To solve the problem, we must not start everywhere, but grasp the key problem, dissect it clearly, and clean it. Some people always want to solve all the problems, but one problem makes them rarely helpless. If you can point to the key problems, you can get twice the result with half the effort and achieve great results, which is the essence of the "Nine Places" of "The Art of War".

【This Guide】

This article mainly introduces the nine operational areas and their corresponding operational principles, the general rules of fighting in the enemy's internal territory, and the tactics of conducting war.

The nine types of combat areas are: "scattered land", "light land", "contentious land", "handover land", "street land", "heavy land", "enclosed land", and "dead land". The corresponding operational principles are: there is no war if the land is scattered, there is no end to the light land, there is no attack if the land is contested, there is no end to the land that is handed over, the land is combined with the land, the heavy land is plundered, the land is encircled, the land is encircled, and the land is killed.

The general rule of fighting in enemy territory is: if you go deep, you will be specialized, and the master will not refrain from it; Plundering in the wilderness, the three armies have enough food, be cautious and do not work, and accumulate strength, and the strategy of transporting troops is unpredictable. There is nowhere to go, and the column is not north.

The strategy of the implementation of the war: the beginning is like a virgin, and the enemy opens an account; After taking off the rabbit, the enemy is too late to refuse.

The theme words of this article: Qudi is a combination of friends, and a thousand miles of killing.

【Source of Wisdom】

Sun Tzu said: In the method of using war, there are scattered land, light land, contentious land, handover land, Qu land, heavy land, encirclement, encirclement land, and death land. The princes fought for themselves in their lands, and they were scattered. He who enters the land of man but does not go deep is a light land. I gain, and Peter gains, for the sake of the land. I can go, and he can come, for the land. The land of the princes belongs to the three genera, and the one who first wins the people of the world is Qudi. The land that enters the people is deep, and there are many cities and towns behind it, which is an important land. Walking in the mountains and forests, dangers, and frustration, those who are difficult to walk are the land. Those who enter are narrow, those who return from them are roundabout, and those who can strike at our people are the land. If you fight, you will survive, and if you don't fight, you will die. Therefore, there is no war in scattered land, there is no end in light land, there is no attack in contention, there is no end in handing over land, there is no end to the land, there is merging in Qu land, plundering heavy land, encircling land is done, encircling land is plotting, and fighting to the death.

The so-called good use of soldiers in ancient times can make the enemy not close to each other, the outnumbered and outnumbered, the noble and the lowly do not save each other, the upper and lower do not collect, the pawns are separated but not gathered, and the troops are combined but not together. Move in line with the profit, and stop at the point of not the benefit. Dare to ask: "What will the enemy do in the future?" He said: "Take what he loves first, and then listen." "The love of the soldier is the main speed, taking advantage of the lack of people, and attacking it from the wrong way.

Where the way of hospitality, in-depth is specialized, and the master does not refuse; plundered in the wilderness, and the three armies ate enough; Be cautious and don't work, and accumulate strength; The strategy of transporting troops is unpredictable. Throw nowhere to go, die and not north. Death is not possible, and the scholars are gone. If a soldier is trapped, he is not afraid, if he has nothing to do, if he goes deep, he will be detained, and if he has to fight. Therefore, his soldiers do not cultivate, do not ask for it, do not ask for it, and believe it without orders. Forbid to doubt, and there is nothing to do until death. We have no money to spare, and we are not evil goods; There is no life left, and it is not an evil life. On the day of the order, those who sit on the soldiers will weep, and those who lie on their backs will be wept. Those who go to the past, the courage of all and the others.

Therefore, those who make good use of soldiers, such as those who are reckless; Those who are reckless are also the snakes of the mountains. Hit its head and tail will arrive, hit its tail and hit it first, and hit it all in it. Dare to ask: "Can a soldier make such a reckless way?" He said, "Yes." "The Fu Wu people and the Yue people are also evil, when they are in the same boat, when they meet the wind, their rescue is also like the left and right hands. It is the old horse buried in the wheel, not enough to be ashamed; If Qi Yong is one, the government is also; Both rigidity and softness are obtained, and the principles of the earth are also. Therefore, those who make good use of soldiers, if they join hands to make one person, they have no choice but to do so.

