Chapter 37, Tibet is also Chinese
Jiang Qiang and Wang Yaqiao also had a battalion of soldiers who flew to Dubai, and another regiment with more than 100 trucks carrying goods to Dubai in Xinjiang, and within two hours Jiang Qiang and Wang Yaqiao had already arrived in Dubai. This is the time. Jin Shuren and officials from Dubai greeted him at the airport, and Xinjiang was known as the Western Regions in ancient times, and the term "Western Regions" specifically refers to Xinjiang's geographical area that lasted from ancient times to the reign of Emperor Qianlong in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.
Before the Qing army entered the customs, its territory was limited to northeastern China. After entering the customs, it quickly unified most of China. In some areas, however, its rule was finally established after years of iteration. Several generations of emperors in the early Qing Dynasty regarded the unification of all of China as their own responsibility. After several generations of efforts, the Qing government's area of control in China continued to expand and consolidate. By the time of the Qianlong Emperor (1736~1796 AD), the decrees of the Qing government could finally be implemented in every corner of China. The Qianlong Emperor referred to the area that was finally ruled by the Qing government that he had established as Xinjiang. After the Qing government put down the rebellion of the Dzungar tribe, the northern and southern regions of the Tianshan Mountains, which were formerly known as the Western Regions, were also called Xinjiang. The name Xinjiang has another meaning. Following Zuo Zongtang's recovery of Xinjiang from Agubai in 1878, the Russian invaders were forced to return the Ili region in 1882. As a result, Zuo Zongtang advocated the establishment of provinces in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains. In his memo to the Qing emperor, he called Xinjiang "a place where other ethnic groups are forced to return, and the homeland is newly returned." As a result, Xinjiang as the name of the province has a new meaning. That is, Xinjiang has been China's inherent territory since ancient times, but because it was a lost territory recovered from Aguba and Tsarist Russia, Xinjiang was named as the province, which means "new return to the homeland". In 1884, Xinjiang was established as a province and officially named Xinjiang Province. From the oral tradition, it has become a noun specifically referring to the Western Regions, and the word "Xinjiang" has officially become a special noun specifically referring to the Western Regions of China, and it is still used today.
Archaeological data from various parts of Xinjiang in modern times show that human activities were carried out in Xinjiang at the latest six or seven thousand years ago. In the Neolithic Age, about two or three thousand years ago, the relics of human ancestors' activities have appeared in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, such as Sandaoling and Qijiaojing in Hami, Astana in the Turpan Basin, Chaiwobao in Urumqi County, as well as Mulei, Qitai, Yili, Kucha, Bachu, Jimo, Khotan, Pishan and other places, and their stone tool shapes, carving techniques and coexisting pottery colors and patterns are similar to those in Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia in China. The triangular patterns, swirl patterns, string patterns and vessel shapes such as pottery beans unearthed in Xinjiang 3,000 years ago show that the painted pottery art in Gansu and the interior has influenced the development of painted pottery culture and art in Xinjiang. Also during the Han Dynasty, the central government began to set up local government agencies in various parts of the Western Regions. Therefore, since the Han Dynasty, the Western Regions have been an inseparable part of China. By the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the social economy of the northern and southern parts of the Tianshan Mountains had developed greatly.
The great cause of the Western Han Dynasty to conquer the Western Regions began with the crusade against the Xiongnu. The Xiongnu were a powerful nomadic people who operated in the steppe regions of northern China during the Qin and Han dynasties. The Han Dynasty's unified jurisdiction over the northern regions, including the Western Regions, ended the long-standing division of the nomadic tribes in the region, and created the conditions for the formation of a unified nationwide situation later.
