Li Song'an, Yun Anyu, Meng Xiaohui, and Xu Hui were in Shangbo City to deal with civil affairs and military training camps. In recent years, although Ecuador has become independent, the people in power are still conservatives, they only believe in Catholicism, the combination of church and state, the people at the bottom are still living in poverty, and the revolution is not complete. More than 4,000 years ago, Ecuador was inhabited by dozens of Indian tribes, including Chibucha, Chimu, Kittu, Purua and Kara, who made their living by fishing, hunting and farming. In the second half of the 15th century, the Incas began to invade. After its conquest in 1474, it became part of the Inca Empire. In 1533~1535, the Spanish colonists led by S.de Benal Casal established colonial rule in Ecuador. In 1563, the Spanish crown established a court in Quito, which was first placed under the jurisdiction of the Viceroyalty of Peru and in 1739 under the jurisdiction of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. During the period of colonial rule in Ecuador, the Catholic Church had a lot of power and many monasteries; Economically, wheat and sheep are mainly cultivated, and forced labour is widely practised in agriculture, mining and textile workshops. In the face of the brutal rule of the Spanish colonizers, the Indians staged several uprisings.

On August 10, 1809, the patriots, led by J.P.de Montufal, staged an uprising in Quito and declared independence, which was soon suppressed. In 1821, S. Bolivar sent A.J.de Sucre to lead an insurrectionary army to support the Ecuadorian independence movement. On May 22, 1822, Sucre defeated the Spanish colonial army at the Battle of Pichincha, near Quito, ending colonial rule and gaining independence for Ecuador.

Scale of development

After independence, Ecuador joined the Republic of Gran Colombia. In 1830, he withdrew from the Republic of Gran Colombia and proclaimed the Republic of Ecuador, with J.J. Flores elected as its first president. From then until the beginning of the 20th century, Ecuador's two major political parties, the Conservative and the Liberal Party, competed with each other for power. In 1860~1875, the Conservative G. García Moreno implemented a dictatorship, and the constitution promulgated in 1869 stipulated that only Catholicism was allowed. During the administration of E. Alfaro, the leader of the Liberal Party (1895~1901, 1906~1911), the separation of church and state, the confiscation of church property, the freedom of religious belief, and the construction of the Quito-Guayaquil railway connecting the interior and the coast, promoted economic development. In the second half of the 19th century, British and American capital infiltrated one after another, gradually controlling Ecuador's economic lifeline. During the presidency of the liberal L. Prazar Gutiérrez (1901~1905, 1912~1916), the political situation was relatively stable, the economy developed, and cocoa became the main export commodity. In 1916~1925, the political and economic power of Ecuador was completely in the hands of the Bank of Commerce and Agriculture. In 1925 a group of young military officers staged an uprising to overthrow the government of G.S. Córdoba, which represented the interests of the financial bourgeoisie (see July Revolution in Ecuador). In 1930~1940, 12 presidents were replaced. During World War II, Ecuador sided with the Allies, and Liberal President C.A. Arroyo del Río leased the Galapagos Islands to the United States as an air base. In 1941, Ecuador and Peru engaged in a border armed conflict, which resulted in the loss of a large part of the country. In May 1944 Arroyo del Río was overthrown by the popular uprising, and J.M. Velasco Ibarra was inaugurated as president (see Popular uprising of Ecuador).

After the Second World War, Ecuador's national democratic movement was on the rise. A more democratic constitution was promulgated in 1945. At the end of the same year, the United States was forced to dismantle its air base in the Galapagos Islands. In 1947 there was a military coup d'état, and the government of Velasco Ibarra was overthrown. In 1948, the Liberal G. Prasa became president and signed a bilateral military agreement with the United States. In 1952, Velasco Ibarra was elected president for the third time. In August of the same year, Ecuador, Peru and Chile signed the Santiago Declaration on the right to uphold the 200-nautical-mile maritime right. After 1956, pro-American dictatorships were established on several occasions. In June 1968, Velasco Ibarra was elected president for the fifth time. Two years later, he dissolved parliament and declared martial law throughout the country. Relations between Ecuador and the United States were strained in 1971 due to the continued illegal fishing of Ecuadorian territorial waters by U.S. fishing vessels.

In the 50s and mid-60s, bananas replaced cocoa as Ecuador's main product, and exports were the largest in the world at the time. In 1972, Ecuador began large-scale extraction and exported its first oil, and since then oil has gradually replaced bananas as the main pillar of the country's economy.

coup

In February 1972, a group of nationalist-leaning military forces, led by Army Commander G. Rodríguez Lara, staged a coup d'état to overthrow Velasco Ibarra and establish a military junta. During Rodríguez Lara's administration, a number of social and economic reforms were introduced. Ecuador joined the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries in 1973. In January 1976 Rodríguez Lara was forced to resign and the Supreme Council of Governance, headed by the commander of the Navy, A. Poveda Boulevno, took over power. The Government of Poveda Bourvano has intensified its dialogue with all sectors and resumed the activities of political parties. A referendum was held in January 1978 to adopt a new constitution. In April 1979, general elections were held, and J. Rordos, the candidate of the Popular Power Concentration Party, was elected president. During his reign, he developed the national economy at home and encouraged private and foreign investment; Externally, we should safeguard national sovereignty and pursue a nationalist policy. Ecuador established diplomatic relations with China on January 2, 1980. In May 1981, Roerdos was killed in a plane crash. Vice-President, People's Democratic Party О Hurtado Larrea, succeeded him as president. In May 1984, the Christian Socialist L. Fevres Cordero was elected president.

Judging from the history of Ecuador, before developing its own strong national industry and high value-added plantation, the privatization of the country, the free market, and the attraction of foreign capital can only fall into the hands of Western capitalists in the hands of the fate of the country's economy, and further become the source material market and finished product sales market of Western countries, forming a vicious circle.

Li Song is currently responsible for designing the overall economic framework for the Ecuadorian region.

First, in the decade or so before and after independence, a small country with a small area of small area must control at least 80 percent of the ownership and management rights of the seven major industries of iron and steel, chemical industry, military industry, banking, transportation, education, and telecommunications, with the state as the main body.

Second, within 20 years, it is necessary to nationalize national land resources, develop natural resources and mineral resources appropriately, rationally, and legally, and organically integrate economic development with environmental protection.

Third, there is a strong national defense force to protect the country's sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity.

Fourth, it is necessary to supervise and manage the use of foreign capitalists and capital forces, and in the short term foreign capital is prohibited from getting involved in the military industry, banking, and telecommunications fields.

Fifth, set up their own national agency companies abroad to acquire and control a large number of energy and precious metal resources.

Sixth, Ecuador not only has oil, gold, silver mines, but also raw materials for glass manufacturing and porcelain manufacturing, volcanic ash is also a good source of cement for making cement, it is really a treasure of feng shui, close to the border of Colombia also produces emeralds, yes, gemstones.