The general's affairs are quiet and quiet, and they are being treated. It can make fools their eyes and ears ignorant; Easy to do things, change them, make people ignorant; Easy to live, detour, so that people do not worry. Handsome with the period, such as climbing high and going to its ladder. Shuai and he went deep into the land of the princes, and took the opportunity, burned the boat and broke the cauldron, if the flock of sheep was driven, driven to, driven to, and driven, I don't know what to do. Gathering the army and throwing themselves into danger is also a matter of the general. The changes of the nine places, the benefits of bending and stretching, and the reason of human feelings are indispensable.

Where the way of hospitality, deep is specialized, shallow is scattered. Those who go to the country to cross the border and learn are Jedi; Those who reach the four are also in Qudi;

Those who go deep are also heavy on the ground; Those who enter the shallow, the light ground also; Those who have fixed the front pass will also enclose the ground; Those who have nothing to do will die. It is the old place, and I will have a will; Light land, I will make it belong; Fight for land, I will follow behind; I will guard the land;

Qudi, I will consolidate its knots; Heavy land, I will follow its food; I will enter the ground; Enclose the land, I will stuff it; Dead, I will show that I will not live. Therefore, the feelings of the soldiers, the siege is royal, the last resort is to fight, and the past is from.

Therefore, those who do not know the plots of the princes cannot pay in advance; Those who do not know the shape of mountains and forests, dangers, and frustration cannot march; If you don't need a guide, you can't get the right place. Four or five, I don't know one, and the soldiers who are not overlords are also. The soldiers of the overlord and the big country are not allowed to gather; If the power is added to the enemy, they will not be able to get along. Therefore, it does not fight for the friendship of the world, does not raise the power of the world, believes in the private, and threatens the enemy, so its city can be pulled out, and its country can be conquered. Give the reward of the impossible, hang the order of the government, and commit the three armies, if one is made. If you commit a crime, don't tell it; Do not sue for harm if you commit a crime. Cast into the land of death and then survive, fall into the land of death and then live. The husband is in harm's way, and then he can win or lose. Therefore, the matter of being a soldier lies in following the enemy's intentions, and has always killed generals for thousands of miles.

It is the day of the old government, and there is no way to make it; Powerful on the Lang Temple, in order to punish it. When the enemy opens and closes, he will rush in, first what he loves, and then wait for him. Practice ink with the enemy, to fight a decisive battle. It is like a virgin from the beginning, and the enemy opens; After taking off the rabbit, the enemy is too late to refuse.

【Classic Interpretation】

Sun Tzu said: According to the principle of employing troops, military geography includes scattered land, light land, land contention, land handover, qu land, heavy land, encircled land, encircled land, and dead land. The area in which the princes fought within their own borders was called the scattered lands. The place where the enemy fights shallowly, near and deep is called light land. The area in which our side gains advantage and the enemy gains advantage is called land grab. The area where our army can go and the enemy can also come is called Jiaodi. The area adjacent to several vassal states, where you can get the aid of the vassal states by arriving first, is called Qudi. The area that goes deep into the heart of the enemy country and is backed by many enemy cities is called a heavy land. Areas that are difficult to pass, such as mountain forests and water network swamps, are called mounds. The road to advance is narrow, the road to retreat is long, and the enemy can attack the area with a large number of our troops with a small number of troops, which is called an encirclement. An area where you can survive by fighting quickly and being wiped out if you don't fight quickly is called a place of death. Therefore, it is not advisable to fight in scattered areas, it is not advisable to stop in light areas, we should not reluctantly attack when we encounter land contention, we should not cut off contact with land in battle, we should make friends with princes when we enter Qudi, we must plunder grain and grass when we go deep into heavy land, we must pass through quickly when we encounter encircled land, we must plan to escape danger when we fall into encircled land, and we must fight hard to survive when we are in a dead place.

