard that Wu Yunlin will set, and the weapons they will make in the future will be exactly the same.
On the same day, Wu Yunlin reviewed the candidates for the captain of each team, announced the list, and demarcated the team members of each branch research institute to let everyone understand what they want to do.
The next day, Wu Yunlin brought Master Kong and Mo Zigan, as well as Ma Qiang, Zhao Kuo and others, and he was ready to buy some weapons from foreigners and provide more advanced technology.
I hope there's something I need.
At the same time, in a few days, he will have to go to Gulin to buy a large number of food items
Wu Gongzi once said that this problem lies in the drill bit, and it is very simple to solve it, he was silent with a smile at the time, and now he finally said it.
He watched nervously, and his heart went up and down.
He watched as Wu Gongzi painted on the wooden board, slowly taking shape, and finally drawing the shape of a drill bit.
This is......
Mo Zigan's eyes froze.
Master Kong's eyes widened.
He thinks that his skill in building fire guns is also the best in the Qing Dynasty, but the disadvantages of drilling the chamber have always plagued him.
Drill and drill often, and the whole gun will be wasted.
And he doesn't have a tungsten steel drill bit yet, and he uses steel made of mild steel, and the progress is slow, and he works slowly, making a bird gun a month.
Even many craftsmen are inferior to him, and the drill is drilled halfway, turned over and then drilled the other half.
I heard that there is a drill bit style that has been drilling, and I don't have to worry about drilling deviation, so I naturally look at it with my eyes wide open.
At this time, he stared at the shape of the drill drawn by Wu Gongzi and muttered, "This won't be off-track?" ”
Wu Yunlin held a pencil and said with a smile: "Yes, with this single-sided drill bit, you can solve the problem of deviation of the pipe!" ”
Seeing that Mo Zigan and Master Kong showed very excited expressions on their faces, he smiled, these two young people can be cultivated well.
After all, they are young, malleable, and their skills are also very good.
To solve the problem of the deviation of the barrel drilling, it is indeed very simple, changing the diamond structure to a single-sided drill bit structure, a simple physical principle.
Of course, no matter how simple the principle is, if this window paper is not illuminated, it may be hundreds of years or thousands of years, and no one will think of it.
In fact, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, craftsmen in many places still used diamond-shaped drill bits, and the Indians had thousands of years of history, and they had already had sculptural toys for wheels, but they couldn't think of inventing wheels for carts.
After discussing this single-sided drill bit structure for a long time, Wu Yunlin instructed Mo Zigan to first use ordinary falling steel to create a pair of such drill bits, and after the trial, if feasible, then use steel to make them, and the drill bits will also be single-sided structures of this standard in the future.
Mo Zigan agreed excitedly, he couldn't wait to try it.
Master Kong watched from the sidelines, and he was just as excited, Xiang Gong taught him such top-secret skills, and he had to work hard.
Wu Yunlin decided to make six pairs of single-sided drill bits first, temporarily using one for Mozigan and Master Kong, and the rest for backup and replacement.
Drilling is a technical job, but ordinary blacksmiths can't, but they can make pipes and other spare parts.
If the gun pipe is directly made with more refined iron, that is, within a day, Yu Blacksmith and others can also participate in the making.
It is not difficult to directly roll the barrel of wrought iron plate, the technical content is not so high, and the making of many iron tools is more difficult than the barrel, after all, the blacksmith and others are old blacksmiths with decades of skills, even if they have not made the barrel, Mo Zigan and others will take it for a period of time, and they can be familiar with it.
In this way, a few blacksmiths made pipes and parts according to the standard, polished copper bolts, and Mo Zigan drilled with Master Kong, and it was very easy to shoot 100 new guns a month.
Wu Yunlin also designed a lathe to bring together various tools and make it more convenient to grind the drill chamber.
According to Wu Yunlin's estimate, it is basically possible to drill a bore in half a day.
In this way, Mo Zigan and Master Kong can drill four pipes a day.
"What is this?"
Everyone looked at the pattern of the instrument that Wu Gongzi had drawn on another wooden board.
Looking at the instrument diagram above, it is quite similar to a bed-type structure, and then there is a bed frame, a drill bit, a moving table, a fixed groove, and a variety of accessories processing tables.
Everyone was staring closely, Master Kong and Mo Zigan paid special attention to the drill bit above, but they replaced it with a crank handle, which was quite different from the drill bit they used in the past, and the drill bit on it seemed to be fixed.
After all, Wu Yunlin's sketching skills are still very deep, and the pattern parts are drawn very accurately, and you can see this situation at a glance.
Look at the opposite side of the drill bit, there is also a fixed groove, on which there is a pattern of a pipe-like pipe, and there is a dotted line head on the edge of the pattern, which means that when the pipe is drilled, the pipe moves to this side, not the drill bit.
This one......
Not only Mo Zigan, but also Master Kong were shocked and contemplative, and they were keenly aware of the sharpness of this drilling machine.
The special pipe is fixed and clamped, and the whole is pushed over, and the drill pipe will be unimaginably smooth.
Is......
The two young people were amazed, how did Wu Gongzi come up with it?
There are so many craftsmen in the Qing Dynasty, and no one thought of this.
At least Master Kong lives in Zunyi, where there are many craftsmen and many masters, but they are just good at craftsmanship, and they have never heard of such a sharp instrument.
Look at this instrument, there are all kinds of processing and fixing tables, grinding and cutting of intermediate pipes and spare parts, etc., which can be completed on this lathe.
It's so wonderful, everyone is amazed.
