The mentally ill have a wide range of thinking, and the young people of Erbi have a lot of joy.

When a teacher is most afraid of encountering a student like Zhu Gaoxu, who is broad-minded and irritable and active.

Fortunately, Jiang Xinghuo was able to pull it back.

"We're just talking about normal exchanges."

Jiang Xinghuo said seriously: "The higher the frequency and scale of exchange, the more difficult it becomes to exchange different items with each other, even if the exchange of goods can be established, it will consume too much manpower, material resources and time, and the low efficiency of exchange seriously hinders the development of production, so something that can be used as a medium of exchange will inevitably come into being."

"—this thing is the general equivalent!"

Zhu Gaoxu put down the stone and was no longer irritable, and asked curiously, "Mr. Jiang, what is a general equivalent?"

Jiang Xinghuo also put down the leaves in his hand and spoke eloquently.

"Aside from the strict definition, to put it simply, it is an equivalent item that is specially used as an exchange, such as sheepskin, rice, shells, etc."

"It's easy to understand, it's really an item that is used to exchange items." Zhu Gaoxu said.

Li Jinglong pursed the corners of his lips, a little disapproving.

I thought Jiang Xinghuo was going to talk about something profound, but I didn't expect it to be blunt, it was just a matter of ordinary people buying and selling things.

So to speak. Li Jinglong clenched the branch in his hand, Lao Tzu's meat is the most valuable.

Outside the walls, secret rooms.

Hearing this, Xia Yuanji finally showed a solemn look for the first time.

Unlike Li Jinglong, Xia Yuanji is the God of Wealth of the Ming Dynasty, and he is really in charge of the money bag.

It is precisely because of this that Natsuhara Yoshichi is extremely sensitive to anything that involves "money".

"General equivalent," Natsuhara muttered.

Zhu Di asked leisurely, "What's wrong with Xia Shangshu?"

"Not really." Natsuhara Yoshichi frankly admitted, "It's just that I suddenly feel that the person on the other side seems to be talking a little interesting now. Although the minister manages the world's money for His Majesty, to be honest, the minister has never thought, 'Money, how did this thing come from, because of what, it's like.'

"It's like it's a matter of course, it's meant to be that way, isn't it?" Zhu Di added.

Xia Yuanji was stunned, and nodded his head.

As Zhu Di described, as long as the word "money" is mentioned, everyone knows what money is.

But how did "money" come into being and how did it develop?

If you ask someone this question, Da Ming is not an ordinary person, but most of the officials, I am afraid they are all at a loss.

Only the household officials who are engaged in the way of economics, or the well-read old Hanlin, may be able to tell a thing or two from the records of the historical books.

But if you want to think of Jiang Xinghuo and talk about the generation and development of "money" so clearly and methodically, I'm afraid Daming won't be able to find a second person.

Xia Yuanji's attitude began to change quietly, and his initial disdain was gradually put away by him.

"Then you say that conscription is also a matter of course, and it is also inherently so?"

Faced with Zhu Di's inexplicable question, Xia Yuanji was at first at a loss, and then a hint of color flashed in his eyes.

….

Xia Yuanji suddenly thought of two questions.

is about to implement the apportionment into the mu, and the workload of the household department is like abruptly pressing down on several mountains, in such an urgent situation, it is impossible for Zhu Di to feel that he is very idle, and it is impossible to pull him to the edict to listen to the lecture for no reason.

Could it be said. The abolition of forced labor into the acre, Your Majesty also heard from here? From the mouth of the gentle, calm voice across the wall?

"Hiss~"

Xia Yuanji's chest rose and fell, and he exhaled slightly, suppressing the bold thought in his heart.

If this idea is true, then I am afraid that I will really have to completely change the attitude of disdain just now!

Xia Yuanji has been from a family since childhood

The poor were aware of the people's sufferings, and he was honest and simple, and he was not exactly the same as those officials from the big landlord class in the DPRK and China, and his interests were not exactly the same.

It is precisely because of this that Xia Yuanji can use a relatively objective position to evaluate the policy of apportionment into the mu.

Just four words, a good way to save the country.

And the person who can come up with such a good way to save the country must be knowledgeable and visionary, and the other party has explained the "origin of money" so clearly, maybe he should come up with a humility to listen.

In fact, this mentality did not change suddenly, when the concept of "general equivalent" fell into the ears of Natsuhara.

At this moment, Xia Yuanji denied his previous inference.

This person on the other side of the wall, it's not simple!

At least, he saw the exchange very thoroughly.

The so-called "general equivalent" can be described as hitting the nail on the head!

Natsuhara never thought about the connection between exchange and the birth of money.

Today, I was inspired by the point, and I suddenly felt that many things that I couldn't figure out before suddenly became enlightened.

And if the person opposite is the person who proposes 'to divide the labor into the acre, then I am afraid that the importance of his words will be greatly improved!

Natsuhara began to see the people on the other side of the wall as equal objects who could discuss the way of economics in the air, rather than as ignorant and bold fanatics.