In the past, those who were good at commanding operations were able to prevent the enemy's front and rear troops from cooperating with each other, the main force and small units unable to rely on each other, officers and men unable to rescue each other, unable to gather and close together from top to bottom, and difficult to concentrate the officers and soldiers when they were scattered. As for our army, it will fight when it is beneficial to us, and stop its operations if it is not beneficial to us. Question:

"The enemy is large and attacking me in good formation, so what should I do against it?" The answer was: "Take the enemy's most crucial advantage first, so that it will have to be at our mercy." "The reason for using the army is in God, taking advantage of the enemy's unpreparedness, taking the path that the enemy does not expect, and attacking the enemy's unguarded places.

The general rule of conducting operations in the territory of the enemy country is: If we go deep into the hinterland of the enemy country, the military spirit of our army will be strengthened, and it will not be easy for the enemy to defeat us. Plundering grain and grass in the fertile fields of the enemy country will ensure sufficient supplies for the whole army.

It is necessary to pay attention to the rest and recuperation of the troops, so as not to make them too tired. Maintain morale, accumulate strength, deploy troops, and decorate so that it is impossible to judge the intentions of our army. Put the troops in a desperate situation with no way out, and the soldiers will rather die than retreat. If the soldiers would rather not retreat, then how could they not fight to the death? When a soldier is in a dangerous situation, there is no fear in his heart;

With no way out, the morale of the army will naturally be stable; If you go deep into enemy territory, the army will not be scattered. When faced with a situation of last resort, the army will fight to the death. Therefore, such an army can be on guard without reorganization; You don't have to force it to get the job done;

Intimacy and solidarity without restraint; Discipline will be followed if you don't wait for the order. Forbid divination and superstition, and dispel the doubts of the soldiers, and he will not run away until he dies. Our sergeants have no money to spare, not because they hate money; Our sergeants died outside of the degree, and this is not because they hate longevity. When the battle order was issued, the sitting soldiers stained their clothes with tears, and the lying soldiers burst into tears. Put the soldiers in a desperate situation with no way out, and they will all be as brave as Zhuan Zhu and Cao Di.

A person who is good at commanding operations can make the troops act like a snake that "takes the lead." "Frank Ran" is a kind of snake in Changshan, hit its head, and its tail will come to the rescue; Hit its tail, and its head will come to its rescue; Hit it on the waist, and its head came to its rescue, and asked, "Can you make the army like 'Frank'?" The answer was, "Yes." "The Wu people and the Yue people hate each other, but when they cross the river in the same boat and encounter a strong wind, they rescue each other, and the tacit understanding is like a left and right hand. Therefore, it is unreliable to stabilize the troops by tying the horses together and burying the wheels deep in the wheels to show the determination to fight to the death. The key to enabling the troops to work together and fight bravely as one lies in the proper management of the troops, and in order to enable the soldiers with different advantages and disadvantages to play their role, the fundamental lies in the proper use of the terrain. Therefore, the people who use the troops can unite the whole army hand in hand, because the objective situation compels the troops to do so.

In the matter of commanding the army, it is necessary to consider strategy, be calm and unpredictable, and manage the troops in a fair, strict, and orderly manner. to be able to blind the eyes and ears of the soldiers, so that they have no knowledge of military operations; Changing operational arrangements and original plans made it impossible for people to see through the truth; From time to time, we change our positions and deliberately make it impossible to speculate on our plans. When a commander assigns a combat mission to the army, it is necessary to make the army advance without retreating, just as it is to make it climb high and remove the ladder. He will lead his soldiers deep into the land of the princes, and he will be as unstoppable as the arrows of a crossbow. It is necessary to burn the boat and break the pot to show the determination to fight to the death. Deal with the soldiers as they drive a flock, and drive them to and from them, so that they do not know where they are going. Assembling all the officers and men and putting them in a dangerous environment is the most important task in commanding the army to fight. The contingency and handling of the terrain, the gains and losses of the offensive and defensive advances and retreats, and the psychological state of the whole army from top to bottom are all carefully studied and carefully examined by the generals.

