There are many good people in the world, and there are many bad people. Good people also have bad intentions, and bad people have good intentions. It's hard to tell. Only by effectively distinguishing between the good guys and the bad guys can we effectively unite friends and fight enemies.

□ Fan Sui, Shi Jian, and the Qin army skillfully took Changping

In the fifty-fifth year of the reign of King Zhou (260 BC), the Qin army marched north and entered the Zhao state. The veteran Lian Po led the Zhao soldiers to meet the enemy, and the Qin and Zhao armies held each other in Changping. Although Qin was brave and good at fighting, how could he be quite a soldier on the march, built a strong camp, waited for the opportunity to change, and delayed a decisive battle with the Qin soldiers. As a result, the two armies have held each other for nearly two years, and it is still difficult to distinguish between victory and defeat. The monarchs and soldiers of the Qin State were all anxious, but they were helpless.

King Qin Zhao asked Fan Sui and said, "Lian is quite wise, and he is not easy to fight in the face of the Qin army. The Qin army is far away, it is difficult to last, the war drags on for so long, the Qin army will be mired in the quagmire, unable to extricate itself, what can be done? Fan Sui had already clearly recognized the seriousness of the problem, and as an excellent strategist, he quickly found the crux of the problem. He was well aware of the advantages and disadvantages of Zhao Guo's military generals, and knew that if the Qin army wanted to fight quickly, it must design to get rid of Lian Po. So, he pondered for a moment and made a wonderful counter-plan to King Zhao.

Fan Sui sent a confidant to enter Handan, the capital of Zhao State, from the road, and bribed the people close to King Zhao with a thousand gold, and walked around the rumors: "The Qin army is most afraid of Zhao Zhao's son Zhao Kuo, who is young and promising and proficient in the art of war, if he is a general, he may not be able to win." Lian Po is old and cowardly, has been defeated repeatedly, and now he does not dare to fight, and he is the Qin army, and he will surrender in a few days. ”

When King Zhao heard this, he was skeptical. sent people to urge the war, but Lian Po still acted on the "strong wall" and refused to fight. King Zhao was already dissatisfied with Lian Po's previous losses and generals, and now he sent people to fight, but he stubbornly did not fight, and he could not drive the enemy out of the country. So he was gullible, and suddenly became suspicious, and he didn't distinguish between the true and the false, so he hurriedly worshiped Zhao Kuo as a general, gave him gold and silk, and transferred 200,000 elite soldiers to replace Lian Po.

Although Zhao Kuo is the son of Zhao Hao, a famous general of Zhao State, he is indeed proficient in the art of war. But when he reads the scriptures and the biography, he doesn't know how to change it, he can only sit and talk about it, talk on paper, and be proud. Once the commodore general, he immediately headed eastward, threatening the soldiers, so that the soldiers did not dare to look up. He also hid all the gold and belongings given by King Zhao at home, and searched for convenient farms and houses every day.

Zhao Kuo came to the front line of Changping, tried his best to change the constraints of the past, changed the generals, and adjusted the defense position, which made the hearts of the whole army fluctuate and disordered for a while. Fan Sui found out that the country had fallen into a trap, so he discussed with King Zhao, secretly sent Wu Anjun Bai Qi as a general, galloped to Changping, and ordered the army: "Those who dare to leak Wu Anjun will be beheaded!" ”

This Bai Qi is an unparalleled battle-hardened famous general in the Warring States Period, who has always been able to fight, wise and brave. In terms of handsome talent, Zhao Kuoyuan cannot be compared with Bai Qi; In terms of soldiers, it was difficult for the Zhao army to compete with the Qin soldiers. The reason why Fan Sui did what he did secretly was that the enemy slackened his will, in order to win by surprise. The two armies fought, Bai Qi feinted, Zhao Kuo was overjoyed, led his troops to chase after him, but was outflanked by the Qin army left and right, cut off food, and besieged in Changping. When King Qin Zhao heard the news, he personally came to the vicinity of Changping, did his best to plunder the grain and grass of the Zhao people, and stopped the rescue soldiers. The Zhao army was besieged for 46 days, and the soldiers were desperate to see the food they were running out, and the soldiers killed each other for food. Zhao had no choice but to divide the whole army into four teams and break through in turn, but they were all hit by the Qin army's random arrows, and Zhao Kuo himself was also killed by random arrows.

In the Battle of Changping, the Qin army won an unprecedented victory, capturing 400,000 Zhao soldiers, and all the others were killed except for 240 people who were old and young. In this battle, Qin successively wiped out 450,000 Zhao troops, which greatly frustrated the vitality of the Zhao state in the north, making it collapse from then on. After the war, the Qin army took advantage of the victory to besiege Handan, the capital of Zhao. Although there was a famous man Mao Sui who recommended himself and went to Chu to seek help, and there was a Wei State Xinling Jun who stole the talisman to save Zhao, it could only be a temporary survival, and could not save the doom of the defeat of Zhao.

The Battle of Changping was of epoch-making significance in the history of the Qin State. The war between Qin and the Kwantung Kingdom, if it is said that Qin Huiwen was still in the stage of strategic stalemate, has entered the stage of strategic counteroffensive at this point.

Fan Sui took advantage of the fact that King Zhao was already dissatisfied with Lian Po's "strong wall" and did not fight, and there were "cracks", and skillfully used a discordant plan, causing his "gaps" to increase. Finally, the incompetent Zhao Kuo replaced the resourceful Lian Po and won the Battle of Changping.

