Chapter 448: Military Service System
"In addition to the paperwork to be prepared, we must also be fully prepared ourselves."
Li Ming said about the paperwork that guided the recruitment of soldiers, then looked around, and said solemnly: "At the beginning, we have decided, and the team is divided into four levels: ordinary soldiers, elite soldiers, pro-military battalions, and special troops. ”
"In order to better build these four units in the later stage, it is necessary to distinguish them from the very beginning, and those who have the qualifications to practice martial arts must be selected and joined in the training of pro-military battalions and special units."
Li Ming said, his eyes looked at the group of senior uncles of [Qingsong Guan] with a smile, and arched his hand: "This matter, you will have to bother your senior uncles, compared to us, you are more efficient in detecting the root bones of martial arts." ”
"Those who have a high probability of reaching the realm of first-class masters will be transferred separately and arranged to the [Special Forces] reserve, and those who have a high probability of reaching the realm of second-rate masters will be separately transferred and arranged into the [pro-military camp]."
"Those who can cultivate to the third-rate realm normally will also be marked separately and promoted to officers in the future."
Li Ming said solemnly: "The probability I am talking about is not referring to the [Red Blood Skill] in the cultivation army, but the normal martial arts root bones. ”
The so-called [Red Blood Gong] is the key to maintaining a high combat effectiveness of the army of the Great Qian Empire, this function allows people to quickly improve their strength and reach the realm of the lowest third-rate master and the highest first-class master, but the consequence is the loss of life and potential, which is often as much as three percent lower than the life span of a master of the same level!
In fact, in the Ten Nations Soldiers and Horses Battle Contest that I participated in before, the reason why the soldiers and horses of those countries have such strong combat effectiveness is also to practice this kind of exercises that consume life potential, otherwise how could there be so many master soldiers.
The resources and hard work required by the [pro-military camp] and [special forces] are huge, and Li Ming doesn't want his efforts to be wasted, so he says so.
"Understood."
Hearing what Li Ming said, many disciples of the [Qingsong Guan] Junior Uncles nodded with a smile and spoke, Li Ming nodded with satisfaction, and then looked at Zhao Xiu: "Zhao Xiu, you and I agree with the idea of the special force, and use the method we discussed to train, after these people are divided, you will accept them first, arrange them in separate accommodation, arrange separate meals, and separate training." ”
"Understood."
Zhao Xiu smiled and nodded, and said in agreement.
"Wang Guangyun, your combat effectiveness is the highest, and we can gather the manpower of our pro-military camp, but the high-strength weapons needed for weapons and equipment have not yet come from the [Thousand Machine Pavilion], so I have to trouble you to make an extra trip."
Li Ming looked at Wang Guangyun on the side again, and said with a smile.
"Don't worry, big brother, I will do this thing."
Wang Guangyun stood up and said seriously.
"Well, you are steady, I don't worry."
Li Yang smiled, Qianji Pavilion is in the weapons business, so naturally he will not refuse to have someone come to the door to deliver silver, so he is very relieved.
"Liu Zhuang, Liu Wu, you are personally responsible for the pro-military camp, do you remember what we said before about the training method?"
Li Ming's eyes looked at Liu Zhuang and Liu Wu again, and asked with a smile.
"Big brother, don't worry, understand!"
Liu Zhuang Liu Wu nodded, immediately got up and said.
"Okay, master, uncle, brothers, this recruitment is not only ordinary people, but also many martial arts heroes, and the matter of the town is going to be handed over to you."
Li Ming looked at his master, his uncle, and the remaining Qingsongguan disciples with a smile again, and said with his hands clasped into his fists.
"After a few months of diligent cultivation, not only have your senior uncles reached the point of being first-class in the late stage, even if your senior brothers have also broken through to the first-class realm, plus me and your uncle, as well as your senior brother Chen Yue, Zhenchangzi, there is absolutely no problem."
Master Li Ming opened his mouth with a smile, Li Ming also nodded with a smile, and then looked at Feng Jianming and Zi Donglai on the side: "Master, Senior Zi, I still have to bother you to sit in the center, what is there to rescue us in time!" ”
"I'm ordered to protect your safety, so let's follow you, and let Feng Daoyou sit in the center."
Zi Donglai shook his head, hugged his fist at Li Ming, and spoke.
"That's fine."
Li Ming thought about it and nodded with a smile, and then waved his hand, and everyone began to act.
And Li Ming took his master, uncle, and brother to set off with Zi Donglai, and checked the grain and grass weapons first.
In the Great Qian Empire, the soldier and horse system was similar to the combination of the conscription system and the government military system.
