Ah, the farming operation for the rest of his life on the desert island has begun, and as a polytechnic, Chen Mengling gave his family a science popularization of potatoes, corn, and onion planting methods.

When selecting a site, choose a plot that is conducive to drainage and sufficient sunlight, and then apply some base fertilizer, potassium fertilizer or plant ash. Be careful not to plant potatoes in a field that has been planted for two years, as it will be easy to live.

Zhao Xiaodao: Oh, it's just to grow the land.

Germination, in late December or January, the potatoes to be planted are placed at a temperature for germination, so that they can be planted around February.

Cut the sprouted potatoes into cubes, making sure that each piece has 2 to 3 sprout eyes on it. After the incision, apply some grass ash to the wound in time.

Planting, after the potatoes are processed, you can plant, dig a shallow trench in the ground and put the pieces in, the distance between the two pieces is about 15 centimeters. After planting, you don't need to water, you can also not fertilize, if you fertilize, you can apply some potassium fertilizer in moderation, do not use urea or human and animal manure, otherwise it will affect the taste.

Li Xiaoyu: Potatoes don't like fertilizer yet.

Harvesting, potatoes grow with little need to be fertilized and watered, and they are very easy to plant, and they can be harvested in May or June after planting in February.

Corn is a temperature-loving crop and requires a higher temperature throughout the growth period. So what are the methods of corn planting?

Site preparation. Corn is a kind of light-loving crops that need both water and are afraid of stains, the demand for water is different at different growth stages, and the soil is required to be fertile, and can be irrigated and drained, therefore, three ditches should be opened on the whole land, namely the main ditch, the surrounding ditch and the compartment ditch, and the ditch is communicated, the ditch does not accumulate water, and can be irrigated and drained.

It is best to plough the frozen billet or plant a season of winter vegetables in the next year, and when the corn is sown in the second year, the soil is loose and dry, and the aggregate structure is good, which is beneficial to the growth of corn. If there is no ploughing every other year, it is necessary to choose a sunny day to prepare the land in time after the beginning of spring, and keep the soil dry to prevent agglomeration into a billet and affect the growth of the root system, and at the same time to do a good job in removing weeds.

Li Bin: Our island is definitely hot enough.

Water and fertilizer management. Maize is a high-yield crop with a large amount of fertilizer, and reasonable fertilization must be applied to meet the nutrient needs of maize throughout the growth period. According to the test, the production of 100 kg of corn seed requires 2.5 kg of nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus and 2.1 kg of potassium.

If the yield per mu is 500 kg of corn, about 33 kg of urea, or 50 kg of ammonium nitrate, 31 kg of superphosphate, and 13 kg of potassium sulfate are required per mu.

In the three stages of maize growth, the proportion of fertilizer required is different, the seedling stage accounts for 2% of the total fertilizer requirement, the ear stage accounts for 85%, and the grain stage accounts for 13%. Corn from jointing to the big cough bell stage, is the peak period of fertilizer, fertilization to achieve reasonable fertilization, that is, the combination of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, top dressing; combination of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers; Combination of agricultural fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and biological fertilizer.

Li Jian: You can use fish bones to grind them as phosphate fertilizer.

Base fertilizer, when preparing the land before sowing, 1000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer (such as pig manure) is applied per mu, and 80 kg of compound fertilizer with an effective content of 25% is added Z

SO4 (i.e. zinc sulfate), M

1 kg of SO4 (i.e. manganese sulfate) plus borax (sterilizable) 2 taels (strip application is better: open a ditch between the crop rows near the root of the crop, and apply fertilizer into the ditch); Now there is a special fertilizer for corn.

Apply seedling fertilizer at the 3-leaf and one-heart stage, and irrigate the roots with 1 and a half to 2 handfuls of urea with 10 kg of water. (Note: Do not pour on the leaves, otherwise it will cause seedlings to burn)

6 leaves when the top dressing once, the use of hole application method (that is: 8-10 cm next to the root of each corn with a thick wooden stick pestle hole, with ordinary mineral water bottle cap a tip cap urea put a hole, and then the hole can be covered) pay attention to keep the soil moist at this time, if the soil is dry, after fertilization can be poured a small half cup of water, can not be watered too much, to moisten the soil is appropriate.

Wang Yong: It's quite delicate.

