Xuan Chenyu, Zhou Qian, and Xu Shen met with ——"

Standing on the side of the majestic platform, Liu Ba screamed, and then the voice was conveyed very penetratingly, and the three well-dressed men who had been waiting at the door of the Fengtian Temple for a long time took a deep breath, calmed down their excitement, and immediately lowered their heads and entered the Fengtian Hall step by step.

Fengtian Hall is the main hall of the Great Wei Dynasty, and idle people are not allowed to enter.

On the premise of having no official status, these three people were fortunate to enter and have to pay homage to Long Yan, which is really fortunate.

"Grass people Chen Yu (Zhou Qian, Xu Shen) see my emperor! Long live my emperor, long live, long live! ”

Before the three of them entered the Forbidden City, they had already been taught etiquette by the palace people, so they would not be rude when they faced the saints.

"Let's all be flat."

"Thank you, Your Majesty!"

Looking at the three plain-looking people in front of him, Ran Min bowed slightly.

These three are the most outstanding among hundreds of inventors from all over the world. The things they invented made a big contribution, so they could get the opportunity to meet the king.

"I wonder what you've invented?"

Hearing Ran Min's question, the three people who had already arranged the order, and the first one to stand up was Chen Yu.

"Your Majesty, please see."

Chen Yu then took out a box of gadgets from his sleeve. This box is boxy, and when you open it, it turns out to be a small piece of firewood.

Isn't this a match? Ran Min was stunned.

"What is this?"

"Your Majesty, the name of this thing is matches, and it can be used to make fires!"

"How to use?"

Hearing this, Chen Yu smiled, took out a match, and struck it on the black paper on the edge of the match with a "click", and suddenly, the smell of gunpowder smoke diffused in the air, and the match lit up in response, and a small flame was raised!

"Wow!" Ministers who had not yet seen the effect of matches could not help but be surprised.

Ran Min nodded and said, "This match is indeed an extraordinary thing. Chen Yu, how did you invent this match? “

"Returning to Your Majesty, the grass people accidentally discovered that by dipping sulfur on small wooden sticks, with the help of fire or fire knife flint, it is very convenient to turn yin fire into yang fire. After many experiments, the grass farmers finally found that a mixture of potassium chlorate and sulfur was glued to the matchsticks, and the red phosphorus was applied to the sides of the matchbox. When using, gently rub the match tip on the phosphorus layer to ignite! ”

These chemical terms were formulated by Ran Min at the request of the Academy of Sciences according to the properties of matter.

"Is the process of making this match complicated? How much money does it cost? ”

"Your Majesty, the process of making matches is not complicated, and the money it consumes is not too much. The manufacture of wooden stems and matches can be roughly divided into five parts: stem manufacturing, stem processing, match head manufacturing, box manufacturing, packaging and phosphorus brushing! It can be widely applied to life. ”

"Good!"

Ran Min has already calculated in his heart, this match is so easy to use, if it is run by the state, it will definitely make a lot of money!

Great, what an important way to make money!

Ran Min then asked another person: "Zhou Qian, what did you invent?" ”

Zhou Qian then asked people to lift things up, and it turned out to be a water pump!

"This ...... Is this a water pump? Ran Min was shocked.

This Zhou Qian said: "Your Majesty, the name of this thing is called a pump!" In the past, we used to draw water from the river, or dig a well, and tie a wooden bucket to a rope to get water. This is troublesome and laborious, and the work efficiency is too low, so the grass people came up with such an object, if you use this pump to draw water, you will get twice the result with half the effort, which will save effort and improve efficiency! ”

"Good!"

This pump, like matches, is civilian, but the role of matches is larger, but both should be similar, and the people are beneficial, that is, the country.

"The process of making this pumping machine is not cumbersome, is it?"

"It's not cumbersome. And as long as you know how to make it and have the materials to make it, you can build one in less than a day. ”

"Okay."

Ran Min then looked at the last person again: "Xu Shen, I don't know what you invented?" ”

"Your Majesty, please see."

Xu Shen asked people to carry things to the Fengtian Palace, and Ran Min and the ministers all watched with wide eyes.

"What is this?"

Xu Shen only took out a few wooden boards and a few blank papers, which made everyone puzzled. These things are sparse and commonplace, what kind of invention is it?

Only Ran Min knows, isn't this typography?

"Your Majesty, this is the template, this is the word that has been printed by the template!"

Xu Shen operated it himself, put the white paper on the template dipped in ink, engraved it, and then let the chamberlain present it to Ran Min.

Printing, one of the four great inventions of ancient China!

Holding the paper with the font that had just been engraved in his hand, Ran Min was full of emotion in his heart.

"Xu Shen, your printing skills are really good! For the benefit of the people, really for the benefit of the people! On behalf of all the students in the world, I thank you! Ran Min said solemnly.