In ancient times, there were many conscription systems in the military service system, such as the conscription system and the government military system, which were the two major conscription systems in ancient times. The ancient conscription system in the East is also in the process of continuous improvement and change. Conscription in the feudal era The Tang Dynasty was a watershed, and before the Tang Dynasty, the army was fighting, had combat effectiveness, and was external. After the Tang Dynasty, it was to prevent the army from rebelling, and the combat effectiveness was constantly declining. Therefore, the conscription system in the feudal era was constantly faced with various contradictions. It is also constantly improving.
In the early Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Eastern Kingdom established a relatively complete military system. During this period, the military service system was practiced in Dongguo. The inhabitants of the country and its suburbs are called "kokujin", they are the elite class, the propertied class, and the areas outside the "kokujin" are called no, and the people who live here are called "savages", who are conquered. "Untouchables". Only "Chinese people" are entitled to be eligible for military service, while "savages" can only engage in agricultural labor and labor service. The military service system of the Chinese people belongs to the militia system of integrating soldiers and peasants and integrating soldiers and peasants, that is, farming in peacetime and fighting in wartime. In the late Shang Dynasty, there was also a kind of standing army - the "three armies", which encountered large-scale wars, but the scale was very small, mainly to defend the royal city, but also to levy civilians as soldiers at any time.
After the Western Zhou Dynasty, not only did the Zhou royal family have an army, but the princes of the feudal countries also had their own armed forces, and the princes of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period fought in a melee. At this time, the military system also changed a lot. The vassal states were frantically expanding their armies. Restrictions on the status of soldiers were abolished and a system of county conscription was introduced. The Qin State implemented the method of awarding Tian Jin Jue according to military merits to improve the status of the Shuren. Savages who were not entitled to military service in the past also have the right to military service at this time. The national military service system was replaced by the universal military service system.
In the Warring States period, the military service system abolished the hereditary system in the military organization and implemented the merit system. More importantly, the military has begun to emerge as an independent political and functional group, that is, career officers have entered the political arena.
Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms and became the first emperor of the feudal dynasty in the history of the Eastern Kingdom. Forming a political, military, economic, and cultural unification of the whole country, the emperor first strengthened his control over the army, and the Qin Dynasty implemented a universal military service system, requiring 17-year-old male citizens to register for military service and be conscripted into the army at any time. That is, all the people are soldiers. The conscription system of the Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, but at all times, it was an army under the personal control of the emperor. In order to facilitate conscription, the Han Dynasty had a strict registration system for household registration. In the Han Dynasty, the targets of military service conscription were mainly peasants, and the military age was 17-60 years old. Hermes-Epitek is required to serve in the military for two years in its lifetime. One year of service in the county is called a pawn, and one year of service in the Beijing division or border guards is called a guard or a pawn". Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty repeatedly conquered the Xiongnu, and the conscription system based on a stable economic system became unenforceable. As a result, the Western Han Dynasty began to recruit troops by themselves by local governors (mainly on the border), which was the beginning of the recruitment of troops in the Western Han Dynasty to make up for the lack of conscription. This measure continued into the Eastern Han Dynasty.
After Liu Xiu ascended the throne, he continued this conscription system. However, this measure allowed the local governors to gradually grasp the military and political power over time. This move also greatly inflated the power of the local county guards. In the event of a local rebellion, the central army was not enough to deal with it, so it had to temporarily recruit troops to be recruited by local officials, and the biggest disadvantage of the recruitment system was that the army's combat effectiveness weakened. Due to the lack of strict selection, the recruits have no military training and are not of high quality, and once they are recruited, they will serve in the army for life. It also became the private soldier of the local governor, and later broke out due to the Yellow Turban Uprising. The conscription system has provided convenient conditions for local tyrants and officials to divide one side. This situation eventually evolved into a situation of warlord secession in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Later, the establishment of the Three Kingdoms, in terms of the source of soldiers, the Three Kingdoms in the troubled times were generally a combination of recruitment, conscription, surrender and other conscription methods.
During the period of the two Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, it was the first time that the military system was released. This is a major reform in the military system of the Eastern Kingdom, the government military system was founded in the Western Wei Yuwentai, the characteristics of the government military system are: the imperial court selects strong people to serve as government soldiers, exempting them from the burden of taxes. During the leisure time, military training was carried out, and the horses, food, and weapons used by one soldier were supplied by six families. A total of 100 prefectures were set up, and each prefecture had a Lang general, which belonged to the command of 24 armies. Yuwentai imitated Zhou Dian and placed the six armies and merged them into a hundred mansions. Each province will be under the command of the twenty-four armies, and each of the Kaifu will lead an army. There are twelve generals, each of which is in charge of two governments, one pillar of the country is the second general, and all the six members of the pillar country are supervised by the blessing festival. Sixteen years of nationality and talent, for the government soldiers. It's just that the military system mentioned here is not the integration of soldiers and peasants, but the integration of soldiers and peasants, and after the combination of the military and land system, the integration of soldiers and peasants really began. This is the famous Eight Pillars, the prototype of the Guanlong Group. The emperors of the Sui and Tang dynasties all came from this group.