In order to defeat the Xiongnu and consolidate his rule, Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty decided to "pass through the Western Regions to cut off the right arm of the Xiongnu and isolate the Nanqiang and Yueshi". To this end, he first sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions twice to strengthen ties with the Western Regions and jointly deal with the Xiongnu. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also ordered Li Guangli to conquer Dawan (in the present-day Ferghana Basin of Central Asia) in the first year of Taichu (104 BC) and three years later, so that many cities and states in the Western Regions were successively subject to the Han. In 102 BC, the Han army conquered the city of Dawan (present-day Ferghana), and the prestige of the Han Dynasty among the countries of the Western Regions increased greatly. In the following year, the Han Dynasty stationed troops in Tuntian in Luntai, Quli and other places in the Western Regions, and placed envoys and captains to lead them. The Sui and Tang dynasties were a period of unprecedented prosperity and prosperity for China's feudal society. The Sui Dynasty seized the eastern part of the Western Regions from the Turks, destroyed Tuyuhun, and expanded the administrative area to the area of present-day Ruoqiang, Jimo, the west of Qinghai Lake, and the east of Xinghai County. In the fifth year of the great cause, Emperor Yang of Sui patrolled Hexi, and the envoys of the leaders of 27 countries, including Gaochang King Lu Boya, went to Zhangye to meet him, and the grand occasion was unprecedented. In the sixth year of the great cause, the three counties of Shanshan (now Ruoqiang), and Yiwu and Yiwu were established, and Rouyuan Town was set up in the northeast of Yiwu City.
In the fourteenth year of Emperor Taizong Zhenguan of the Tang Dynasty (640), the Tang army occupied Gaochang, placed Xizhou in the place, and set up Tingzhou in the Khan Futu City (now Jimusar); In the same year, the Anxi Metropolitan Protectorate was set up in Gaochang, which was later moved to Kuqa and relocated to the Anxi Metropolitan Protectorate. The four towns of Tong'anxi: Qiuzi, Shule, Khotan, and Xiaye (now Tokmak City, Kyrgyzstan), have jurisdiction over present-day Xinjiang and eastern Kazakhs, and the Chu River basin in northern Kyrgyzstan. From the first year of Xianqing (656) to the first year of Lin De (664), during this period, it was Wu Zetian who assisted Tang Gaozong as the empress to listen to the government. In the following 20 years, the Tang army launched a series of expeditions against the Western Turks, Tang Gaozong sent a large army to attack the Western Turks in the north and south, and destroyed the Western Turks in one fell swoop, and in 657 the Western Turks completely surrendered, and all the territory of the Western Turks was owned by the Tang. During the reign of Xianqing and Longshuo (661~663), the Tang army pacified the Western Turks, and the area under its jurisdiction expanded to the east and west of the Altai Mountains to the east and west of the Aral Sea and the Green Mountains, and the city-states on both sides of the Amu Darya River included most of the present-day Xinjiang. In 670, the four towns of Anxi were captured by the Tibetans, and in 693 the Wu Zhou occupied them again. In the first year of Xianheng of the Tang Dynasty (670), the Anxi Prefecture was moved to Broken Leaf City. In the middle of the 8th century, when the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the Tibetans again gradually controlled the southern part of the Tianshan Mountains and the vast areas of the Hexi Corridor over the next three decades, and even sacked the Tang capital of Chang'an in 763. At the same time, the Uighurs controlled vast areas of Mobei and even Central Asia, including northern Xinjiang. After the middle of the 9th century, both the Tibetans and the Uighurs declined, and the region entered a period of chaos.
In 1206, the Mongol Empire was established, and in 1271 the name of the country was changed to the Yuan Dynasty. During the Mongol and Yuan dynasties, most of the Western Regions was the fief of Genghis Khan's second son, Chagatai, that is, the Chagatai Khanate. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty established the province of Alimari (Alimali) in the present-day Ili River valley, but it was soon incorporated into the Chagatai Khanate. It also established a province on the south bank of the Amu Darya River and was later incorporated into the Ilkhanate. The area around present-day Dubai was once set up in the province of Beshbali, which was once occupied by the Chagatai Khanate, and later re-became the jurisdiction of the Yuan Dynasty.