□ ingenious gaps, Chen Ping planned to eliminate Fan Zeng

At the most intense moment of the Chu-Han War, Liu Bang, the king of Han, listened to Chen Ping's strategy and took advantage of Xiang Yu's rebellion to lead an army of 500,000 to capture Xiang Yu's lair, Pengcheng.

After entering Pengcheng, Liu Bang was indulged in wine, blindly enjoying himself, and relying on the large number of soldiers, he underestimated the enemy, and relaxed his vigilance; In addition, the Han army claimed to be 500,000, but most of them were temporarily subordinated to the waiting army, and the alliance was not strong, and the army was uneven. After Xiang Yu heard the cry of his brothers and sisters who escaped from Pengcheng, he immediately ordered the generals Long He and Zhong Liwu to take 200,000 people to Ma Ping countries, and he took Fan Zeng, Xiang Zhuang, Ji Bu, Huan Chu, Yu Ziqi and other generals to return to Pengcheng with 3 elite soldiers, and killed the Han army by surprise. The alliance disintegrated, the Han army died more than 200,000, Liu Bang fled to Xingyang City with a few remnants of the army, and was surrounded in the city by the Chu army that was successfully pursued for a year. Liu Bang asked for Xianxing to the west to seek peace, but Xiang Yu did not allow it, in the face of this crisis situation, Liu Bang was depressed, and said to Chen Ping in frustration: "The world is disturbed, when can we get peace?" ”

Chen Ping saw Liu Bang asking him for advice, so he said confidently: "Don't worry, the situation is changing right now." As long as the Lord promotes his strengths and avoids his weaknesses, the world can be determined. Liu Bang wanted to ask for details, Chen Ping said: "King Xiang mainly relies on Fan Zeng, Zhong Yu, Long Ji and Zhou Yin. If the lord can give up tens of thousands of catties of gold, he can use inconsistencies to make their kings and ministers suspicious of each other. Ding Yu is already suspicious of slander, and it will cause internal strife and kill each other. At that time, our army will take the opportunity to counterattack and will inevitably break. Liu Bang thought so, so he gave Chen Ping 40,000 catties of gold and let him dispose of it.

Chen Ping then began to use the money to actively carry out his rebellion in the Chu army. On the one hand, he sent envoys to Chu and wrote to Xiang Yu, and on the other hand, he used a lot of money to buy some soldiers and soldiers, so that they spread gossip everywhere, saying that Fan Zeng, Zhong Liwu and other great people led troops to fight for King Xiang, and they had a lot of credit, but they never got the land of King Xiang to divide them, nor did they get the title of King Hou, they had resentment in their hearts, and planned to unite with Han to eliminate Xiang, divide Xiang's land and establish themselves as kings.

Xiang Yu saw the letter of the King of Han asking for peace, so he naturally refused to agree. But he was suspicious of those streams, so he sent messengers into the city to inquire about the truth.

The envoy of the king of Chu entered Xingyang City, and Chen Ping led people to greet him, and invited the envoy to the living room and set up a sumptuous banquet. Chen Ping pretended to accompany him, and asked diligently: "What is the reason why Father Fan sent a noble envoy to come to see him?" Is everything okay with Mr. Fan and General Zhongli? Do they have letters? The envoy of Chu was asked inexplicably, and he didn't know how to reply, so he had to say: "I am the envoy sent by the overlord himself, how can I have a letter from Mr. Fan and General Zhong?" After hearing this, Chen Ping deliberately frowned and said, "Oh! It turns out that you were sent by Mr. Fan and General Zhongli. ......" Chen Ping said, glanced at Chu, put down the wine glass in his hand, stood up and strode out. The messenger was very puzzled by all this, and was in a daze, when some attendants came in, and in seven or eight feet removed the full case. After a while, a maid came in to change him for a bowl of vegetable soup and a steamed bun. When the envoy of Chu saw this, he was very annoyed, thinking to himself, he regarded Fan Zeng and Zhong Liwu as so noble, and regarded King Xiang as a mustard, this must have a mystery, maybe Fan Zeng and Zhong Liwu had already colluded with them!

The envoy of Chu was humiliated and angry, and as soon as he returned to the Chu camp, he reported the details to King Xiang one by one. King Xiang was immediately furious when he heard this, and said to himself: "It's strange that there has been a lot of discussion in the camp recently, saying that Yafu and General Zhongli have fornicated with King Han, and they have ambitions, and it seems that there is no wind and no waves......" Xiang Yu became suspicious, distrustful of Zhong Li, and increasingly alienated from Fan Zeng. Fan Zeng did not advocate negotiating with the Han army, hoping that the Chu army could capture Xingyang and capture Liu Bang in one go. The more he persuaded Xiang to attack Xingyang, the more Xiang Yu suspected that he was colluding with Liu Bang to play something. Fan Zeng was very angry and asked to retreat to the mountains and forests. Xiang Yu didn't stop him, and even allowed him to be invited.

Fan Zeng returned to the field, on the way back to his old home nest (now Tongcheng South, Anhui), he was angry and annoyed, had carbuncle on his back, and died of illness at the age of 75. When Xiang Yu heard the news of Fan Zeng's death, he knew that he had fallen for the counterplot and was very remorseful, but it was too late. The only strategist who repeatedly performed miraculous feats was eliminated by Chen Ping's slight tricks.

Suspicion gives rise to dark ghosts, and ghosts lead God astray. Xiang Yu is a human being, suspicious of sex, and was used by Chen Ping. Chen Ping's clever discord tactics prompted a big contradiction between him and Fan Zeng, and finally led him to expel Fan Zeng.