Just when Xia Yuanji's expression began to become solemn, Zhu Di's thoughts began to slowly enter the unknown realm.

Zhu Di suddenly remembered what the old monk Daoyan said before.

Do you think it is impossible to exist without seeing it?

Is there really anything in this world that is taken for granted and innately so?

Outside the walls.

Zhu Gaoxu didn't think about it so much, he listened with relish, and asked instead.

"Is the so-called 'general equivalent' money?"

"It's not."

"The objects used for exchange are condensed with human labor." Jiang Xinghuo patiently explained: "After the emergence of general equivalents, only when the items used for exchange are exchanged for general equivalents, can the labor condensed on the goods be recognized by society and become direct social labor, so that they can actually have exchange value and be exchanged for other commodities at any time."

"The general equivalent becomes the medium of commodity exchange, plays the role of money, but it is not yet money."

"It was only when the function of the general equivalent was stabilized in gold, silver, and bronze that it developed into money."

Li Jinglong held his cheek with one hand, he suddenly felt that this statement seemed very interesting, it seems that what Jiang Lang wants to talk about is not a child's exchange of toys.

….

Jiang Xinghuo continued, "Money has two functions, one is to measure the value of goods as a unified demarcator, and the other is to serve as a medium to facilitate the transaction of goods."

"And gold, silver, and copper have these two functions, and they have become money."

Li Jinglong did not seriously think about what the value of commodities should define before, nor did he think about why gold, silver and copper became currency.

At this time, when he heard the words, he involuntarily followed with a slight bow.

"Wait."

Zhu Gaoxu's eyes were full of confusion when the reflex arc was a little long, and he was still stuck in the previous paragraph.

"Mr. Jiang said that on the top of the object, human labor is condensed?" Zhu Gaoxu asked.

"Of course!"

Zhu Gaoxu continued to ask incomprehensibly, "Objects are objects, what does it have to do with human labor?"

Hearing this, Jiang Xinghuo's expression suddenly became serious.

Jiang Xinghuo opened his mouth and said solemnly word by word.

"You have to remember that all goods and values are created by laborers!"

"This is the same as all history is the history of the people!"

"Actually. . That's what I want to tell you thoroughly."

Jiang Xinghuo's fingers stopped

Stay in the air, then slowly unfold, wrap around, and clench into a fist.

"Gold, silver and copper carry the exchange of goods, but the essence of exchange is the blood and sweat efforts of every laborer after the socialization of the great division of labor, they exchange their blood and sweat for money, and then exchange currency for living needs."

"Every currency is condensed with the blood and sweat of laborers!"

As soon as these words came out, Li Jinglong and Zhu Gaoxu were stunned for a moment.

At this time, the expressions they looked at the silver coin in Jiang Xinghuo's hand became different from before.

Currency condenses the blood and sweat of laborers!

The deafening and deafening part of this sentence is not inferior to "Compassion for Nong" "Who knows that Chinese food on the plate is hard work"!

But in fact, isn't it really as Jiang Xinghuo said?

Money is simply a medium through which items are exchanged.

It is the laborers, not the money itself, that really creates things of value.

It is one ordinary worker after another, nameless and anonymous, who has been submerged in the long river of history, who has created all the valuable things in this world.

All items are condensed with the blood and sweat of laborers!

Most of this blood and sweat flowed into the hands of dignitaries and nobles with the exchange of goods facilitated by the medium of money.

At this time, Zhu Gaoxu looked at the bag of golden beans he was carrying in his arms.

didn't come to the ground, it was obviously the scorching sun.

But I felt a hint. Chilly.

And Li Jinglong reflected for the first time, is the silver he saved in the Cao Guo Mansion really silver?

Isn't it the cries and curses of the souls of countless miners buried in the collapsed silver mines?

Li Jinglong looked at the silver coin he gave to Jiang Xinghuo, and he was stupid.

"Zheng!"

The silver coin of the Eight Si Pa Wen bounced up from Jiang Xinghuo's slender fingertips again and landed firmly in the palm of his hand.

Jiang Xinghuo looked at the silver coin that was shining in the midday sun and sighed deeply.

"In this world, money is the most innocent, because the exchange value they carry is created by thousands of laborers with clean hands and down-to-earth feet."

….

"But money is also the dirtiest thing in this world, and since it came into this world, it has dripping blood and filth from every pore from head to toe."

"Currency is closely related to every ordinary worker, so whether a country can correctly view and use currency invisibly determines whether the country is like water or boiling at home."

Jiang Xinghuo returned from solemnity and solemnity, and he said calmly, "The first part, the origin and development of money, has been talked about so far. The second part, Money, the Commodity Economy and Inflation, I'll start with this coin."

"This silver coin carries not only the official language of the Mongols, but also the ups and downs of the people's hearts and the rise and fall of the Yuan Dynasty."

"Are you ready to hear this story?"

