In that year, the official system was reformed, and Liu Zhi added school officials in various prefectures and counties, who were specifically responsible for schools and imperial examinations in various places.

Now that the reading culture in China is stronger, it is time to institutionalize education.

On this day, Liu Zhi summoned Hu Guang, the head of the Hanlin Academy, to come and put forward his own ideas.

Hu Guang has always been very much in favor of running schools, and although he has no ideas in political affairs, he has done his best in educating and selecting talents.

Back then, Liang Ji promoted him to the rank of lieutenant, purely because he fell in love with his timid and fearful character, and later Liu Zhi reactivated it because of his prestige in the academic world.

The Hanlin Academy is mainly based on knowledge and does not need to participate in politics, which is indeed very suitable for Hu Guang.

Over the years, Liu Zhi's biggest task for him was to maintain the imperial examination and be responsible for selecting talents for the imperial court.

In addition, he was responsible for leading a cadre of literati to collect and compile various classics since the pre-Qin and pre-Han dynasties.

This is a great event that will benefit the future generations.

After the burning of books in the Qin Dynasty, the burning of hundreds of classics by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the war during the Xinmang Rebellion, many ancient books have been destroyed or disappeared.

Liu Zhi, who came from later generations, knew the great significance of ancient cultural inheritance for the future, and took advantage of his ability to carry out rescue excavations in time.

In the past ten years, under the auspices of Hu Guang, this vast project has only been completed by three or four tenths, but as more and more people participate and experience is more sufficient, the speed will be greatly accelerated.

The great Confucians of the Han Dynasty were popular to open their own museums to teach apprentices, for example, Ma Rong received tens of thousands of apprentices in his lifetime, and at the most, there were 3,000 students at the same time.

Hu Guang is naturally no exception, with his prestige in Confucianism, there are as many scholars who come to study as if they were carp crossing the river.

Of course, not everyone is qualified to enter his disciples, they must go through a special assessment, you must know that even Chen Fan and others are his protégés.

In fact, this is another form of private school, which is maintained entirely by personal prestige, and if the Si people have gone, the school will disappear.

Basically, it is a model to take apprentices with a master in the handicraft industry, and the advantage is that you can borrow the teacher's connections and enter the career more smoothly.

The disadvantage is that the learning is relatively simple, after all, there is only one teacher, that is, it only represents the words of the family.

As far as Liu Zhi is concerned, he does not advocate this way of running a school, and has always encouraged the establishment of schools in his own name.

After Ma Rongrong retired, he heeded the call and returned to his hometown to found a higher education institution, because he was also the honorary principal of Jingshi Yucai School and was very familiar with this way of running a school.

So draw the gourd in the same way, copy everything from the past, and copy a Yucai school.

Because of his reputation as the emperor's teacher, coupled with the fact that he is indeed a great Confucian in the world, he has a strong appeal in the entire academic world, so many celebrities and scholars have heard of it in a short period of time.

Liu Zhi even personally waved a plaque to encourage him.

In terms of education, Ma Rong can be said to be ambitious, he was not satisfied with this school at all, and sponsored his disciple Lu Zhi to open a new school in his hometown of Zhuo County.

Since Zhuo County was still under construction, he took the opportunity to put the construction of the school on the agenda, and the state came forward to help build it.

Although this school has not yet opened, Zhuojun School is the largest of several Yucai schools.

Among all Ma Rong's disciples, if you talk about learning, the most outstanding must be Zheng Xuan, but Lu Zhi is a famous prodigy who has been studying with Ma Rong since he was a child.

Later, Ma Rong's disciples had too many disciples to teach in person, and most of the students in the later period were transferred by Lu Zhi.

Therefore, when it comes to group teaching experience, Lu Zhi is definitely much stronger than Zheng Xuan.

Liu Zhi had high expectations for this school, after all, at this time, the education level in the vast territory of the Northeast was far inferior to that of the Central Plains.

It is hoped that this Yucai school in Zhuo County will be able to drive the academic atmosphere of the entire Northeast in the future.

The concept of private schools has now been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and in Yangzhou and Jingzhou, celebrities have come forward to open formal schools.

In the summer, Liu Zhi visited Yangzhou and visited the local government and private schools.

The academic atmosphere in Jingyang is very strong, and there are many talented people, and compared with the Central Plains, there is a feeling that the back wave is pressing the front wave.