The usual rule of fighting in the territory of the enemy is that the deeper you enter the territory of the enemy, the more stable and consolidated the military spirit will be; The shallower the entry into the enemy's territory, the easier it is for the military to slack off and slacken. The area where you leave your home and cross into enemy territory to fight is called a Jedi;

The area that extends in all directions is called Qudi; The area that enters the depth of the enemy's territory is called the heavy land; When entering an area where the enemy territory is shallow, it is called light land. The area with a dangerous back facing the pass road is called an enclosure. The area where there is no way out is called the Dead Land. Therefore, everywhere is scattered, to unify the will of the army; In the light ground, the camp should be closely connected; In the battle for land, it is necessary to quickly send troops to copy the back of the enemy; On the ground, it is necessary to defend cautiously; In Qu Land, it is necessary to consolidate the alliance with the princes and nations; In the event of heavy land, it is necessary to ensure the supply of military rations; If you encounter a mound, you must pass quickly; If you fall into the enclosure, you will have to plug up the gap; When it comes to death, it is necessary to show the determination to fight to the death. Therefore, the psychological state of the soldiers is: if they are encircled, they will resist with all their might, if the situation is pressing, they will fight to the death, and if they are in a desperate situation, they will obey the command.

Therefore, if you do not understand the strategic intentions of the princes and nations, do not make friends with them in advance; If you are not familiar with the terrain conditions such as mountains, forests, dangers, and swamps, you cannot march. Without using a guide, you can't get a vantage point for terrain. If you don't understand any of these situations, you can't become an army that competes for hegemony. Any army that claims to be the king and fights for hegemony can attack the enemy country, so that the people of the enemy country will not have time to mobilize and concentrate; Putting a threat on the enemy's head can make the enemy's allies unable to cooperate. Therefore, there is no need to strive to make friends with the princes of the world, and there is no need to cultivate one's own power in the princely states; As long as you stretch your strategic intentions and exert your military might on the enemy's head, you can uproot the enemy's cities and destroy the enemy's capital. Rewarding the unconventional, issuing unconventional orders, and commanding the whole army is like using one man. Assign a battle mission to a subordinate without stating the intent. When soldiers are used, they only state the favorable conditions, but do not point out the causes of the dangers. Only by throwing the soldiers into a dangerous place can they turn the danger into safety, and only when they are trapped in the place of death can they be brought back to life. The army is in a deep trap before it can win. Therefore, to guide a war, it is necessary to cautiously observe the enemy's strategic intentions, concentrate forces to attack one part of the enemy, rush thousands of miles, and capture and kill the enemy's generals. This is the so-called skillful use of troops to achieve the goal of defeating the enemy.

Therefore, when deciding on the strategy of war, it is necessary to block the passes, abolish the pass symbols, not allow the envoys of the enemy country to go, and repeatedly and secretly plan in the temple to make strategic decisions. As soon as there is a gap on the enemy's side, it is necessary to quickly take advantage of it. First of all, seize the enemy's strategic points, but do not lightly fight a decisive battle with the enemy, be flexible and mobile, and decide your own combat operations according to the changes of the enemy. Therefore, before the battle begins, it is necessary to appear as a virgin and be weak and induce the enemy to let his guard down. Once the battle has begun, it is necessary to move as quickly as an escaped hare, so that the enemy is caught off guard and unable to resist.

【Modern Interpretation】

In modern business activities, rapid collection of intelligence, rapid transmission of information, rapid update of products, rapid turnover of goods, and rapid entry into the market are important factors for the success of business competition. The word "fast" shows the mystery. Therefore, "The Art of War" says, "The main speed of military affairs".

For enterprise production, it is also very important to adhere to the principle of "the main speed of military situation". In view of various realities, business operators should respond in a timely manner, come up with marketable products as soon as possible, and quickly put them on the market, which will surely make enterprises usher in a new upsurge.

Time is money, speed is efficiency, this has been a social consensus. Once you have a good grasp of the market, you must act vigorously and resolutely, "make a move when it is time to make a move". Otherwise, the fighter plane will be delayed and will eventually fail. As Sun Tzu said in the Art of War, it is necessary to "take advantage of the unexpectedness of others, and attack what they do not stop." ”