"Your Majesty, in the past, our books were mainly copied by hand. However, hand-copying is time-consuming, troublesome, and easy to copy mistakes and omissions! The characteristics of this printing technology are convenient and flexible, saving time and effort. I believe that if Your Majesty can promote this printing technology, many poor students in the world can afford to read books, and they will not be able to release the volume! ”

"Hmm. Very good, very good! ”

"Xu Shen, how did you invent this printing technique?"

"I would like to inform Your Majesty that the grass people were inspired by the seals and stone carvings, and they were inspired by the method of using paper to ink on the stone tablet, so they thought of this printing technique."

Xu Shen said: "The grass people found that they covered a slightly moist paper on the stele, beat it lightly with a soft mallet, so that the paper fell into the concave place of the text on the stele, and then wrapped it in cotton with a cloth after the paper dried, dipped it in ink, and gently patted on the paper, and the paper would leave the same handwriting as the stone tablet with black and white characters. This method is simpler and more reliable than handcopying. ”

Ran Min bowed slightly.

In fact, Ge Hong mentioned in his book "Hug Puzi" that Taoism had already used a large wooden seal with 120 characters four inches square (13.5×13.5).

This is already a small engraving.

In order to make the Buddhist scriptures more vivid, Buddhists often print the Buddha image on the frontispiece of the Buddhist scriptures, and this kind of handmade wooden seal is much less troublesome than hand-painting.

The invention of the brush and ink made it possible for readers not only to read but also to write, without having to need an engraver to wait at any time, as in the era of the knife and pen, and it was more convenient to record their thoughts.

Meng Tian of the Qin Dynasty invented the method of soaking the hair with lime water to remove the water-repellent substances on the surface of the hair, which prompted the production technology of the brush to be finalized, and the brush really became a writing instrument.

So far, the ancients have found a way to write fluently, saving time and effort, so that writing is no longer a chore, and people from the leisure class will also write a few strokes in their spare time to kill time, and try to write beautifully, and even compete with each other to laugh, so as to create a precedent for the art of calligraphy.

Li Si was the first great calligrapher of all time, which illustrates the maturity of brush and ink technology.

The structure of Chinese characters is complex, and the characters written by each person will be different, some are beautiful and beautiful, and some are vulgar and ugly, prompting people to pursue the art of calligraphy.

An important way to improve calligraphy skills is to imitate good calligraphy works, but people who are good at writing are generally scribes and the like, and most of their works are generally government documents, which are difficult for ordinary people to see.

In ancient times, stone tablet inscriptions were prevalent, and people who were good at writing were found to write the base text and then carved out by stonemasons, which was the best model for people to practice writing. The stele is too bulky to take home and continue to imitate.

And this era is the era when there are the most calligraphers!

Wang Xizhi, who wrote "Orchid Pavilion Preface", is still alive!

"It's wonderful. I'm sure I'm going to spread this kind of printing. But Xu Shen, I think your printing skills are still lacking. ”

"Your Majesty, please!"

"Let's talk about the engraving printing process first!"

Xu Shen then spoke eloquently.

The process of engraving printing is roughly as follows: after the manuscript is written, the side with the word is pasted on the board, and the engraving can be engraved, and the engraver uses different forms of carving knives to carve the reverse character ink on the woodblock into a raised yang text, and at the same time the remaining blank part on the woodblock is removed to make it concave.

The lettering on the plate is about 12 mm convex surface. Rinse the carved board with hot water, wash off the wood chips, etc., and the engraving process is complete.

When printing, use a cylindrical flat bottom brush dipped in ink, evenly brush on the board surface, and then carefully cover the paper on the board surface, and gently brush the paper with a brush, and the positive image of words or pictures will be printed on the paper.

The paper is lifted from the printing plate, dried, and the printing process is complete.

A printer can print 1500~2000 sheets a day, and a printing plate can be printed 10,000 times in a row.

The process of stereotyping is a bit like the process of carving a seal, except that there are more words engraved.

The process of printing is the opposite of sealing.

The seal is printed on the top and the paper on the bottom.

The process of engraving printing is a bit like rubbing, but the words on the engraving are the reverse characters of Yang, and the words of the general stele are the orthography of Yin.

In addition, the rubbing ink is applied to the paper, and the engraving printing ink is applied to the plate.

Ran Min listened carefully, and when Xu Shen finished speaking, he said: "Xu Shen, your engraving printing can print hundreds or even thousands of books in one edition, which is a good aspect, but the defects are not small. Stereotyping is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and most books often take several years, and the storage of plates takes up a lot of space, and they are often damaged by deformation, moth-eaten, and corrosion. ”

"Books with a small print run that don't need to be reprinted, the plates become waste. In addition, typos are found in the engraving, and it is very difficult to change them, and the whole plate often needs to be re-engraved! ”

"This ...... Your Majesty, this is inevitable! ”

"No, this can be avoided!"

Tips: Enter "Panda Literature" in the search engine, you can find this site, thank you.

Chapter 0473 Printing