Mo Zigan looked at the pattern, and was also fascinated, for their Mo family, this instrument diagram was so beautiful, they didn't expect it to be depicted from the hands of a Jinshi.
He even had a look of awe on his face, thinking, "Is Lord Wu the reincarnation of a craftsman god?" ”
He didn't understand, how did Wu Gongzi, as a scholar, know about these craftsman things?
He has been in Zunyi City for many years, and he also knows what kind of virtue the secretary and ambassador of the military bureau are.
Blacksmith Yu also approached and looked carefully, and he was fascinated, and he couldn't imagine that he was old and could still see this kind of peerless weapon.
This Zunyi County is really the right one.
If you stay for a long time, you will have to produce a few masters in the future.
Wu Yunlin looked at everyone's expressions and smiled slightly, this is the confluence of simple drilling machines, milling machines, boring machines, and planing machines that he created and painted in combination with this era.
The overall parts of these lathes are not complicated, and the technical content is not high, and these craftsmen can make them in front of them.
And if this simple lathe can make a few, at least Mo Zigan and Master Kong will have no problem drilling four pipes a day.
Other craftsmen can also cut and polish at the side of the lathe.
He looked at the pattern on the board, the machine was still very simple.
But while it's simple, it represents power.
The rough conversion of this power in front of him is equal to the strength of a few blacksmiths in Zunyi County, which is more than the strength of more than a hundred blacksmiths in other big workshops.
And the products produced here will be faster and better.
It can only be imitated, not surpassed.
In fact, many revolutionary machines start out simple, but soon take on incredible energy.
In the making of lathes, as well as on the firecracker, there is actually a part that is indispensable, connected, fastened, and needed everywhere.
This little thing is called "standard parts" in industry, which is a very common screw bolt.
At this time, the processing of this thing is not simple, often cut out slowly, a round bar material is clamped, slowly cut off one by one, and each time the knife must be carefully cut, so as not to cut the wrong cut, and finally cut out a small bolt.
Not to mention the low processing efficiency, the manufacturing cost is also very uneconomical, the waste of materials is too large, and the requirements for workers are also high, and teachers are often needed.
So Wu Yunlin plans to use a mold-type thing to make bolts in batches, and there is also a tool for processing internal threads.
And the system of these two things is simple and simple, and difficult to say.
It's not technology, the technology of this era can't be underestimated, and many craftsmen have made handicrafts that have amazed future generations, and it is not easy to imitate.
It's the material, like the hammer spring of a flintlock pistol, which needs good steel to catch fire.
These two things have very high requirements for materials, after all, they are molds, and the use of high-carbon steel is inevitable.
Fortunately, Wu Yunlin has 200 catties of steel, and the material problem is basically solved.
In the midst of everyone's expectant gaze, he slowly drew the pattern of the two things on another wooden board.
With these two things, you can make standard parts such as bolts in batches.
Or the internal thread is processed.
Wu Yunlin drew the pattern of those two things, and Mo Zigan and the others hurriedly stared.
"It's ......"
Master Kong muttered, "It feels like a nut and a ......."
Yes, what Wu Yunlin drew was plate teeth and taps.
The plate is the machining tool of the external thread, and the appearance is a very high hardness nut, which can be installed with a handle to facilitate the processing of screws and bolts.
Although according to Wu Yunlin's point of view, the thread accuracy of plate teeth is still low, but the structure is simple, easy to use, and can be widely used in single-piece, small-batch production and repair.
Taps are a kind of tools for processing internal threads, because there are grooves along the axial direction, also called screw taps, and there are two kinds of spiral taps and straight edge taps according to the shape
At this time, of course, they are all straight groove taps, although the precision is also low, but the processing is easy, the output is large, and it is the most important tool for processing internal threads in modern times.
The tap designed by Wu Yunlin has a simple structure and is easy to use, and it is a very convenient processing tool for small size internal threads.
"It's been a long time."
Zhang Chujing said excitedly.
Blacksmith Yu was also amazed.
Wu Yunlin said with a smile: "Fortunately, there is Sugang, otherwise it is fallen steel, and it is not durable to manufacture such equipment." ”
The most important point of the mold is that it needs good steel, high-carbon steel is the most basic, and many molds in later generations are made of alloy steel.
Wu Yunlin instructed Master Kong and others to make these instruments according to the drawings and sizes, and then talk about making firearms.
Sharpen the knife and don't mistake the woodcutter, and the processing tools will be made first.
In the end, everyone had a discussion about Xin'an, and Wu Yunlin also designed an arquebus on the butt.
The rope is still troublesome to cut off, but it is also in the way of the swan's neck-like gun, and the swan-neck-like gun is designed to be hollow, and the long fire rope is stuffed inside, leading to the dragon head There is a hole, and the fire rope is burned to a section, just pull out some.
This makes it more convenient for the soldier and will also be more beautiful.
The arquebus can also be opened, and even if the two-metre arquebus runs out, it can be stuffed back into it.
Wu Yunlin's new anquebus design arrangement is like this, after it is on the right track, at least a hundred breech arquebuses will be produced a month.
At present, there are 100 purchased bird guns in Zunyi County, and after a period of busyness, Master Kong brothers have basically transformed the 50 rods into new ones.
For the time being, these firearms are still used in the village, and when the standardized new guns are built in batches, these purchased bird guns will be used for training.
How to say that the bird gun bought by 100 rods is also a sophisticated firearm, the quality can shoot thousands of rounds, enough for a long time of training.
It's just that these firearms are of different calibers and sizes, and the ammunition cannot be universally used, and they will be discarded when their life is up.