In 1878, Donghua entered the mode of rapid development. And 1878 was also the year when Donghua really went to the world.

In May 1878, the World's Fair was held in Paris, France.

Title: The 3rd Paris World's Fair

Date: 20 May 1878 to 10 November 1878

Participating countries: 37

Visitors 16.15 million

The 1876 World's Fair in Philadelphia, USA, had just come to an end, and only two years later, in 1878, the World's Fair would be held in Paris. France only followed its plan to hold World Expos in France every 11 years, and the successive World Expos in 1867, 1878, and 1889 caused controversy.

The sound is not too frequent, whether it is unpopular, whether it is unpopular

The French replied no.



Voice 2 I was worried that the outcome would be terrible.

The French comforted and said, "Don't worry, don't worry, my dear."

Voice 3Is it wise to do this??

The French asked rhetorically, "Render to God what is God", "Render to Caesar what is Caesar", don't you think so?

The developing French model of hosting a blog

The 1878 Paris Exposition was the third time France had hosted a World Expo. France's approach to the Expo is one of no perfunctory and the pursuit of perfection – a perfection that includes strict impartiality, true internationality, and ingenious systematization. At the same time, the French meticulously inherit their experience and improve their deficiencies, so that each session of the French World Expo has made new breakthroughs.

● Give a taxonomy of exhibits

The 1867 Paris Exposition had already developed a systematic classification of exhibits. On this basis, the current World Expo has generally followed the previous classification method and some of the contents have been amended, and the ten categories have been changed to nine categories: art, education, home furnishing, textile, mining and metallurgy, machinery, nutrition and health care, agriculture and horticulture.

Donghua Donghua participated in a delegation of 200 people in 7 categories other than agriculture and horticulture, with 300 exhibits and 200 people.

● General regulations are given

The general regulations of this World Expo are similar to those of modern World Expos.

The general regulations generally announce the time, place, and deadline for the delivery of exhibits for the present World Expo, and specify the obligations of the host and participating countries, such as France will provide the exhibition venue free of charge, the exhibiting country shall set up a representative, submit the catalogue of exhibits, etc., and the restrictions on exhibits, such as the rejection of dangerous goods, the creation or discovery of art exhibits, and the fact that ancient works of art should be later than May 1, 1867, which corresponds to the restrictions on the year of creation of works of art at the 1867 Paris World's Fair.

●Special regulations are given

The special regulations of this World Expo are mainly aimed at the composition of the jury and the evaluation process, which is different from that of modern World Expos.

Special regulations provide for a total of 1.5 million francs for the Expo. The jury is international, 400 of the 750 judging seats are from participating countries, and the allocation of jury seats is determined by the share of exhibits in that country. The scope of the award covers all exhibit categories, and there is a breakdown of the number of awards for each exhibit category.

● Give the relevant laws

Since there was no international convention on the protection of intellectual property rights at that time, and the participants were quite concerned about the protection of their own interests, France determined its own intellectual property protection regulations as the regulations that must be complied with at the World Expo, and granted temporary protection to the exhibitions during the exhibition.

● Give the layout of the exhibition

France first determines the site and then formulates the overall layout plan in combination with the application of the participating countries for the exhibition area. Comparing the layout plan of this period and 1867, it can be seen that the layout has changed from concentric fan-shaped to simple vertical and parallel, and the Seine River has been cleverly used as a reference coordinate for visitors to identify the direction.

The products displayed by Donghua are: beverage brands "Coke Duo", "Sprite", "Red Star Iced Tea"; Sports toys: mountain bikes, skateboards, yo-yos, Rubik's cubes, intellectual toys, plastic flowers, various models, building blocks, trampolines. Tea ceremony, tai chi, martial arts, swords, guns, eighteen martial arts, acrobatics, and Chinese costumes were performed.

The attitude of the two great powers to participate in the exhibition

●The United Kingdom accidentally became an exhibitor giant

Due to the relatively short transportation distance in Europe, the UK can fully accept the transportation cost of participating in the World Expo, so the scale of the UK's participation in the exhibition is the largest. The British also had the most seats on the jury.