At that time, Liu Zhi instructed the local governments to set up work-study schools, although they mainly taught handicrafts, they only had the ability to eliminate illiteracy in terms of cultural knowledge.

Knowing some common words, learning a little more simple arithmetic, and not teaching advanced subsets of scriptures and histories.

But even so, it has played a great positive role, and many teachers will love talents and recommend them to government schools after discovering some talented children in the people.

This has allowed some children from poor families to have access to higher education, and more than ten years have passed, and many outstanding talents have emerged from it.

Although the percentage of these people in the entire imperial examination is still small, because they are all people who are in the best of the day, they often rank among the best.

Their experience has been passed down to the world, making the people in the countryside talk about it and encouraging more civilian students.

On this basis, Liu Zhi felt that the time had come for the full implementation of junior primary education.

He wanted to turn these work-study schools all over the country into ordinary primary schools, and adjust the learning content to focus on culture, supplemented by handicrafts.

It is also divided into male and female classes, and since the work-study school originally taught women's textiles, embroidery, and other handicrafts, there is still a broad base for girls to go to elementary school.

Of course, Liu Zhi didn't plan to engage in any activities such as equal rights for men and women, just to let women get some of the right to education.

As for whether this aspect will appear in accordance with the trend after the development of society in the future, it is not within the scope of his consideration.

Although he did not plan to open the threshold for women to enter the official career and challenge the feudal system, he gave women another way, that is, more employment opportunities.

Not to mention the nationwide booming textile industry, which requires mostly women.

Other industries, such as sugar making, vinegar brewing, printing and dyeing, etc., also need a large number of female workers, and the Han Dynasty was not taboo about women doing business, the only difference from modern times is that they must be subordinate to a man in terms of status.

For example, the daughter of a businessman or the wife of a businessman, the rise of work-study schools has also made a group of women embark on the road of becoming teachers.

After all, sending their daughters to learn art, ordinary parents still don't feel at ease about handing them over to male teachers.

In addition, due to the rise of medicine, there are many gynecological diseases that are still taboo to be diagnosed and treated by men, based on the idea that men do not kiss each other.

Therefore, many female doctors are gradually emerging, specializing in obstetrics and gynecology or women's internal medicine, and there is a trend of more and more vigorous growth.

The improvement of economic status also means the improvement of women's power in the whole society, so although Liu Zhi has not advocated it on the surface, it still achieves the same effect.

The idea of opening a state-owned primary school now has a profound significance not only in terms of education, but also in terms of the advancement of women.

Hu Guang expressed his support for Liu Zhi's idea, and actively offered suggestions, believing that the imperial court should provide financial subsidies for primary schools, so that more civilian children could go to school.

The Confucian doctrine of this era was not as strict as that of the later Cheng Zhu Lixue, and there was neither the saying that a woman is virtuous if she was not talented, nor did it deprive poor children of their right to study.

Since the era of Confucius was not far away, it was relatively comprehensive in terms of inheritance, and Confucius was a great educator, who proposed that there should be no class for education, and that all talented people were qualified to receive education.

Therefore, a true Confucian scholar will not cling to the restrictions of class and annihilate the power of education.

In their hearts, there is only one object of education, that is, people who are gifted and intelligent.

However, since primary schools do not teach advanced knowledge, but only focus on literacy, and have the purpose of learning crafts, some enlightened scholars do not object.

If he had proposed the concept of a secondary school, it is estimated that the opposition would have been very high, and it would be a waste of teachers and money to let ordinary and ungifted civilians receive a more advanced education.

If he wants to carry out education for all, Liu Zhi estimates that it is impossible in his generation, and hopes that the next generation can achieve this goal.

"What I mean is not only to incorporate primary schools into the imperial court scholar system, but also to set up a special institution to be responsible for running schools and imperial examinations throughout the country.

What does Hu Gong think about this? ”

So far, the academic officials of each state and county have been directly assigned to the management of the Ministry of Officials, while the four major official schools and Taixue in the capital are all independent institutions, but they are dominated by Taixue.

The private schools in the capital are not even included in any management system, and the number of schools in the past is small, and I don't think it's good.

With the mushrooming of various government schools and private schools in the Han Empire, if there is no standardized management system, it will be chaotic.

Many people of insight have felt this, but there is no unified standard for how to solve it.

Now that His Majesty mentioned it, Hu Guang, who had long been worried, immediately felt enlightened.