The Ming Dynasty was in a state of retreat in the Western Regions, and set up the Orisi Military and Civilian Marshal's Mansion in the northeast of present-day Kashmir and western Tibet; In 1406, Hamiwei was established, and local clan leaders were appointed as officials at all levels to oversee local military and political affairs, maintain the security of trade routes, and exercise restraint and control over the Western Regions. After the fall of the Chagatai Khanate in the third year of Hongwu (1370), his descendants built Beshibali, and the capital was in Beshibali (now Jimusar North Pochengzi), and in the sixteenth year of Yongle (1418), the capital was moved to Yili (now Yining). In the middle of the 15th century, the Turpan Department was strong, in 1472, Hami and other guards were once broken by Turpan, Zhuwei moved inward, and then recovered, in 1514 it was merged again, and the Ming Dynasty finally retreated to Jiayuguan. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the Eastern Chagatai Khanate evolved into the Yarkand Khanate. During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the people of all nationalities in the Western Regions made outstanding contributions to defending and opening up the borders of the motherland, prospering the economy of the Western Regions, and developing science, culture, and technology.
The Opium War of 1840 was the beginning of modern Chinese society, and after the Opium War, Xinjiang, like the rest of the motherland, gradually degenerated into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. The struggle of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang against foreign invasion, separatism, and feudal exploitation and oppression is even more arduous. The destiny of Xinjiang and the motherland is getting closer and closer.
Wang Yaqiao came to Dubai and said, this time you have done a good job, so you don't want to expand the army in a big way, these two years are to develop the economy and improve the living environment of the people here, we will not send people to help you develop Xinjiang together, starting from today Xinjiang is not allowed to reach out to any ordinary people for three years, this time I will first bring 100 million US dollars to help you develop Xinjiang, I will send 40 political officials to help you deal with Xinjiang affairs, you must remember that Xinjiang is not a single person, but the entire people of Xinjiang, In addition, our ethnic policy is very strong, you must abide by it, we must respect the customs and habits of ethnic minorities, we still don't look down on the little money you have here, and from today onwards, we will compensate you all the properties of the officials after valuing them, and our policy is that those who are officials should not do business, and this is a principle.
Xinjiang is a good place, Xinjiang's grain crops are wheat, corn, and rice as the bulk of the crops, which can be planted in most areas of Xinjiang, and the sown area accounts for more than 90% of the total area of grain crops. The Ili Valley has a mild climate, more rainfall, fertile land, and is more suitable for the growth of grain and wheat, and is known as the "granary of Xinjiang". Xinjiang has also developed greatly in the future, and the high-quality rice in Aksu, Miquan and other places is as clean as a pearl, with fine quality and delicious taste. Among the grain crops in Xinjiang, there are also sorghum, barley, millet, soybeans, peas, broad beans and so on.
Xinjiang's main products are cotton, oilseeds, sugar beets, hemp, tobacco, medicinal materials, silkworm cocoons, etc., among which Xinjiang cotton is particularly famous for its high quality, and now the cotton output is 375,000 tons. In the country, it ranks first in almost one-third of the world, and has become a pivotal cotton producing area in the country. The Manas River Basin in northern Xinjiang, the Turpan Basin and the vast areas of southern Xinjiang are concentrated cotton producing areas. The output of long-staple cotton (also known as island cotton) cocoons with high economic value and strict requirements for the growth environment and farming measures has reached 800 tons, but it is still not enough, we must vigorously support, we have no money. Xinjiang is known as the "hometown of melons and fruits". Because the climate here is very favorable for the production and accumulation of melon and fructose. Therefore, the melons and fruits produced are particularly luscious and refreshing, which you should also pay attention to, and you can grow grapes in every family, and we will send people to buy fruits to sell in Shanghai.