The Sui and Tang dynasties were both government military systems, and later due to serious land annexation, the government military system based on the Juntian system was difficult to maintain. Only when soldiers can get the land can the effect of integrating soldiers and farmers achieve the effect. The outbreak of the Anshi Rebellion was due to the concentration of land, the Juntian system was destroyed, and the military system could not be implemented. On the other hand, the festival made the army self-respecting, and abandoned the government military system and adopted the conscription system. As a result, the government military system, which had lasted for more than 200 years, went bankrupt and was eventually replaced by the conscription system. By the time the Tang Dynasty fell, the army was very combative. In the Song Dynasty, the state system was reversed, the two Song Dynasty emphasized literature and suppressed the military, and the state implemented the conscription system and abandoned the government military system. The troops are divided into four classes, the forbidden army, the box army, the township soldiers, and the Fan soldiers. The forbidden army is the elite army of the country, and the box army, the township soldiers, and the Fan soldiers are the reserves. The conscription of the two Song Dynasty troops was not for war, but to prevent rebellion, in order to maintain social stability, anyone could be a soldier, not quality, only quantity, so the combat effectiveness of the two Song Dynasty armies was not high. This shows that the conscription system of the Northern Song Dynasty was deformed, and the army of the Song Dynasty not only did not have high combat effectiveness, but also increased the financial burden.
For the first time, the military command system of the Song Dynasty appeared in a situation where civilian officials were in charge of the army, and the military power of the country was divided into two, and two institutions were set up, one was the Privy Council and the other was the Sanya. The Privy Council is the highest military decision-making body, responsible for military decrees, military mobilization, recruitment, logistics and training, and other military affairs. His prefect was the chief and deputy privy councillor, and his status was equal to that of the prime minister. Although the Privy Council is in charge of the military, it is generally held by civilian personnel, and the Privy Council only has the power to send troops, but not to command troops. The function of the Sanya is to command the forbidden army in the world. The three yas do not belong to each other, and the three yas only have the right to lead the troops, but they do not have the right to transfer troops. Moreover, the Privy Council and the Sanya are all civilian officials, and the military generals are completely gone. It was precisely this "deformed" recruitment system that made the military system of the Song Dynasty redundant and inefficient, making the Song Dynasty "poor and weak".
After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang used the Wei Institute as a military grassroots organization. 5,600 people are 1 guard, 1,120 people are 1,000 households, and 112 people are 100 households. At the beginning of the imperial court, the Metropolitan Governor's Office (the general headquarters of the three armies) was established to govern the national army. A.D. 1382), the abolition of the Metropolitan Governor's Office, the establishment of the front, rear, left, right, and middle five military governors to manage the national guard army, but did not have the right to transfer troops. The military department has the right to transfer troops, but it has no troops in its hands. Only the emperor has the highest military power. However, it is still the civilian government in charge of the army, and the military status of the guard is different from that of the civilian household, and it is hereditary and cannot be changed, so as to ensure the source of soldiers. The soldiers' tasks are to go out on the expedition, defend and garrison the fields. On weekdays, the army practiced self-cultivation and drills. On the whole, the guard military system is similar to the government military system, in Zhu Yuanzhang's own words, that is, the country raises millions of soldiers, and it does not cost the state money and food. Later, the land was annexed, the military system of the guard post went bankrupt, and the guard posts were in vain. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, it was in fact a professional army based on the conscription system.
When the Qing Dynasty was first established, it was a combination of soldiers and civilians. It is also on the Eight Banners, the Eight Banners are developed on the basis of the military system before entering the customs, it is armed with eight different colors of flags, and the Eight Banners adopt a hereditary system, and the children of the Eight Banners over the age of 16 are all soldiers. After the unification of the country, the Mongolian Eight Banners, the Han Army Eight Banners, and the Green Battalion were established to form a national army with the Eight Banners, and the Qing Dynasty army was hereditary, and the Green Battalion was also a hereditary system, and the generations were soldiers. In this way, although the country has ensured the supply of troops, the combat effectiveness of the army is not high. After the Opium War, the national army system went bankrupt. The modern military service system gradually took shape.
Throughout the history of the Eastern Kingdom, the military service system was the government military system and the conscription system, and the two were interchangeable and often combined, and the changes in the military service system and the state finance were often tied together. When the country's finances are sufficient, the army will be strong, and when the finances are depleted, the army's combat effectiveness will be poor, which is a bit similar to what it is now. Conscription is combined with conscription. It also involves the question of how to deal with military power, the army has great power, although its combat effectiveness is high, it is easy to rebel, and the power of the generals is weakened, although the imperial power is consolidated, but the army's combat effectiveness is poor. But this is a dead knot in feudal times. (End of chapter)