Britain accounted for 40% of the world's steel production at the time, and the size of the steel products exhibited in the UK was huge, making the already large exhibition space seem insufficient. For example, the United Kingdom shows a 130-foot-long stretch of steel rail. The UK's dedicated statistical area looks back at the "myths" of the development of the British steel industry since 1735.

●The United States is very important to observe carefully

The United States' share of the exhibition in this World Expo is not heavy, and there are almost no American exhibits in the art and steel exhibition areas, and there are more abundant in the education, small and medium-sized machinery exhibition areas. Time magazine reported on a shoe-making machine in the United States, from the cutting, stitching, gluing, soling, and finishing of the leather

It takes a total of 15 minutes to polish.

Some non-governmental academic institutions in the United States have organized experts in various fields to record in detail the participation of various countries, and some even extend to the development of the industry in the country. For example, the United States, through Belgium's participation, came up with this assessment that it is a "small, prosperous, busy country". Another example is that the United States has such a record of China's coal and steel industry by observing China's participation in the exhibition

"China has abundant coal and steel reserves. China's iron ore is just getting started, but only by the most primitive smelting methods. Coal mining in China is relatively progressive, but it rarely uses advanced coal mining equipment. It is estimated that China's annual coal production is 3 million tons, of which one-third is anthracite. China's steel production cannot be estimated, and it should be self-sufficient, because China imports very little steel. At this World Expo, China exhibited high-quality forged steel samples, the quality of which is comparable to that of Swedish products, and other iron exhibits include plows, sickles, scissors, etc., reflecting that China does not yet have professional steel manufacturing capabilities. ”

At the same time, the first public screening of the color and sound widescreen film "Beautiful Ocean" caused a sensation.

Epoch-making international conference on intellectual property

A total of 29 international conferences were held at the Expo, either on issues of great concern to the international community at the time, or on emerging research areas or on matters that the French government wanted to promote. For example, how to prevent animal abuse, how to manage alcoholism, and how to deal with released criminals

Social relief, treatment of mental illness, regional statistics, international currency exchange, etc., among which the most influential in modern society are international conferences on the protection of intellectual property.

France is one of the earliest countries in the world to establish an intellectual property protection system. Patent Act enacted in 1791 Copyright Act in 1793 Industrial Designs Act enacted in 1806. This year's World Expo held three international conferences on intellectual property rights, including the Seminar on Copyright, the Seminar on Industrial Property, the Seminar on Patents and the Seminar on the Protection of Art and Design, which aimed to promote the protection of intellectual property rights in the international scope and gave birth to the basic international conventions on the protection of modern intellectual property rights.

● Gave birth to the Berne Convention

The Copyright Symposium was chaired by the respected French writer Victor Hugo, and the topics included the protection of the rights of authors and the rights of publishers. Many prominent writers, scholars, and publishers of the time participated. At this meeting, a decision to establish an international convention was adopted and the International Association of Literary and Artistic Societies was established. This non-governmental association undertook the task of drafting an international convention for the protection of literary and artistic works, known today as the Berne Convention.

At the conference, representatives of Donghua released the painting "Eye of the Milky Way", the photography collection "Green Landscape", the novel "Future 1984", "Moon Adventure", "10,000 Years Before History", "Harry Potter", "Transformers", "2012", "StarCraft", "Terminator", "The Rise of Great Powers", "5000 Years of China", "Hanyu Pinyin and Simplified Characters", "Four Masterpieces of China", "100 Chapters of Chinese Legends", "The Origin of the Earth".

● Gave birth to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

The second Symposium on Industrial Property and Patents was held at the Paris World Expo, the first during the 1873 Vienna World Expo, and the central topic was the basic principles that must be followed in the formulation of national patent laws. The meeting set up the Drafting Committee of the Convention, which was responsible for the preparation of a draft of the protection of industrial property, the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, the basic convention of the modern patent protection system.

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Donghua signed 88 memorandums of understanding on product sales and technical cooperation at the expo, with an estimated revenue of US$280 million. In 1878, Donghua's GDP was also estimated to reach 800 million US dollars, 8 million people, 100 US dollars per capita, and 40 US dollars per capita annual income.