The common melons and fruits in Xinjiang include grapes, melons (cantaloupe), watermelons, apples, fragrant pears, apricots, peaches, pomegranates, cherries, figs, walnuts, almonds, etc., and there are hundreds of excellent varieties. Among them, the seedless white grapes of Turpan, the cantaloupe of Shanshan, the fragrant pear of Korla, the white apricot of Kuqa and Luntai, the fig of Artush, the cherry, walnut, and glossy peach of Kashgar, the pomegranate and Qipan pear of Yecheng, the peach of Hotan, and the apple of Yili, all enjoy a good reputation. Xinjiang raisins, cantaloupe, fragrant pears and so on can become bestsellers through Shanghai to occupy the international market.
Xinjiang is one of the four major pastoral areas in China and has a long history of animal husbandry. Xinjiang has a grassland area of about 57.333 million hectares, ranking second in the country. In the 48 million hectares of natural pastures in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, large and small livestock are scattered all over the mountains, and the largest number is sheep, followed by cattle, horses, goats, donkeys, camels, mules, yaks, etc. Xinjiang's livestock breeds are well-known throughout the country, such as Xinjiang fine-wool sheep, Altay big-tailed sheep, Xinjiang and Yili dairy cattle, etc. All localities in Xinjiang have continuously improved, selected and bred new fine breeds of livestock, and this index has taken the leading position in the country, and animal husbandry production has developed rapidly. In addition to meeting the needs of the region, a large number of cattle, sheep, horses and donkeys are transported to the mainland every year. The developed animal husbandry industry provides people with a large number of animal products such as wool, fleece, casing, cream, ghee, and milk powder.
In addition, it is necessary to vigorously promote the planting of trees in Xinjiang, and the banks of the Tarim River, Manas River and other rivers are the distribution areas of broad-leaved forests in the plains. In the Tarim River Basin, there are world-famous precious tree species poplar forest and gray poplar forest, which are not only a widely used timber forest, but also a windbreak forest in the depths of the desert, and there are more than 60 kinds of afforestation tree species such as poplar, willow, elm, ash, maple, locust tree, white pine, sand date, mulberry and various fruit trees.
On the military side, it is enough to maintain four divisions of nearly 100,000 people, we will set up a military academy in Xinjiang, set up a cadre academy, we are seeking happiness for the people of Xinjiang, not to exploit them, and a large number of materials will arrive here in a few days, and there are officials who want to develop ethnic minorities, all foreign consulates in Dubai are not allowed to have them, and what you want is an office, there is no room for negotiation at all, and we must safeguard the unity and integrity of our China. We will not allow any separatist behavior to appear in Xinjiang, and we will notify them tomorrow that they will either change the sign, or they will get out, we have a consulate here, so what is the Nanjing government, and Qinghai should not be touched first, we will use three years to turn Xinjiang into a pearl in northwest China.
Okay, let's rest first, you don't have to invite guests to dinner, we don't pay attention to this there, Jin Shuren came out and said that these Shanghainese are really ruthless, those officials said, the most important thing is that their army is too ruthless, and the Soviet Union has no temper like this, haha, it's really enjoyable that Sheng Shi ran there, I used to want to hug the thighs of the Soviets, this time it's over, see what else he can do haha.
The next day, Jiang Qiang and Wang Yaqiao came to the British consulate first, Wang Yaqiao said, you Britain can't set up a consulate here, give you a day to change your name, or you will get out, the military attache of the British consulate shouted, the consulate is equivalent to our British territory, and Tibet is also ours, we have a garrison there, Jiang Qiang asked, when will you have a garrison, well, one of our divisions has already been stationed in Lhasa, haha, Jiang Qiang ordered all the British to be forcibly escorted out of the country, and all the things here were confiscated, and Tibet is also our Huaxia and is an inseparable part, and asked Lai San and them to go to a division, and all the British men over the age of ten were beheaded and not a single one was left, and at this time the military attache was frightened, and all the people in the British consulate at this time were escorted to the truck and drove to the border, and those foreign consulates were frightened, and immediately covered up the consulate sign.