Hearing this, Xia Yuanji felt as if there were ants crawling on his body, and unconsciously twisted around in the chair, and he really couldn't sit still.

"Money condenses the blood and sweat of laborers!"

"How a country uses its currency determines whether the people's will is like water or the sea is boiling."

"Well, that's a good point! Great!" Natsuhara muttered.

"That's what I'm trying to say, that's the way of the economy!"

Hearing Xia Yuanji's trough, Zhu Di still nestled in the chair with his hands and body, and said with a smile on his face.

"Xia Shangshu, get up and loosen your muscles and bones, and pace."

Xia Yuanji breathed a sigh of relief, said thank you, got up and paced in the not spacious secret room, talking as he walked.

"The person on the other side really explained the essence of money thoroughly! It also explains the relationship between money and the people and the country thoroughly!"

"Taught, mouth open, mouth mouth open!"

Xia Yuanji saluted Zhu Di, "It's a minister who is ignorant, and he hasn't

Understand Your Majesty's painstaking efforts, today's half-day is definitely not a waste, and the minister has benefited a lot!"

Zhu Di still looked like he was expecting this, and waved his hand disapprerovingly.

"Who is the name of the person who dares to be on the other side of the wall?"

Xia Yuanji saw that he was eager to hunt, and asked Zhu Di again.

"Jiang Xinghuo."

Xia Yuanji pondered for a moment, but he didn't remember the name at all.

He said to Zhu Di earnestly, "Your Majesty, talents are rare!"

"If this person is a prisoner, the minister has the courage to ask His Majesty to give him a chance to make meritorious contributions, just by virtue of what he just said, with such knowledge, it is more than enough to be a member of the household department, and it is a pity to be a prisoner."

"Uncle Sun Ao is lifted in the sea, and a hundred miles are lifted in the city. I also ask Your Majesty to agree to the minister's request, and let this person follow the minister's household department!"

Seeing that Zhu Di was still smiling and not answering, Xia Yuanji was stunned for a while.

But his own pattern is small, if the person opposite is really the person who proposes to share the labor into the mu, then Zhu Di definitely attaches great importance to it, and if he wants to use it, how can he be limited to his own part.

Xia Yuanji paced in a circle and returned to the same place.

There is no way, this special eavesdropping wall is like this, and the secret room is destined to not do much for the sake of sound amplification and echo effects.

And Xia Yuanji turned around and glanced at it casually, only to find that the two transparent officials in the room were looking at each other and smiling.

….

Xia Yuanji's heart became more and more weird, how could the emperor and these two little officials expect their reactions?

When Xia Yuanji got close to the case, he saw that the two officials had good handwriting and clear records, so he was very curious.

"What's your two names?" Is it a prison official?" Xia Yuanji asked in a low voice.

The person who was asked hung his pen and said with some surprise in his tone: "If you go back to Xia Shangshu, you will use it when you go down to Guo Jin, and you will be a student, not a prison official. It's just that Jinyiwei is in urgent need of manpower for reconstruction, so Commander Ji borrowed it from Taixue and a few classmates, and came."

Xia Yuanji knew in his heart, this is where Ji Gang did something wrong. The reconstruction of Jinyiwei requires a large number of scholars to be clerical officials, and it is impossible to directly transfer court officials, and where are the most scholars in Nanjing? Of course, it's too learned.

So he naturally tied up the readers who needed to come to prison, and the so-called 'borrowing' was just to give Ji Gang a face.

"What about you?" Natsuhara looked at the other person.

The face of this life's national character is not very old, but it looks square and dull.

He put down the pen in his hand, got up seriously and saluted, and replied, "Chaicha, the word Shuyu, Qiantang lifts people. Home is close, this year the original intention is to come to Nanjing for a long time, get to know more students and have exchanges, in case the next year's meeting will test Your Majesty's heavenly soldiers to come quickly, so they are stranded in the city, and the entanglement is also exhausted.

Hearing this, even Zhu Di was a little sideways.

A student, a person, should have been a leisurely landscape and a poet at an ordinary age, but now he has become a prisoner who is imprisoned here in another form.

"Listen well, everything you hear is rotten in your stomach."

Zhu Di just said lightly, and the two readers who had been worried for many days, whether they were sleek or upright, suddenly felt that the big stone in their hearts had fallen to the ground, but the surprise on their faces could not be hidden.

The one named Guo Jin was even more silent at Xia Yuanji, but the firewood cart sat back on his chair, dipped in ink, and prepared to continue recording.

And Jiang Xinghuo, who is separated by a wall, naturally doesn't know the story that happened on the other side.

After a slight pause to sort out his thoughts, Jiang Xinghuo's words took everyone into the thrilling historical torrent of the currency reform of the Yuan Dynasty a hundred years ago.

Thank you for the alliance leader "in the clouds", and wish the alliance leader a long and prosperous life!

(End of chapter)

West Lake in the rain

.. com, next time I update you to continue reading, look forward to the wonderful continue!