"Your Majesty is really wise, and now schools are blooming everywhere, the good and the bad are uneven, and some people think that they are famous and famous, and running schools is purely for the sake of fame and reputation.

In the end, this can only lead to misleading people's children, or even harming one party. ”

There is a reason why Hu Guang is so excited, there are indeed many well-educated people in Confucianism, but inevitably, there will also be people who are indiscriminate.

Watching others open schools and become famous, they immediately followed suit, they themselves were not knowledgeable enough, and they pretended to be coquettish on weekdays to win the title of celebrity.

Obviously opening a school, in fact, it is still a private school in the past, and there is no change in the slightest, just a change of name.

If it is an ordinary pseudonym, I am afraid that my family is powerful, and the influence of the school is too wide, which will delay a large number of students.

Among them, one of the most famous is Liu Zhi's enlightenment teacher when he was still the Marquis of Liwu, Zhou Fu.

This person was originally an ordinary celebrity with a little talent and learning, but because he was lucky enough to be an enlightenment teacher for Liu Zhi, he rose to prominence and became a scholar in the court.

On the eve of the first big exam, Ma Rong also recommended him to be the chief examiner, but after Liu Zhi's investigation, it was found that this person was shallow in learning and had poor character.

Talking rhetorically every day, forming a party for personal gain, and vain fame is very important, if it weren't for the title of emperor, such a person Liu Zhi would have been pushed to the end a long time ago, where is it cool.

However, the Han Dynasty took Confucianism as its basic ideological policy, and respecting teachers was one of the minimum national policies.

Therefore, as long as Zhou Fu does not commit rebellion, nothing else can shake his position.

Later, after the reform of the official system, Liu Zhi kicked him to the secretary province and served as a waiter, secretly greeted Yuan Xu, and did not let him do practical things, so he ate and drank so well.

A few years ago, Zhou Fu's father died of illness, and Zhou Fu, who claimed to be a celebrity, could only return to his hometown and keep filial piety for three years.

Unexpectedly, three years later, he was just about to return to the capital, his old mother was sick again, and Zhou Fu knew that he would not be able to go back in a short time, so he hit the idea of running a school.

Because he has the name of the emperor, and the official title is hung under the secretary of the province, there are many people who want to go through him.

Of course, there are some people who were deceived by his shining name, and thought that he had learned five cars and came to defect.

In his hometown of Ganling, Zhou Fu's fame is equal to that of Fang Zhi, but it is far inferior to the latter's talent and morality.

For this matter, the real celebrities all scoffed, but from the local to the capital, no one dared to impeach on this matter.

After all, Zhou Fu occupies the title of the emperor's master, and if His Majesty punishes him, it will be easy to fall into the unrighteous name of mistreatment.

At present, unified management is carried out on a unified basis, and those whose qualifications for running schools are not up to standard and those whose conditions for running schools are not sufficient can be directly banned.

Zhou Fu's weakness is greed for vanity, he likes to pretend to be a celebrity, and he doesn't dare to do anything out of line in public on the surface, as long as he respects the law and does things, he can only stare dryly.

In fact, Liu Zhi didn't know about Zhou Fu's various bad behaviors, although this move was not specifically aimed at him, but it was also aimed at a group like him.

"Since Hu Gong is also in favor, let's discuss it in the Hanlin Academy to see how we can standardize the standards for running schools."

"Yes, the old minister will do it."

Hu Guangmei smiled, and went tremblingly, he is a well-known good old man, a person who can't even stand him, how bad his behavior should be, it's unimaginable.

Hmph, dare to do unrighteous things under the banner of his Liu Zhi, don't think that he can't do anything about it, if you want to fix you, it's enough to move your little finger casually.

The news that His Majesty wants to standardize the system of running schools and correct unhealthy practices quickly spread throughout the country, and although the system has not yet come out, in fact, most people have a bottom of their minds.

Private institutions of higher learning should be based on the Beijing Yucai School, after all, it was established under the personal planning of His Majesty.

The first generation of principals is now Nanhai Gong Deng Yan, and later he invited Ma Rong to come out of the mountain, and he was willing to retreat behind the scenes.

Moreover, the success of Yucai School is obvious to all, especially in the promotion of various new cultures, and it has spared no effort.

It's just that it is too difficult to imitate, and it is necessary to have teachers in various disciplines, as well as a special venue and scale.