12 leaves and then top dressing again, each plant apply 2~3 caps of mineral water bottles, sprinkle directly on the roots, and then carry out soil cultivation (soil cultivation: the soil between the rows or furrows is cultivated at the base of the plant, the ridge surface, the formation of soil ridges or high furrow management measures. Soil cultivation can increase the thickness of the fertile soil layer of root activity, which is not only conducive to drought prevention and moisture protection, but also convenient for drainage and waterlogging, and can also promote the occurrence of secondary rooting on the plant buried in the soil, and create a good rooting environment for the growth of adventitious roots, which is conducive to preventing lodging and reducing weed damage) After soil cultivation, irrigation is permeable.

Water once when the corn is tasseled or silked. At other times, if the leaves are not rolled at noon, there is no need to water, because corn is a drought-resistant plant, and it is not good to water too much.

Corn sowing techniques

Select suitable varieties to prevent over-planting.

According to local conditions, excellent maize varieties with strong drought resistance, good yield and stable yield, great yield increase potential, suitable maturity date, and approved by the national or provincial level are selected. It is necessary to put an end to cross-regional planting, avoid varieties with long growth periods, ensure safe maturity, and improve corn yield and grain commodity quality.

Do a good job of land preparation and fertilization, and lay a good foundation for sowing.

In view of the fact that soil moisture is insufficient, agronomic measures such as subsoiling and land preparation, "small ridge to large ridge", and conservation tillage are used to improve the effect of soil drought resistance. For places where the drought is severe and there is no water source conditions, try to move the soil as little as possible, and adopt the original ridge card planting to reduce soil water evaporation. According to different soil fertility, scientific and reasonable fertilizer matching, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and micro fertilizer, base fertilizer and top dressing cooperation, advocate "heavy base fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer chasing", to prevent "one bombardment". Where conditions permit, chemical fertilizers can be ditched and applied deeply, and the surface should not be sprinkled, and the fertilizer isolation should be paid attention to to prevent the burning of seeds and seedlings.

Li Ran: It's really exquisite.

Sow seeds at the right time and moisture to improve the quality of sowing.

From late April to early May, when the ground temperature of 5 cm is stable through 10 °C, it can be sown, and the sowing date is too early, which is easy to lead to low-temperature rot and soil-borne diseases such as underground pests and silk smut, and the sowing date is too late to affect the normal growth and development of plants and the filling and dehydration of grain in the later stage. For the autumn preparation field, it is necessary to seize the spring slurry return period to suppress and sow moisture in time, and break the soil as little as possible to protect moisture; For the fields that have not been prepared in autumn, it is advisable to take spring topping slurry to eliminate stubble, sow seeds on the original ridge, and sow moisture in a timely manner.

Popularize drought-resistant technology and strive to sow all seedlings at a time.

According to the production base and resource conditions, promote mature, practical, simple and efficient drought-fighting and water-saving technologies according to local conditions

Onion cultivation method:

Planting time, onions are often planted by sowing methods, and the planting time is generally concentrated in early September in autumn, when the surrounding temperature is suitable, which can be conducive to the growth of onions in the later stage.

Prepare seeds, choose high-quality and full seeds before onion planting, in order to improve the germination rate of seeds, it is best to do a good germination treatment first, or you can sow seeds directly. First, the seeds are soaked in warm water, and then the seeds are wrapped in moist gauze after a little drying, and placed in a warm place to induce germination, and the temperature is kept at about 25 °C, and most of the seeds are exposed before sowing.

Li Hantang: I'm in charge of the onion, I'm not afraid of crying anyway

Zhan Tianyou: I can too, anyway, there is no railway built here.

Prepare the land for furrowing, choose the sunny, leeward, drainage and irrigation convenient plot, for furrow fertilization, furrow height of about 1.5-1.6 meters, width of about 28 cm, the furrow seedlings are loosened, apply rotten base fertilizer.

Sow seeds correctly

Water enough water on the furrow, spread the seeds evenly, cover with a centimeter of thin soil, cover with plastic film after sowing, keep the temperature at about 20 degrees, maintain good humidity, and germinate after about a week. After the onion germinates and emerges, do a good job in seedling management, time seedlings, replenish seedlings, and promote the growth of onion seedlings.

Field management, after the onion seedlings grow steadily, field management can be done. During the growth of seedlings, there should be no shortage of water, the amount of watering should not be too much, and the soil should be kept moist to avoid the seedlings wilting, so as to promote the rapid growth of the seedlings' roots. Good prevention and control of pests and diseases, onion common diseases include rust, purple spot, downy mildew, etc.

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